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William Clarke (cricketer, born 1798)

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For other people with the same name, see William Clarke.

William Clarke
Personal information
Born24 December 1798
Nottingham, England
Died25 August 1856 (aged 57)
Wandsworth, London, England
BattingRight-handed
Career statistics
Competition First-class
Matches 143
Runs scored 2,133
Batting average 10.35
100s/50s 0/7
Top score 75
Balls bowled 14,027
Wickets 795
Bowling average 9.99
5 wickets in innings 82
10 wickets in match 25
Best bowling 9/29
Catches/stumpings 55/0
Source: CricInfo, 23 September 2018

William Clarke (24 December 1798 – 25 August 1856) was an English cricketer and team manager who played first-class cricket from 1826 to 1855. He founded, managed and captained the All-England Eleven. He has been described as "one of certain figures who, in the history of cricket, stand like milestones along the way".[1] Clarke was born at Nottingham and died at Wandsworth in Surrey.

In the late 1820s, he lost sight in one eye after being struck there by a fives ball on the court behind the Bell Inn in Nottingham.[citation needed]

First-class career

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Clarke was originally a bricklayer by trade, but from his earnings as a bowler and an advantageous marriage he was able in 1837 to take up the traditional cricketer's trade of publican. He married Mary Chapman, the landlady of the Trent Bridge Inn, and they arranged for the land behind the inn to be made available.[2] He opened the enclosed Trent Bridge cricket ground behind the inn and, from July 1840, it became the main venue for Nottinghamshire matches instead of the Forest racecourse, which was not enclosed.[3] A stand at Trent Bridge has been named after Clarke.[4]

Clarke was a great spin bowler. He began his first-class career as roundarm bowling was being introduced but he decided to persist with the slow right-arm underarm leg-spin he had learned as a boy.[citation needed] In his career, he took 795 wickets at the outstanding average of 10.06 in 143 known first-class matches with a best analysis of 9/29. He took five wickets in an innings 82 times and ten wickets in a match 26 times. He was a moderate batsman, scoring first-class 2133 runs at an average of 10.35 with a highest score of 75. He took 55 catches.[5]

Clarke played in the inaugural North v. South fixture at Lord's, this being his first appearance there.[6]

He is believed to be the only player ever to take a first-class hat-trick that included the same batsman twice (i.e., John Fagge, the hat-trick spanning both Kent innings).[7][8]

Captaincy

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Besides his bowling, Clarke's greatest attribute was his captaincy and leadership. He was an astute tactician and perhaps the sport's first truly tactical captain who could "think out" the opposition by means of planned field positions and rotation of his bowlers.[citation needed] Taking the reins from Joseph Dennis, Clarke captained the old Nottingham town club from 1830 and automatically succeeded to the captaincy of Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club when it was formed out of the town club in various stages between 1835 and 1840.[citation needed]

The All-England Eleven

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In 1845, Clarke had become a ground bowler at Lord's as an MCC employee. Another ground bowler then was William Lillywhite. Clarke had a great season in 1845 and few batsmen could play him well.[9] Although most MCC ground staff were satisfied with their pay, Clarke was not and in 1846 he decided to take matters into his own hands. In August 1846, when the MCC season finished, he formed the All-England Eleven (AEE) as a touring team of leading players to play matches at big city venues, mainly in the "unfashionable but prosperous" North of England.[10] The team played three matches in 1846 against 22 of Sheffield, 18 of Manchester and 18 of Yorkshire.[10] Clarke's team was indeed a top-class side worthy of its title and the matches in Sheffield, Manchester and Leeds were a huge success.[10]

Clarke's touring team continued for several years to showcase the best players of the day and the venture became very profitable, especially for the entrepreneurial Clarke, who was careful to pay his players more than MCC did to keep them interested. He kept the surplus for himself and became very wealthy.[10] John Arlott wrote of him: "He was the first man to make a fortune out of cricket; he was, also, the first to see that a fortune was to be made out of it."[11] Because of its strength, the AEE generally played sides composed of twenty-two men, though these odds were reduced when opposed to such sides as Sheffield, Manchester, some county teams and the rival United All-England Eleven.[citation needed]

References

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  1. ^ Altham, H S (1962). A History of Cricket, Volume 1 (to 1914). George Allen & Unwin. p. 79.
  2. ^ "History". Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club. Archived from the original on 26 January 2013. Retrieved 21 April 2013.
  3. ^ Birley, pp. 83, 367.
  4. ^ History. Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club
  5. ^ William Clarke. CricketArchive .
  6. ^ CricketArchive – match scorecard. Retrieved on 1 December 2008.
  7. ^ CricInfo article. Retrieved on 1 December 2008.
  8. ^ CricketArchive – match scorecard. Retrieved on 1 December 2008.
  9. ^ Birley, p.84.
  10. ^ a b c d Birley, p.85.
  11. ^ Arlott on Cricket, edited by David Rayvern Allen, Fontana/Collins, 1985 edition, ISBN 0-00-637007-1, p40.

Cited sources

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  • Birley, Derek (1999). A Social History of English Cricket. Aurum.

Further reading

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  • Sutton, JF (1852). The Date-Book of Remarkable and Memorable Events Connected with Nottingham and its Neighbourhood: 1750–1850. Simpkin & Marshall.
  • West Norwood Cemetery's Sportsmen, Friends of West Norwood Cemetery[1], 1995
[edit]
Sporting positions
Preceded by
Inaugural
 Nottinghamshire County cricket captain
1830–1855 		Succeeded by
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