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Timeline of women in Antarctica

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The first women at the South Pole were Pamela Young, Jean Pearson, Lois Jones, Eileen McSaveney, Kay Lindsay and Terry Tickhill on 12 November 1969. Rear Admiral David F. Welch is in the middle.

This is a Timeline of women in Antarctica. This article describes many of the firsts and accomplishments that women from various countries have accomplished in different fields of endeavor on the continent of Antarctica.

650s

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650

1770s

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1773

1776-1777

1830s

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1833

1839

  • An unnamed female castaway who later traveled on the Eliza Scott and Sabrina journeyed "within sight of the continent."[1]

1930s

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1931

  • Norwegian Ingrid Christensen and her companion, Mathilde Wegger, were the first recorded women to see Antarctica.[4]

1935

1937

  • Christensen landed at Scullin Monolith, becoming the first woman to set foot on the Antarctic mainland, followed by her daughter, Augusta Sofie Christensen, and two other women: Lillemor Rachlew, and Solveig Widerøe.[6][7][8]

1940s

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1947

1947-1948

1950s

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1956

  • Geologist Maria Klenova of the Soviet Union was the first woman to begin scientific work in Antarctica.[13] Klenova helped create the first Antarctic atlas.[14]
  • Jennie Darlington publishes her book about spending a year in Antarctica called My Antarctic Honeymoon.[15]

1957

1959-1960

1960s

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The first female Argentinian scientists in Antarctica during 1968

1960

  • Artist Nel Law is the first Australian woman to set foot in Antarctica, landing at Mawson and visiting in an unofficial capacity.[17]

1968

  • The first group of female scientists conducted research in Antarctica.[18] They included biologist Irene Bernasconi, bacteriologist Maria Adela Caria, biologist Elena Martinez Fontes and Carmen Pujals, a specialist in algae.[19] This made Bernasconi the first woman to lead an Antarctic expedition. She was aged 72 at the time.[20]
  • The first New Zealand woman to visit the mainland of Antarctica was Marie Darby.[21]

1969

1970s

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1970

  • Engineer Irene C. Peden is the first United States woman to work in the interior of Antarctica.[24]

1971

  • New Zealand limnologist Ann Chapman leads a biological survey of frozen lakes in the Taylor Valley, becoming the first woman to lead an Antarctic expedition.[25]

1973

  • Duke University Group includes technicians Hana Pinshow, the first Israeli woman to set foot on the continent, and Katy Muzik.[citation needed]

1974

1974-1975

  • First women civilian contractors on Antarctica were Elena Marty and Jan Boyd.[12]

1975

1975-1976

  • Mary Alice McWhinnie is the first woman scientist to work at Palmer Station.[12]
  • The first three Australian women to visit the continent of Antarctica in an official capacity -Elizabeth Chipman, Jutta Hösel and Shelagh Robinson visit Casey station for the summer.[28]

1976

1977

  • Meher Moos becomes the first Indian woman to visit Antarctica.[30]

1978

  • Silvia Morello de Palma of Argentina is the first woman to give birth on Antarctica on January 7.[31]
  • Margaret Winslow of the United States is the first woman to lead an expedition to Livingston Island, Antarctica

1979

  • First year the United States Navy advertises for "qualified female volunteers to over-winter in Antarctica."[32]

1978-1979

1980s

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1981

1983

1984

1985

  • First woman married at the South Pole is Patricia Manglicmot to Randall Chambers.[11]
  • The first women to winter-over at Palmer Station were Ann Wylette and Becky Heimark.[12]
  • Thea de Moel is the first Dutch woman to reach Antarctica as a crew member aboard the 'Footsteps of Scott Expedition' ship Southern Quest.

1986

1987

  • Elizabeth Chipman publishes Women on the Ice: A History of Women in the Far South.[15]

1988

1987-1988

1988-1989

  • Alison J. Clifton commands the Macquarie Island station, becoming the first woman to lead a sub-Antarctic base.[40]

1989

1989-1990

1990s

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In-Young Ahn at King Sejong Station in 2015; she led this station in 1991

1990-1991

1991

1992

1993

  • Ann Bancroft leads the first all-woman expedition to the South Pole and becomes the first woman to reach both the South and North Pole.[40]

1994

1996

1996-1997

1997-1998

  • Four Ukrainian women overwintered in Antarctica at Ukrainian research station Vernadsky Research Base as part of the 2nd country's Antarctic expedition: geophysicist Maryna Orlova, meteorologists Svitlana Krakovska and Lyudmyla Mankivska, and cook Galyna Kolotnytska.[49]

2000s

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2000

  • Zhao Ping and Lin Qing are the first Chinese women to over-winter at Antarctica.[50]
  • Fiona Thornewill and Catharine Hartley become the first British women to walk to the South Pole on foot.
  • Caroline Hamilton and four other women become the first British women to ski to the South Pole as an all-women expedition.[51]

2001

2003

2004

  • Fiona Thornewill became first British woman to ski solo and unsupported to the South Pole in a record breaking 41 days.[9]
  • Linda Beilharz is the first Australian woman to ski to the South Pole.[54]
  • Jackie Ronne publishes her memoirs about her year in Antarctica called Antarctica's First Lady: Memoirs of the First American Woman to Set Foot on the Antarctic Continent and Winter-Over as a Member of a Pioneering Expedition.[15]

2005

2006

2007

  • Clare O'Leary is the first Irish woman to reach the South Pole.[60]
  • Sarah Ames of Germany is the first woman to complete a marathon on all seven continents.[61]

2008

  • Sumiyo Tsuzuki is the first Japanese woman to reach the South Pole.[62]

2009

2010s

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Felicity Ashton in Antarctica

2010

  • Meagan McGrath becomes the first Canadian to ski solo, unassisted and unsupported, to the South Pole.[67]
  • First woman from Kuwait on Antarctica is Maryam al-Joan.[68]
  • First African-American woman to reach the South Pole is Barbara Hillary on January 6. She is also the first African-American woman to have been to both poles.[69]

2012

  • Felicity Ashton of the United Kingdom is the first person to ski alone across Antarctica, using only her own muscle power. She is also the first woman to cross Antarctica alone.[70]
  • The first woman to climb Mount Sidley was sixteen-year-old Romanian Crina Coco Popescu.[71]
  • Zeena Al Towayya is the first Omani woman, and Sahar Al Shamrani is the first Saudi woman to travel to Antarctica.[72]

2014

2013

  • On December 27, Maria Leijerstam from the United Kingdom became the first person in the world to cycle to the South Pole from the edge of the Antarctic Continent.

2016

2018

  • On January 8, Feng Jing, aged 36, became the first Chinese woman to reach the South Pole by skis.
  • Linda (Marie) Eketoft, a lawyer and writer from Sweden, became the first woman to Heliski Antarctica on 14 December 2018.[citation needed]

2019

  • On December 9, Tynthia (Tia) King became the second African American to reach the South Pole.[citation needed]

2020s

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2020

[edit]
  • On January 25, Feng Jing, aged 38, became the first person to ever reach the Antarctic Pole of Inaccessibility by foot, travelling over 1,800 kilometers.
  • Anja Blacha set the record for the longest solo, unsupported, and unassisted polar expedition by a woman.[75][76]

2022

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  • Preet Chandi became the first woman of color to reach the South Pole solo and unsupported[77][78] when she completed a solo expedition across Antarctica to the South Pole, finishing on 3 January 2022.[79][80][81]

See also

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References

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Citations

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d Hulbe, Wang & Ommanney 2010, p. 947.
  2. ^ Wood, Niamh (2023-11-08). "The Fascinating History of Antarctic Explorers". Aurora Expeditions™. Retrieved 2024-08-31.
  3. ^ Roldan, Gabriela (2010). "Changes in the Contributions of Women to Antarctic National Programmes" (PDF). PCAS 13 Review. hdl:10092/13909. Retrieved 30 August 2016.
  4. ^ Blackadder 2015, p. 172.
  5. ^ "Women in Antarctica: Sharing this Life-Changing Experience", transcript of speech by Robin Burns, given at the 4th Annual Phillip Law Lecture; Hobart, Tasmania, Australia; 18 June 2005. Retrieved 5 August 2010.
  6. ^ "The first woman in Antarctica". www.antarctica.gov.au. Australian Antarctic Division. 2012. Retrieved 2016-06-27.
  7. ^ Jesse, Blackadder (2013-01-01). "Illuminations : casting light upon the earliest female travellers to Antarctica". Western Sydney University Thesis Collection.
  8. ^ Bogen, H. (1957). Main events in the history of Antarctic exploration. Sandefjord: Norwegian Whaling Gazette, page 85
  9. ^ a b c d Gammon, Katharine (28 March 2012). "7 Extreme Explorers". Live Science. Retrieved 24 August 2016.
  10. ^ Stewart, John (1990). Antarctica: An Encyclopedia. Vol. II. McFarland. ISBN 0899505988.
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  12. ^ a b c d e f g h "Famous Firsts". The Antarctic Sun. United States Antarctic Program. 13 November 2009. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
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  14. ^ "Antarctic Women Then & Now". The Antarctic Book of Cooking and Cleaning. Retrieved 27 August 2016.
  15. ^ a b c "Polar Women Books". Laura Kay. Retrieved 30 August 2016.
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  17. ^ a b c Blackadder, Jesse (2013). "Heroines of the Ice". Australian Geographic (113). Retrieved 29 August 2016 – via EBSCOhost.
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  77. ^ "Polar Preet conquers South Pole close to world record". army.mod.uk. Ministry of Defence. 3 January 2022. Retrieved 4 January 2022.
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Sources

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