Tamil Americans
தமிழ் அமெரிக்கர்கள் | |
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 The language spread of Tamil in the United States according to U. S. Census 2000 | |
| Total population | |
| 356,924 (0.1%) People speak the language in the USA[1] | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Languages | |
| Religion | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
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Tamil Americans (Tamil: தமிழ் அமெரிக்கர்கள், romanized: tamiḻ amerikkarkaḷ) are Americans who are of Tamil origin. The majority of Tamil Americans come from the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Significant minorities are from other Indian states like Karnataka, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, etc., as well as from other countries like Sri Lanka, Malaysia, and Singapore.
In 2000, the number of Tamil speakers in the US numbered approximately 50,000 individuals. By 2010 the number surged to 127,892 and grew to 293,907 by 2022.[2] The growth of the Tamil population in the United States is attributed to the H-1B visa program, and the presence of a large number of Tamil students studying in American universities.
Demographics
[edit]In the second half of the 20th century, Tamils from India migrated as skilled professionals to the United States, Canada, Europe, and Southeast Asia. The Tamil American population exceeds 1,500,000 individuals.[3] The Federation of Tamil Sangams of North America functions as an umbrella organization for the growing community.[4]
Central New Jersey is home to the largest population concentration of Tamil Americans. Sizeable populations of Indian American Tamils have also settled in New York City, and New Jersey and New York house separate Tamil Sangams.[5] The Washington, D.C. metropolitan area and the Research Triangle area on the East Coast as well as Silicon Valley on the West Coast also have Tamil associations.[6][7]
The New York City and Los Angeles metropolitan areas are home to the largest concentrations of Tamil-speaking Sri Lankan Americans.[8][9][10] New York City's Staten Island alone is estimated to be home to more than 5,000 Sri Lankan Americans,[11] one of the largest Sri Lankan populations outside Sri Lanka itself,[12] and a significant proportion of whom speak Tamil.
Language
[edit]The Indian Tamil community in the United States is largely bilingual. Tamil is taught in weekly classes in many Hindu temples and by associations such as the American Tamil Academy in South Brunswick, New Jersey and the Tamil Jersey School in Jersey City.[13][14]
The language's written form is highly formal and quite distinct from the spoken form. A few universities, such as the University of Chicago and the University of California, Berkeley, have graduate programs in the language.[15]
Religion
[edit]The Indian Tamil community is majority-wise connected to the Hindu community. In most Hindu temples in the United States, the prayers are in Sanskrit. However, in North Brunswick, New Jersey, the "Tamil Temple" ("Tamil Annai Thirukkoyil") conducts all the prayers in the Tamil language. The Hindu Temple in Houston, Texas, is dedicated to Meenakshi, a manifestation of the goddess Parvathi. There are also active Tamil Christian and Muslim minorities, as well as Jains and Buddhists. Tamil Muslims also hold a Tamil Muslim Community Sangam-Iman America/QMFUSA[16]
Notable people
[edit]| Lists of Americans |
|---|
| By US state |
| By ethnicity |
Academia
[edit]- Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar – Astrophysicist and Nobel laureate
- Raj Chetty – Economist, professor of economics at Harvard University renowned for his research on equality of opportunity in the United States
- G. V. Loganathan – Professor and a victim of the Virginia Tech massacre
- C. Mohan – Computer scientist
- Sendhil Mullainathan – Economist, Harvard professor
- Sethuraman Panchanathan – Executive Vice President, Knowledge Enterprise Development and Chief Research Innovation Officer at Arizona State University
- Arogyaswami Paulraj – Wireless researcher, winner of Marconi Prize
- V. S. Ramachandran – Physician, neuroscientist, director of the Center for Brain and Cognition at the University of California, San Diego
- Venkatraman Ramakrishnan – Structural biologist and Nobel laureate
- Maya Shankar – Scientist
- Siva Sivananthan – Academic, scientist, businessman and Director of the Microphysics Laboratory at the University of Illinois at Chicago
- Subra Suresh - Former President of Carnegie Mellon University
- Stanley Jeyaraja Tambiah – Social anthropologist
- S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan – Mathematician
- Sudhir Venkatesh – Sociologist and urban ethnographer
Arts & Entertainment
[edit]- Ashok Amritraj – Indian-American film producer
- Aziz Ansari – Actor and stand-up comedian
- Sunkrish Bala – Actor
- Maitreyi Ramakrishnan - Actress
- Jay Chandrasekhar – Actor and director
- Vijay Iyer – Pianist
- Poorna Jagannathan – Actress and producer
- Clarence Jey – Record producer and songwriter
- Mindy Kaling – Actress
- Padma Lakshmi - Author, actress, model, television host
- Mary Anne Mohanraj – Writer
- Sendhil Ramamurthy - Film and television actor
- M. Night Shyamalan – Film director
- S. J. Sindu – Writer
- Rajan Somasundaram – Music composer, songwriter and multi instrumentalist
- Prashanth Venkataramanujam – Actor, television writer, and producer; head writer and producer of Patriot Act
- Divya Victor – Poet
Business
[edit]- Krishna Bharat – Computer scientist; founder of Google News
- Vasant Narasimhan - chief executive officer (CEO) of Novartis
- Indra Nooyi – chairwoman and former CEO of PepsiCo Incorporated
- Sundar Pichai - chief executive officer (CEO) of Google
- C. K. Prahalad – Late world-renowned management guru
- Raghuram Rajan – Economist, winner of Fischer Black Prize
- Ram Shriram – Billionaire venture capitalist
- Raj Rajaratnam – Founder of Galleon Group
- Chandrika Tandon – Businesswoman and artist
News & Journalism
[edit]- Sukanya Krishnan – News anchor
- Hari Sreenivasan – Broadcast journalist
Politics & Law
[edit]- Kamala Harris – Vice President of the United States
- Maya Harris – Lawyer, public policy advocate, and television commentator
- Raja Krishnamoorthi – U.S. Representative from Illinois
- Pramila Jayapal – U.S. Representative from Washington
- Susheela Jayapal – County commissioner for Mulltnomah County, Oregon
- Nimi McConigley – Former U.S. Representative from Wyoming
- Visvanathan Rudrakumaran - Prime Minister of the Transnational Government of Tamil Eelam, former legal advisor for the Tamil Tigers
- Sri Srinivasan – United States circuit judge
- Savita Vaidhyanathan – Politician, former mayor of Cupertino
- Vivek Ramaswamy – Entrepreneur, author and candidate in the 2024 Republican Party presidential primaries from Ohio
Religion
[edit]- Ananda Coomaraswamy – Philosopher & Historian
Sports
[edit]- Vijay Amritraj – Indian-American tennis player and commentator
References
[edit]- ^ https://data.census.gov/table/ACSDT1Y2023.B16001?q=bengali&hidePreview=false&vintage=2018
- ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved 2023-11-01.
- ^ US Census 2006–2008 American Community Survey See Row# 125
- ^ "ABOUT FETNA". Federation of Tamil Sangams of North America. Archived from the original on 2013-01-16. Retrieved 2013-04-01.
- ^ "New Jersey Tamil Sangam". Archived from the original on 2010-09-02. Retrieved 2010-09-05.
- ^ Bay Area Tamil Manram
- ^ "Tamils of Northern California". Tamils of Northern California - வடகலிபோர்னிய தமிழர்கள். 2023-10-21. Retrieved 2023-11-01.
- ^ "Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2012 Supplemental Table 2". U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Retrieved 2013-03-31.
- ^ "Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2011 Supplemental Table 2". U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Retrieved 2013-03-31.
- ^ "Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2010 Supplemental Table 2". U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Retrieved 2013-03-31.
- ^ Kirk Semple (2013-06-08). "Sri Lankans have gathered on Staten Island,..." The New York Times. Retrieved 2013-06-09.
- ^ "Why Staten Island?". Little Sri Lanka. Retrieved 2015-07-25.
- ^ See "School offers Tamil language classes" Sentinel Sept. 4, 2014
- ^ Holy Haber (December 2016). "D-FW donors give biggest contribution to Harvard chair in Tamil literature". Retrieved December 13, 2018.
- ^ Vasudha Narayanan, "Tamils" in David Levinson and Melvin Ember, eds. American immigrant cultures: builders of a nation (1997). p. 878.
- ^ Narayanan, "Tamils," p. 877.
Further reading
[edit]- Fuller, C. J. & Haripriya Narasimhan (2014). Tamil Brahmans: The Making of a Middle-Class Caste. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 9780226152882.
- Narayanan, Vasudha, "Tamils" in David Levinson and Melvin Ember, ed. (1997). American immigrant cultures: builders of a nation. Simon & Schuster Macmillan. pp. 874–79.
- Underwood, Kelsey Clark (1986). Negotiating Tamil Identity in India and the United States. PhD thesis, University of California, Berkeley.
- Underwood, Kelsey Clark. "Image and Identity: Tamils' Migration to the United States." Papers Kroeber Anthropological Society (1986): 65
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