Talk:Hindi literature

Hindi literature today

Shailendra is well known contemporary Hindi poet and a powerful critic. His poetry is not only passionate and touchy but most of the time it helps to understand one self at large being subjective and objective both at a time. So every one finds himself in within it. It is satiristic and witty also.It catches a reader like a good friend of him. That is why readability and readership of his poetry is maximum in young hindi world. Same time Shailendra is a sharp and intelligent critic too. His criticism is so wonderful and simple that it analyse everything in very wide but real perspective of human life, nature and dreams of well being of world.

Published works of Shailendra are :

Nau Rupaye Bees paise ke Liye, Swetpatra, Aur Kitane Prakashvarsh, Eashwar Kee Chaukhat par (all Poetry collections),Nahin yah koee kahani nahin (short story collection), Paanv Zameen par, (Memoirs/Essay/Reportaaz). Editing and Publishing a literary magazine 'Dharati'.

Some of his poems are given below :

1) Emotions in exile

Kanchanjungha The highest peak looks from India silver-white, radiant

Snow-covered Himalaya wakes up with sunrise turns gigantic One morning I saw the dawn from Tiger Hills

Severe waiting The recurrence of rays intermittently The Sun shrouded in misty clouds appears all of a sudden radiates all-over the valley

Tall trees Vast greenery A Tibetan Refugee Camp The hands of women knitting carpets

Children quaffing their noses Monks praying with beads Preacher lama This too a tourist place in Darjeeling

The sound of a Tibetan song The emotions in exile The Sun is going down Dusk is falling The Sun sets in Darjeeling

2) In her reach

It's day-break It's hotter under the sun

A woman with a bundle of sticks on her head is proceeding towards the town

Along side fields The imprints come up of her barefooted walk with a confidence that tomorrow’s bread is in her reach

Bread that's bread only and nothing else No sensation, no frustration, no expiration All assimilated in the bread

When there will be bid for sticks Maybe people bid for that woman also

She won't understand anything Her total consciousness revolves around sticks Whatever else happening beyond she cares a damn

Attached with every piece of stick her imagination has become a complete resolution like a bundle

(Translated by Balkrishna kabra from Hindi)

Shailendra Chauhan (b 1954) is a Bachelor of Electrical Engineering. He works as Deputy General Manager in a Public Sector Undertaking of Govt. of India.

He writes poems, short stories, criticism of Hindi literature. He also writes in English. His published works are:

Poetry Collections: 1) Nau Rupaye Bees Paise Ke Liye (1983), Parimal Prakashan, Allahabad 2) Swet Patra (2002), Sanghamitra Prakashan, Vidisha (MP) 3) Eashwar Kee Chaukhat par (2004), Shabdalok Prakashan, Delhi

Short Stories: 1) Nahin yah koee Kahani nahin, Sharada Prakashan, Allahabad

Memoirs/Essay/Reportaaz 1) Paanv Zameen par (2010), Bodhi Prakashan, Jaipur

Biography: 1) Freedom Fighter Sh Kundan Lal Gupta 2) Thakur Mahaveer Singh

He has been editing an unscheduled little Magazine “Dharati” since 1979. He regularly contributes to literary Hindi magazines/webzines.

He lives in Jaipur and can be reached at his emails : [email protected] or [email protected] — Preceding unsigned comment added by 119.226.253.165 (talk) 09:30, 31 January 2013 (UTC)

The said Talk page is about Hindi Literature and particularly about Hindi Poet and critic "Shailendra Chauhan". In Hindi poetry "Shailendra Chauhan" is known for the sensible and touchy poems. His poetry collections viz; 'Swetpatra' and 'Eashwar kee chaukhat par' were read and discussed on many forums in length. So the discussion should be focussed to desired topic only. Any thing about shailendra chauhan will be welcomed and appreciated.

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"ARTICLE"

""MUNSHI PREMCHAND""

1. Shailendra Chauhan

A pioneer of modern Hindi and Urdu social fiction, Munshi Premchand’s real name was Dhanpat Rai. He wrote nearly 300 stories and novels. Among his best known novels are: Sevasadan, Rangmanch, Gaban, Nirmala and Godan. Much of Premchand’s best work is to be found among his 250 or so short stories, collected in Hindi under the title Manasarovar.Three of his novels have been made into films.Premchand’s literary career started as a freelancer in Urdu. He was born at Lamahi near Banaras (now Varanasi) on 31st July,1880. His father Munshi Ajaib Lal was a clerk in the postal department. Premchand’s early education was in a madarsa under a maulvi, where he learnt Urdu. Premchand was only eight years old when his mother died. His grandmother took the responsibility of raising him but she too died soon. He was married when he was 15 and in the 9th grade . His father also died and after passing the intermediate he had to stop his study. He got a job as a teacher in the primary school. In 1919, he passed his B.A., with English, Persian and History. After a series of promotions he became Deputy Inspectors of Schools. In response to Mahatma Gandhi’s call of non-cooperation with the British he quit his job. After that he devoted his full attention to writing. His first story appeared in the magazine Zamana published from Kanpur.In his early short stories he depicted the patriotic upsurge that was sweeping the land in the first decade of the past century. Soz-e-Watan, a collection of patriotic stories published by Premchand in 1907, attracted the attention of the British Government In 1914, when Premchand switched over to Hindi, he had already established his reputation as a fiction writer in Urdu. While writing Urdu novels and short stories he emphasised in presenting the realities of life and he made the Indian villages his theme of writing. His novels describe the problems of the urban middle-class and the country’s villages and their problems. He also emphasised on the Hindu-Muslim unity. His famous works include Godan, Maidan-e-Amal, Bay-wah, Chaugaan etc.It would not be wrong to say that Premchand was the Father of Urdu short- stories. Short stories or afsanas were started by Premchand. As with his novels, his afsanas also mirror the society that he lived in. With a simple and flowing writing some of his works depict excellent use of satire and humour. His later works used very simple words and he started including Hindi words too to honestly potray his characters. His famous afsanas are Qaatil Ki Maan, Zewar Ka Dibba, Gilli Danda, Eidgaah, Namak Ka Daroga and Kafan. His collected stories have been published as Prem Pachisi, Prem Battisi, Wardaat and Zaad-e-Raah. Premchand was the first Hindi author to introduce realism in his writings. He pioneered the new form - fiction with a social purpose.He supplemented Gandhiji’s work in the political and social fields by adopting his revolutionary ideas as themes for his literary writings. Besides being a great novelist,Premchand was also a social reformer and thinker.His greatness lies in the fact that his writings embody social purpose and social criticism rather than mere entertainment. Literature according to him is a powerful means of educating public opinion.He believed in social evolution and his ideal was equal opportunities for all.Premchand died in 1936 and has since been studied both in India and abroad as one of the greatest writers of the century.

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ARTICLE

""Gajanan Madhav Muktibodh"" Pioneer of modern poetry in India

"Shailendra Chauhan"

Gajanan Madhav Muktibodh is widely considered one of the pioneers of modern poetry in India, and doyen of Hindi poetry after, Surya Kant Tripathi 'Nirala', and known as being a pioneer, the mainstay of Prayogvaad ie; Experimentalism movement of Hindi literature and it was also his work, which also marked the culmination of this literary movement and its evolution into the Nayi Kahani and Nayi Kavita Modernism in 1950s, his presence is equally important in the rise of 'New Criticism' in Indian literature. Muktibodh was born in a small town of Madhya Pradesh. He started out as an important poet, being published in the first three volumes of Tar Saptak, series of anthologies (1943), which marked a transition in Hindi literature, from the prevalent (Chhayavaad) movement; this led to the initiation of Prayogvaad Experimentalism in Hindi poetry, and developing along with (Pragativaad) Progressivism, eventually led to the creation of the 'Nayi Kahani' (New Story) movement, Modernism . He is best known for his long poems:Brahma-rakshasa, Chand ka Muh Teda hai (The Moon Wears a Crooked Smile), Andhere Mein (In the Dark) and Bhuri Bhuri Khak Dhul (The Brown Dry Dust) ; his complete works extending to 6 volumes, were published in 1980, as Muktibodh Rachnavali. 'Brahma-rakshas' is considered his most influential work in experimental poems, noted for the use of archetypal imagery, and the stark depiction of the contemporary intellectual, who gets so lost in his own sense of perfectionism, unending calculations, and subjective interpretation of the external reality that soon he loses touch with the reality itself, and eventually dies and fades away like dead bird. His first individual book was published in 1964, when he was on his death-bed: [Chand Ka Muh Teda Hai. Although Muktibodh could not manage to get his works published, as a book in his lifetime, he was one of the contributing poets to the first three volumes of Tar Saptak, a series of path-breaking poetry anthologies, edited by Ajneya."Bhoori Bhoori Khak Dhool"is the collection of his remaining poems.His complete work is available as 'Muktibodh Rachnavali"edited by Nemichand Jain. He is considered a bridge between the Progressive movement in Hindi poetry and the Nayi Kavita (Modern Poetry) movement. Muktibodh made a name for himself in the field of criticism as well, with his strong views on the upper caste influence on the disintegration of Bhakti movement in India, which he viewed a lower caste uprising against the hegemony upper caste. In literary criticism, he wrote a critical work on Kamayani of literary doyen, Jaishankar Prasad titled: Kamayani, Ek Punarvichar. Ek Sahityik ki Diary, first written for his column in the weekly Naya Khun, and later continued in the journal Vasudha, published from Jabalpur (1957–60), offers a glimpse of his literary and socio-political criticism, and insights into his way of thinking, and was first published in 1964. It is most noted for the article,Teesra Kshana (Third Moment), where he shows his preference for the hypothesis of three successive stages in the creative process, of inspiration, impersonalisation and expression, rather than a single moment of inspiration. His work was deeply influenced by his viewpoints of Marxism, Socialism and Existentialism, and carried an innate expression of his deep discontent, heightened by his virulent imagery. He continued to show his progressive streak even after the disintegration of the Progressive Writers' Movement after 1953; and, through the rest of his career, he along with writers like, Yashpal, continued his ideological fight against modernist and formalist trends in Hindi literature. His brilliance was recognised by the literary world after the posthumous publication of 'Chand Ka Munha Tedha Hai', the first collection of his poems, in the early 1960s. Ever since, the book has run into several editions, and is recognised as a modern classic. In his memory, Madhya Pradesh Sahitya Parishad, has instituted the annual MuktiBodh Puraskar.

Address : 34/242, Sector-3, Pratapnagar, Jaipur-302033 (INDIA) Mob ; 91 7838897877

Shailendra Chauhan : A Poet with poetic aesthetics

INTRODUCTION :

Shailendra Chauhan was born and brought up in Uttar Pradesh/ Madhya Pradesh. His father was a primary school teacher in Vidisha. shailendra completed his education from Vidisha. He did Bachelor of Engineering in Electrical branch from SATI in 1978.He joined as lecturer in SATI Polytechnic and served for two years then he shifted to MSEB. After leaving MSEB in 1982 he came to Allahabad in company Best & Crompton Ltd and involved in literary activties with full enthuiasm. He joined NTPC in 1984 in Allahabad itself after that he came to Kanpur on further posting.

COLLECTIONS :

His first poetry collection "Nau Rupaye Bees Paise ke liye" published in the year 1983 by Parimal prakashan.Same year he edited and published an issue of Dharati magazine focussing on Trilochan Shashtri who was conferred academy award for his poetry collection "Taap ke taaye huye din" The issue was unique and appreciated by readers at large. After ninteen years a poetry collection 'Swetpatra' was published from Sangh mitra prakashan, Vidisha (2002). Another collection "Aur Kitane Prakashvarsh" came in 2003 from Progressive publisher Nagpur. A thoughtful and penetrating poems were included in collection "Eashwar kee Chaukhat par" which got published in 2004.(shabdalok prakashan, Delhi). Recently one fiction book based on childhood memoirs "Paaon Zameen par" has been published from Bodhi Prakashan, Jaipur.

ON MOVE :

In year 1984 Shailendra shifted Kanpur from Allahabad. In Kanpur he came in contact with well known sharp left critic Hrishikesh and continued to write poems and short stories and comments in various magazines. Thereafter he met with Giriraj Kishor wellknown story and novel writer. For another two-three years he remained in close contact of veteran poet and play writer Mannu lal sharma "Sheel"

After Kanpur Shailendra shifted to Moradabad in year 1988 famous for brasswares where from he travelled in the valley of Kumaanyun and Garhwal.Poet Maheshwar Tiwari, Veteran Parsian theatre artist Master Fida Hussain, Dheerendra Pratap Singh professor of Hindu college, Mool Chand Gautam, Veeren Dangwal,T Machchi Reddy, Vachaspati, Balli Singh Cheema and artist Haripal Tyagi were among the friends and guide of Shailendra. They were loving him as younger brother.

Just after one year Shailendra again got transferred from Moradabad to Kota where he started a new inning along with Play writer and activist Shivram. Because of failure in political game these days Shivram was disappointed and quiet, Shailendra was full of enthusiasm and creativity so Shivram and his team again geared up with cultural and social enthusiasm. They became very close and a new era of cultural activities started.

The next destination for Shailendra was Jaipur the pink city, a great historical place of Mughal era. He was willing to be in Jaipur since long. I don't know why? What was the attraction but he was very much eager to be in Jaipur. He stayed in Jaipur for about four years from 1990 to 1994 but very unsatisfied and much disturbed in his literary life. But most of the beautiful poems those afterwards published in his two collections "Swetpatra" and "Eashwar kee chaukhat par" were written here only. After office hours Shailendra use to be in small balcony of his first floor rented house sitting on chair wrote many a beautiful poems.

In 1994 he got transferred in a village where a NTPC Power Project was set up near Ghaziabad.It was not a good change for him but it was a change which was necessary for wanderer like him.Here his literary activities totally stopped only positive thing was that he could prepare his script of short stories that published in 1996 from Sharada Prakashan, Allahabad with title "Nahin yah koee kahani nahin"

Now his next destination was Faridabad. It was the time when Shailendra was a bit desperate about his literary activities. He was keeping mum to say anything about his contributions.He use to send some letters to editors of various Hindi and English dailes regarding social and political deteriorations particulrly in Indian polity. It was year 1995. After some time he came in close contact with Prakash Manu who was in very much in lime light for his recently published novels 'Ye jo Dilli hai'and 'Katha Circus'. He inspired Shailendra to write reviews of books in Sameeksha. Shailendra restored his writing again. Here one Shri Bhuvanesh Kumar got that much influenced with Shailendra's poems that he published a small magazine Kavita solely focussing on Shailendra.Many articles, poems and stories got published in many literary magazines during his stay at Faridabad.

In 1998 Shailendra got shifted to Bhadravati in Chandrapur Dist of Maharashtra state. Many poems were composed during his stay at Bhadravati. Besides that many literary articles and criticism of literary books also pulished in various magazines and newspapers. He also wrote about tribals of vidarbh area. In year 2000 Shailendra came to Nagpur where he made a strong bridge between Marathi and Hindi writers. He became active in social circle and frequently participated in such seminars and workshops. From Nagpur he coordinated a cultural front 'Vikalp' and a literary movement 'Sajha Sanskritik Abhiyan'. During his stay at Nagpur two poetry collections were published viz; Aur Kitane Prakashvarsh (Progressive Publication Nagpur) and 'Eashwar kee chaukaht par' (Shabdalok Prakashan, Delhi),in 2004. These books were came after long time as his first collection was published in 1983 from Allahabad. In Nagpur he was also associated with 'Samanya jan sandesh' a thoughtful magazine. He edited a very good issue on writer "Shri Rambriksh Benipuri". He also wrote biographies of revolutionary freedom fighters viz; Mahavir Singh and Kundanlal Gupt.

Now it was time to move again. In mid 2005 he got transferred in avery small village of Dhar district of Madhya Pradesh. Ther he worked in tribals of Narmada valley in districts Dhar, Budwani and Jhabua. He wrote on tribals hardships. Same time he also wrote on historical places like 'Mandu'. In Dec 2006 he moved in the Narmada valley of Gujarat ie; Narmada district (Rajpipla). This was also a tribal belt and most disputed Sardar Sarovar Dam was falling in this district. It became very firtile land for composing new poems. Again in mid 2008 Shailendra moved to 'Baran' in Rajasthan a border district of MP. There was 'Sahariya' tribe which attracted his attention and he organised a seminar calling all intellectuals of area to discuss about the life style of the tribals.

During this period one literary magazine "kramashah" focussed an eloborative special issue on Shailendra focussing his own writings and important write-ups about him by prominent hindi writers and his friends.

Again the next destination of Shailendra was Jammu, where he emerged as an inspiring figure for young writers. He got associated with Yuva 'Hindi Lekhak sangh' and actively participated in many programmes. He collected poems of young writers and make them to publish in literary magazines with his note/remarks. Fearlessly he wrote on Kashmir issue and admired by Kashmiri intellectuals. His own book " Paaon Zameen par" was releasd in Jammu where in apart from local writers wellknown novelist Punni Singh from Agra, Critique Vachaspati from Varanasi and senior poet Mohan Sapra from Jallandhar were joined and expressed their views about the book. Mohan sapra presented his analytical paper. The journey of Shailendra is going on and now a days he is in Delhi and watching the life and culture of metro town.

Compiled by Chandramauli Chandrakant, NIT Warangal AP

CONTRIBUTION :

Now a days in Hindi poetry "Shailendra Chauhan" is known for the sensible and touchy poems. His poetry collections viz; 'Swetpatra' and 'Eashwar kee chaukhat par' were read and discussed on many forums in length. Recently in Hindi India Today ( 10th May 2006 ) there is very short but beautiful review on later collection. He has been widely published and accepted by most of Hindi literary magazines such as Pahal, Vasudha, Ashay, Aksharparva, Abhivyakti, Kriti Oar, Prerana, Swadhinta, sahmat Muktanad, Sahi samajh etc. All the important Hindi newspapers also presesented him on various ocassions eg; Jansatta, Rashtriy Sahara. Amar Ujala, Dainik Bhaskar etc. Many poems have been placed on internet also whom one can get by searching on any popular search engine particularly 'google'.

Some of links I know I am pasting here for your reference and reading. www.hindinest.com/visheshank/02samaj/samaj15.htm www.hindinest.com/visheshank/02samaj/samaj16.htm www.anubhuti-hindi.org/sankalan/ guchchhe_bhar_amaltas/29may.htm www.anubhuti-hindi.org/kavi/ shailendra_chauhan/ek ghatna.htm www.abhivyakti-hindi.org/snibandh/2002/vigyan.htm http://www.sahityakunj.net/LEKHAK/Shailend...hauhan_main.htm

============================please find a proper reference first then write on wiki=====================

talk — Preceding unsigned comment added by 59.177.174.223 (talk) 11:58, 18 January 2015 (UTC)

I believe that, Hindi Literature was dying in the past few years. THe quality of writings produced by Munshi Premchand was no where found. I I though agree that the quantity of writers did increased in the past decade.

I request the author of this page to check www.salaamindia.net and do include it in this article. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 121.243.227.165 (talk) 05:38, 22 May 2015 (UTC)

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Merger proposal

Hello everyone! While reviewing the new articles at NPP I have come across History of modern Hindi prose which I believe can be merged with this article to keep up with other articles dedicated to literature. The information should be backed by sources - I will work on that. What do you think? Best, Less Unless (talk) 21:18, 13 June 2021 (UTC)

@Less Unless: Ok Merge it to Hindi literature.✨️Serious Black^@Contribute 04:23, 14 June 2021 (UTC)

• Looks like a merge may be helpful, but the target article is also in poor condition with regard to referencing. Maybe you could support the new user in the process and help them for future contributions. Keith D (talk) 10:36, 14 June 2021 (UTC)

Less Unless - Definitely merge any information you can find citations for. Onel5969 ^{TT me} 15:11, 27 July 2021 (UTC)

• Merge what can be sourced. At the moment History of modern Hindi prose is just a mostly unsourced opinion piece. Mccapra (talk) 05:17, 5 August 2021 (UTC)

Closing merge proposal; proposed incoming page no longer exists. Klbrain (talk) 09:56, 7 November 2021 (UTC)

How is Bhakti Kaal (Bhakti Period) attributed to Hindi?

During the Bhakti period various Dohas (Two Liners) and Bhajans (Worship songs) were written in Braj or Awadhi. Both of these are languages and not dialects because they had written literature. Hindi on the other hand is around 100 yrs old language, during the bhakti period the official language in the Mughal courts was Persian. Metacritical(talk) 04:39, 20 September 2022 (UTC)