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Sokolnicheskaya line

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Sokolnicheskaya line
Overview
LocaleMoscow
Termini
Stations27
Service
TypeRapid transit
SystemMoscow Metro
Operator(s)Moskovsky Metropoliten
Rolling stock81-717.5M/714.5M
81-740.1/741.1
81-765/766/767
81-765.4/766.4/767.4
History
Opened15 May 1935[1]
Technical
Line length47 kilometres (29 mi)[1]
CharacterAt-grade, underground, and elevated
Track gauge1,520 mm (4 ft 11 27⁄32 in)
ElectrificationThird rail
Route map

Legend
 Bulvar Rokossovskogo
Ground transferTransfer for #14 Moscow Central Circle at Bulvar Rokossovskogo
Cherkizovo yard
 Cherkizovskaya
Transfer for #14 Moscow Central Circle at Lokomotiv Vostochny Railway Terminal
 Preobrazhenskaya Ploshchad
Sokolniki
Transfer for #11 Bolshaya Koltsevaya line at Sokolniki
 Krasnoselskaya
Severnoye yard
 Komsomolskaya
Komsomolskaya Square Transfer for #5 Koltsevaya line at Komsomolskaya Ground transferTransfer for #D2 Line D2 (Moscow Central Diameters) at Kalanchyovskaya
 Krasnye Vorota
Chistye Prudy
Transfer for #6 Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya line at Turgenevskaya Transfer for #10 Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya line at Sretensky Bulvar
 Lubyanka
Transfer for #7 Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya line at Kuznetsky Most
 Okhotny Ryad
Transfer for #2 Zamoskvoretskaya line at Teatralnaya (Transfer for #3 Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line at Ploshchad Revolyutsii)
 Biblioteka Imeni Lenina
Transfer for #3 Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line at Arbatskaya Transfer for #4 Filyovskaya line at Aleksandrovsky SadTransfer for #4A Filyovskaya line at Aleksandrovsky Sad Transfer for #9 Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya line at Borovitskaya
 Kropotkinskaya
(Transfer for #8 Kalininskaya line at Volkhonka)
 Park Kultury
Transfer for #5 Koltsevaya line at Park Kultury
 Frunzenskaya
(Transfer for #17 Rublyovo-Arkhangelskaya line at Frunzenskaya)
 Sportivnaya
Ground transferTransfer for #14 Moscow Central Circle at Luzhniki
Luzhniki Metro Bridge
 Vorobyovy Gory
Moskva River Cable Car
Universitet
Prospekt Vernadskogo
Transfer for #11 Bolshaya Koltsevaya line at Prospekt Vernadskogo
 Yugo-Zapadnaya
Troparyovo
Rumyantsevo
Salaryevo
Solntsevo–Butovo–Warsaw Highway
 Filatov Lug
Prokshino
Olkhovaya
Novomoskovskaya
(Transfer for #16 Troitskaya line at Troitskaya line)
Stolbovo yard
Potapovo
This diagram:

The Sokolnicheskaya line (Russian: Соко́льническая ли́ния, IPA: [sɐˈkolʲnʲitɕɪskəjə ˈlʲinʲɪjə], formerly Kirovsko-Frunzenskaya (Ки́ровско-Фру́нзенская) (Line 1; Red Line) is a line of the Moscow Metro. It opened in 1935 and is the oldest in the system. There are currently 27 stations open on the line. As of 2024, the line is 47 kilometres (29 mi) long.[1]

History

[edit]

As the line was the first formal one in the system, its history of development coincides with the history of the Moscow Metro's first stage altogether. In short it was to cut Moscow on a northeast-southwest axis beginning at the Sokolniki Park and continuing through the Three railway terminals and then past the city centre's main traffic junctions: Red gate junction, Kirovskaya, the Lubyanka and the Manege Squares. From there, a separate branch carried off into the Arbat Street and later Kiyevsky railway station, before it became in 1938 the distinct Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line and, later, in 1958, the Filyovskaya line. The remaining part of the Frunzenskaya Branch went along the Kremlin's western wall past the Russian State Library to the future site of the Palace of the Soviets on the bank of the Moskva River and terminated near the Gorky Park.

Although Moscow Metro prides itself on the best Stalinist architecture and the earlier Art Deco attempts, the stations of the first stage are very far from those. Instead they have a very classical taste to them, which blends nicely with the neo-classical atmosphere of the mid-1930s. It is also true that the overall construction of these early stations allowed the palaces of the 1940s and 1950s to evolve from them. Most of these stations are now officially listed as architectural heritage.[citation needed]

Further development was seen in the latter half of the 1950s during the construction of the Frunzensky radius. The line extended into the Khamovniki District in 1957 coming up to Luzhniki Stadium and then in 1959 reached the Moscow State University on the Sparrow Hills. This required crossing the Moskva river on a combined auto and Metro bridge including a station on it. However, due to the necessity of reconstruction in 1984, the station was closed, and not reopened until 2002. The Frunzensky radius was completed in 1964 upon the last extension into the new bedroom communities along the Vernadsky Avenue of southwestern Moscow.

At the opposite end, there were two extensions: one in 1965 across the Yauza River (also via an open bridge) to Preobrazhenskaya Square, and another in 1990 into the Bogorodskoye District.

Recent developments and future plans

[edit]

Presently the line has the oldest structures in operation, and thus several renovations have been carried out systematically. Recent changes include a second entrance to Kropotkinskaya in 1998, major lighting enhancements to Okhotny Ryad and Kropotkinskaya.

In the south, Metro completed an extension of the line from Yugo-Zapadnaya in 2016, adding Troparyovo in December 2014, Rumyantsevo in January 2016, and Salaryevo in February 2016.[2] Metro is an 11.6 km extension to the town of Kommunarka on June 20, 2019, with the construction of four stations: Filatov Lug, Prokshino, Olkhovaya, and Kommunarka (later renamed Novomoskovskaya). Novomoskovskaya will allow transfers to the Troitskaya line in 2023[3] (later delayed to 2024).[4] The city released initial station designs for Olkhovaya and Kommunarka in December 2017 and set an initial completion date in 2019.[5] A transfer to the Bolshaya Koltsevaya line at Prospekt Vernadskogo opened on 7 December 2021 and a transfer to Sokolniki opened on 1 March 2023.[6] The extension from Novomoskovskaya to Potapovo opened on 5 September 2024. An extension from Potapovo to Buninskaya Alleya to transfer to the Butovskaya line is planned after 2023.

Planned extensions in the north are hampered by the position of Cherkizovskaya and Bulvar Rokossovskogo which were built so as to become a part of the projected second ring line that has been in planning since the 1960s. Cherkizovskaya's tunnels have provisions for a second perpendicular station, that would allow the line to continue eastwards to the district of Golyanovo and meet the Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line at Shchyolkovskaya. Such an extension, however, is not scheduled in the current official development program. The stations of a possible extension to Shchyolkovskaya and Vostochny would be Amurskaya, Shchyolkovskaya, Krasnoyarskaya and Vostochnaya.[7]

On 20 June 2019, the line was extended along the territory of New Moscow from Salaryevo to Novomoskovskaya.[8] On 5 September 2024, the line was extended from Novomoskovskaya to Potapovo.[citation needed]

Timeline

[edit]
Segment Date opened Length
Sokolniki–Park Kultury 15 May 1935 8.4 km
Park Kultury–Sportivnaya 1 May 1957 2.4 km
Sportivnaya–Universitet 1 December 1959 4.5 km
Universitet–Yugo-Zapadnaya 30 December 1963 4.5 km
Sokolniki–Preobrazhenskaya Ploshchad 31 December 1965 2.5 km
Preobrazhenskaya Ploshchad–Bulvar Rokossovskogo 3 August 1990 3.8 km
Vorobyovy Gory (after reconstruction) 14 December 2002 N/A
Yugo-Zapadnaya–Troparyovo 8 December 2014 2.1 km
Troparyovo–Rumyantsevo 18 January 2016 2.5 km
Rumyantsevo–Salaryevo 15 February 2016 1.8 km
Salaryevo–Novomoskovskaya 20 June 2019 11.6 km
Novomoskovskaya–Potapovo 5 September 2024 2.5 km
Total 27 stations 47 km

Name changes

[edit]
Station Previous name(s) Years
Krasnye Vorota Krasniye Vorota 1935–1962
Lermontovskaya 1962–1986
Chistye Prudy Kirovskaya 1935–1990
Lubyanka Dzerzhinskaya 1935–1990
Okhotny Ryad Okhotny Ryad 1935–1955
Imeni L.M. Kaganovicha 1955–1957
Okhotny Ryad 1957–1965
Prospekt Marksa 1965–1990
Kropotkinskaya Dvorets Sovetov 1935–1957
Park Kultury Tsentralny Park Kultury i Otdykha Imeni Gorkogo 1935–1980
Vorobyovy Gory Leninskie Gory 1957–2002
Bulvar Rokossovskogo Ulitsa Podbelskogo 1990–2014
Novomoskovskaya Kommunarka 2019–2024

Transfers

[edit]
Transfer to At
#2 Zamoskvoretskaya line Zamoskvoretskaya line Okhotny Ryad
#3 Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line Arbatsko-Pokrovskaya line Biblioteka Imeni Lenina
#4 Filyovskaya line Filyovskaya line Biblioteka Imeni Lenina
#5 Koltsevaya line Koltsevaya line Komsomolskaya, Park Kultury
#6 Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya line Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya line Chistye Prudy
#7 Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya line Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya line Lubyanka
#9 Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya line Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya line Biblioteka Imeni Lenina
#10 Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya line Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya line Chistye Prudy
#11 Bolshaya Koltsevaya line Bolshaya Koltsevaya line Prospekt Vernadskogo, Sokolniki
#12 Butovskaya line Butovskaya line Buninskaya Alleya

Rolling stock

[edit]

Two depots are assigned to the line, the TCh-1 Severnoye and the TCh-13 Cherkizovo. Starting in 1997 both depots have been upgrading to the new 81-717.5M/714.5M trains (all factory fresh). Currently all carriages of the old Ezh, Ezh-1, Em-508 and Em-509 have been retired.

When the line opened in 1935, trainsets included only four cars. By the middle of the 20th century, trainsets expanded to seven cars. In 2018, the Metro became extending trains of Cherkizovo depot to eight cars. This will add additional capacity to the system of more than 186,000 passengers per day.[9]

Subway car types used on the line over the years:

Type Dates
Series A, B 1935 - 1951
Series V 1946 - 1958
Series D 1956 - 1986
Series E 1966 - 2002
Series Ezh, Em-508 and Em-509 1970 - 2008
Series 81-717.5M/714.5M 1997—present
Series 81-717.5A/714.5A 2010—present
Series 81-740.1/741.1 2020—present
Series 81-765/766/767 2020—present
Series 81-765.4/766.4/767.4 2019—present

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Сокольническая линия. Moskovsky Metropoliten (in Russian). Archived from the original on January 21, 2012. Retrieved 2012-01-12.
  2. ^ "Перспективы развития". Moscow Metro. Retrieved 2014-11-20.
  3. ^ "Утвержден проект продления линии метро в Коммунарку" (in Russian). Official Site of the Mayor of Moscow. 2017-07-18. Archived from the original on 2019-03-28. Retrieved 2018-01-17.
  4. ^ "Собянин назвал срок запуска первого участка Троицкой линии метро". РБК Недвижимость (in Russian). 2023-02-15. Retrieved 2024-03-18.
  5. ^ "Станцию метро в стиле оригами построят в Москве" (in Russian). City of Moscow. 2017-12-21.
  6. ^ "БКЛ 2023: схема, станции, история создания". Российская газета (in Russian). 2023-03-01. Retrieved 2024-03-18.
  7. ^ Красную ветку метро Москвы планируют продлить вдоль Щелковского шоссе
  8. ^ "Собянин открыл четыре новые станции Сокольнической линии метро". mos (in Russian). Retrieved 13 July 2024.
  9. ^ "На Сокольническую линию метро вышли поезда из восьми вагонов". City of Moscow. Archived from the original on 2019-04-12. Retrieved 2018-03-03.
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  • Winchester, Clarence, ed. (1936), "Moscow's underground", Railway Wonders of the World, pp. 894–899 illustrated contemporary description of the Moscow underground
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