Jump to content

Premiership of Imran Khan

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Imran Khan
Premiership of Imran Khan
August 18, 2018 – April 10, 2022
President
CabinetImran Khan government
PartyPakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf
Election2018
SeatPrime Minister's Office

This article is part of
a series about
Imran Khan
Personal
Cricket career
22nd Prime Minister of Pakistan
Post-premiership
Elections
Politics
Imran Khan's signature

The premiership of Imran Khan began when Imran Khan became the 22nd prime minister of Pakistan on 17 August 2018, following his oath of office ceremony, which came after his party, the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf secured a victory in the 2018 Pakistani election. His campaign in the elections primarily focused on anti-corruption and populism.

Imran Khan was sworn-in as the Prime Minister of Pakistan on 18 August 2018 at the Aiwan-e-Sadr in Islamabad.[1] His cabinet consisted of sixteen ministers and five advisors. He kept portfolio of interior ministry to himself.[2] In his celebration speech before swearing in and the inaugural speech after swearing-in he mentioned that he will build and run Pakistan on principles of first Islamic state of Medina.[3][4]

When he took office, he presented a 100-day plan to quickly reform the country in a short period of time. He made significant changes to the country's bureaucracy and military with several key appointments. Khan's cabinet included many Musharraf-era ministers and former members of the Pakistan People's Party. His government undertook major cabinet reorganizations and faced financial challenges that led to an IMF bailout and the implementation of austerity measures. By 2020, Pakistan's balance of payments improved, fiscal deficit narrowed and tax collections had reached record levels.

Khan's foreign policy tried to make Pakistan a respected player on the international stage. He emphasized the unity of Muslims in his efforts against Islamophobia and his leadership in the OIC. Khan and his close foreign minister, Shah Mehmood Qureshi, established good relations with Saudi Arabia, although he announced that he would seek to mediate between Iran and Saudi Arabia in their proxy conflict. Khan maintained a firm stance on the Kashmir issue and refused to negotiate with India until autonomy was restored in Indian-administered Kashmir. Khan also criticized the US drone campaign in Pakistan and said the Taliban-led Afghan government should be recognized and not isolated.

Domestically, Khan's government launched an anti-corruption campaign and improved security. His administration restored minority religious sites. In social policy, he reformed education, improved health care and expanded large welfare programs, the most notable of which were the Ehsaas Programme and Sehat Sahulat Program. His government passed the Zainab Alert Bill as an attempt to increase the rights and safety of women in Pakistan. His environmental initiatives, mainly Plant for Pakistan, increased renewable energy and attempted extensive reforestation of Pakistan. Khan has been criticized for certain comments and practices, even as he has been praised for handling the COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan, launching a massive welfare program and reviving the economy greatly.

He was removed from office in March 2022 following a no-confidence motion against his government, in which many of his coalition partners left his government, resulting in his removal as the first Pakistani prime minister to be removed by a no-confidence motion. Despite his tenure lasting three and a half years, his premiership saw important reforms in many areas, supporting domestic policies of welfare, an active foreign policy stance on many global issues, and key steps against corruption.

Background

[edit]

Formerly, a cricket player, Khan started his campaign for premiership in 1996 with launch of a political party called Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf.[5][6] His party did not have much of a success in 1997 Pakistani general election and 2002 Pakistani general election.[7] He boycotted 2008 Pakistani general election.[8] His first major victory came in 2013 Pakistani general election when his party won an outright majority in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa forming a coalition government in the province and became second largest party nationally by popular vote.[9]

First 100 days

[edit]
Main article: First 100 days of Imran Khan's premiership

In May 2018, Khan's party announced a 100 day agenda for a possible future government. The agenda included sweeping reforms in almost all areas of government including creation of a new province in Southern Punjab, fast tracking of merger of Federally Administered Tribal Areas into Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, betterment of law and order situation in Karachi, and betterment of relations with Baloch political leaders.[10][11][12] Similar measures were announced in his inaugural speech. In addition to the measures announced in 100 day agenda, Khan announced some groundbreaking austerity measures where he vowed to reduce the staff and number of luxury vehicles of prime minister house to two employees and two vehicles respectively from current number of hundreds.[13][3]

On 17 August 2018, Khan secured 176 votes and became the 22nd Prime Minister of Pakistan and took the oath of office on 18 August 2018.[14][15] Khan ordered top-level reshuffling in the country's bureaucracy, including the appointment of Sohail Mahmood as Foreign Secretary, Rizwan Ahmed as Maritime Secretary, and Naveed Kamran Baloch as Finance Secretary.[16][17] His first major appointment in the Pakistan Army was that of Lieutenant General Asim Munir to the key slot of Director-General of Inter-Services Intelligence.[18]

Khan with US President Donald Trump and First Lady Melania Trump at the White House in July 2019

Khan announced his cabinet soon after taking oath, choosing to keep the Ministry of Interior to himself.[19] Though he later appointed Ijaz Ahmed Shah as interior minister.[20] Many of his appointees were previously ministers during Musharraf era, although some were defectors from the left-wing People's Party.[21][22] In 2019, Khan committed to a major cabinet reshuffle in the ministries of interior, finance, information and planning.[23]

Khan stated that, despite the assassination of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi, Pakistan must prioritize good relations with Saudi Arabia due to an economic crisis. He also added that U.S. sanctions against Iran are affecting neighboring Pakistan, stating "The last thing the Muslim World needs is another conflict. The Trump administration is moving towards that direction."[24] Khan prioritised close ties with China,[25] saying he "did not know" much about concentration camps for China's Muslims,[26] though Khan confirmed he had raised the matter "privately" in discussions with China.[27]

Khan was named one of Time magazine's 100 Most Influential People of 2019, in the section "Leaders".[28]

Economic policy

[edit]
Khan at the World Economic Forum, 2020
Economy before, during, and after Imran Khan’s tenure as per IMF.[29]
Year GDP

(Billion US$ nominal)

GDP per capita

(US$ nominal)

GDP growth

(Real)

Inflation rate

(Percent)

Tenure
2017 Increase339.2 Increase1,653.4 Increase4.6% Increase4.1% Abbasi
2018 Increase356.2 Increase1,698.0 Increase6.1% Increase3.9%


Imran
2019 Decrease321.1 Decrease1,500.7 Increase3.1% Negative increase6.7%
2020 Decrease300.4 Decrease1,376.5 Decrease-0.9% Negative increase10.7%
2021 Increase348.5 Increase1,565.6 Increase5.8% Negative increase8.9%
2022 Increase374.7 Increase1650.7 Increase6.2% Negative increase12.1%
2023 Decrease338.2 Decrease1,460.7 Decrease-0.2 Negative increase29.2% Shehbaz

In domestic economic policy, Khan inherited a twin balance of payments and debt crisis with a large current account deficit and fiscal deficit in 2018, Khan's government sought a bailout from the IMF.[30] In exchange for the bailout, Khan's government slashed subsidy spending in the energy sector and unveiled an austerity budget to curb the fiscal deficit and limit government borrowing.[31] The IMF also demanded that the Pakistani government depreciate the rupee and improve tax collection. Khan's government decided to raise import tariffs to collect higher tax revenues and devalued the currency, this alongside the heavy import duty helped to curtail the current account deficit (import substitution).[32]

Pakistan's overall balance of payment's position improved significantly following record-high remittances in 2020, which stabilised the central bank's foreign exchange reserves.[33] The fiscal deficit narrowed to less than 1% of GDP by 2020 due to the government's austerity policies,[34] and the rate of debt accumulation had significantly slowed. At the same time, Pakistan's debt remained high due to the high borrowing of previous governments in which the current government had to allocate $24 billion to pay off loans taken during the tenure of previous governments.[35][36][37]

Aside from IMF-mandated reforms, Khan's government introduced policies to improve the business operating climate. As a result, Pakistan climbed 28 places higher on the World Bank's ease of doing business index. Pakistan ranked amongst the top 10 most improved countries in 2019.[38] Pakistan's tax collection also hit record highs in 2019.[39] As the government raised more revenue from domestic taxes with no increase in tax revenue from import taxes (given import compression had lowered the quantity being imported so the government collected less tax revenue from imports). This trend continued into 2020, albeit at a slower pace.[40]

The fiscal deficit was also controlled to less than 1% of GDP in the second half of 2020, Pakistan recorded a primary surplus (excluding interest payment and principal repayment of previous debt), but was in deficit once the interest payment on debt was accounted for, albeit the deficit was smaller. Economists primarily pinned this reduction in the fiscal deficit on an increase in non-tax revenues rather than an increase in tax revenues. For example, from the higher prices, consumers paid for oil from state-owned oil companies.[34] Nevertheless, tax revenues also went on an upward trajectory with Pakistan's tax agency (FBR) both exceeding its tax collection target and collecting a record amount for the first quarter of the fiscal year 2021 in the calendar year 2020.[41][42] In economic policy with respect to international trade, from January 2020 Khan's government implemented the second phase of the China–Pakistan Free Trade Agreement these renegotiations with China led to concessionary rates by China on Pakistani exports of goods and services to mainland China such as reduced tariffs or zero tariffs.[43] The negotiations were termed a "significant milestone" in the country's foreign policy by expanding trade relations in a relationship traditionally dominated by defence and security matters.[44]

Khan with Ali Khamenei and Hassan Rouhani

In June 2018 (before Khan became Prime Minister), the FATF placed Pakistan onto its grey list and demanded a series of actions be taken by Pakistan to remedy terror financing laws. Khan's government had initially used constitutional provisions of Presidential power held by Arif Alvi to issue ordinances (temporary legislation via Presidential decree)[45] and the country became compliant with 14 points on the FATF agenda.[46] Subsequently, a series of bills were presented in Pakistan's Parliament to ensure the legislation would permanently remain in place beyond a temporary Presidential decree. Minor parts of the legislation passed both the lower house and upper house of Pakistan's parliament with the support of Khan's ruling coalition and part of the opposition parties too.[47] The opposition-dominated Senate did not pass a significant portion of the FATF bills and walked out on crucial moments, creating hurdles for Khan's government.[48][49][50]

Khan meeting with Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev in November 2018

Subsequently, Khan summoned a joint session of both upper and lower house of parliament in which the bills passed given the government held a majority and without the support of the opposition.[51] By October 2020, Pakistan became successfully compliant on 21 out of 27 points on the FATF agenda, an increase from the 14 points in February 2020, with the remaining 6 points outstanding reviewed in February 2021.[52] In FATF's February 2021 review, Khan's government had successfully implemented about 90% of the FATF agenda with 24 out of 27 points 'largely addressed' and the remaining 3 out of 27 points 'partially addressed'.[53] The FATF President remarked that as Pakistan was progressing with its action plan so it "is not the time to put a country on the blacklist".[54][55]

Najam Sethi on 21 August 2020 said the CAD had "been curtailed mainly because a stiff devaluation has made consumer and industrial imports prohibitively expensive and led to falling demand, made worse by a falling economy which has plummeted from GDP growth of 5.5% in 2018 to minus 0.4% in 2020. Therefore the reduction of the CAD reflects bad economic policy. It’s nothing to boast about."[56] In June 2020, Bloomberg reported that Imran Khan saw his "influence and popularity dwindle due to a slowing economy, high consumer prices and corruption investigations involving his close aides." The article also stated that the Army's direct influence in civilian government continued to increase, with military officials appointed in government posts and "begun taking a more active role" in policy making.[57]

The economy did not improve under Khan's government, bringing political problems. Pakistanis experienced higher taxes and higher energy prices. The rupee depreciated to record lows against the dollar, fuelling inflation, which rose to 11.5% in November 2021.[58] After Imran Khan's vote of no-confidence, economist Atif Mian said that Imran Khan "inherited a bad economy but left it in even worse shape." Further saying "[t]here's been zero increase in average income, and Pakistan never got out of the balance of payment (bop) crisis." He criticised the PTI government for "silly schemes" and "the usual short cuts" including "subsidising an elite-favouring rentier economy and going on foreign begging trips".[59]

In FATF's June 2021 review, the Khan government implemented more progress, the FATF found that Pakistan has now largely addressed 26 out of the 27 action items, US State Department spokesperson Ned Price praised Pakistan's progress but encouraged Pakistan to tackle its remaining action item saying: "We do recognise and we support Pakistan's continued efforts to satisfy those (first action plan) obligations. Pakistan has made significant progress on its first action plan with 26 of 27 action items largely addressed — We encourage Pakistan to continue working with the FATF and the international community to swiftly complete the remaining action item by demonstrating that terrorism financing, investigations and prosecutions target senior leaders and commanders of UN-designated groups."[60][61] On 8 April 2022, the Khan government made progress on its remaining action plan by sentencing Hafiz Saeed a mastermind of the 2008 Mumbai attacks and a UN-designated terrorist to 31 years in prison.[62] Due to the efforts of Hammad Azhar, Pakistan eventually made it out of the FATF greylist in October 2022.[63]

Security and terrorism

[edit]

In national security policy, Khan's government presided over an improved overall security climate[64] with foreign investors expressing greater confidence in the security of their investments in Pakistan.[65] On 5 March 2019, the Khan government formally banned the Hafiz Saeed-led Jamaat-ud-Dawa and its affiliate Falah-e-Insaniat Foundation under the Anti Terrorism Act 1997.[66] On 25 June 2020, Khan came under criticism, both in the international press and from the domestic opposition, for calling al-Qaeda founder and 9/11 mastermind Osama bin Laden a martyr.[67][68] On a previous occasion during a local television interview, he had refused to call bin Laden a terrorist.[69]

In October 2020, Khan spoke out about what he considered growing extremism and violence against Muslims across the world. In a letter posted on Twitter, he urged Facebook's CEO Mark Zuckerberg to ban Islamophobic content on its platform.[70] In July 2021, the Project Pegasus revealed a spyware surveillance list that included at least one number once used by Khan.[71]

In 2019, Pakistan arrested Hafiz Saeed, a mastermind of the 26/11 Mumbai attacks and also a UN-designated terrorist. On 8 April 2022, he was sentenced to 31 years in prison.[72]

Social policy

[edit]

In social policy, Khan's government has taken steps to restore religious sites belonging to religious minorities;[73] this included the Kartarpur Corridor.[74] Khan's government took a significantly different position on the policy of minorities than the main opposition party, the PML-N, who had opposed the building of the corridor for Indian pilgrims.[75] Khan's government also instituted reforms to education and healthcare on a national and regional level, respectively.[76][77][78]

Khan's government introduced reforms to Pakistan's social safety net and the system of welfare in Pakistan more broadly.[79][80][81] This included broadening welfare payments which was initially for widows only, to include the disabled as well as provide health insurance coverage.[82] In June 2021, Khan explained a surge of publicly known rape cases in Pakistan with what he called "common sense", namely that women who wear "very few clothes" will "have an impact on the men unless they are robots". His comments lead to outrage by female rights activists.[83]

Environment and energy

[edit]

Khan pushed for an increase in renewable energy production,[84] and also halted coal power from future construction,[85] working toward an aim to make Pakistan mostly renewable by 2030.[86] In 2020, Khan's government commenced building work for the Diamer-Bhasha Dam, as part of his government's investment in renewable energy projects.[87] The World Bank loaned Pakistan $450mn for investment in renewable energy projects as part of the government's stated aim of making Pakistan a renewable-energy reliant economy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions to combat climate change.[88]

The government introduced an electric vehicle (EV) policy,[89][90] the first in South Asia.[91][92] Further efforts to combat climate change consisted of re-foresting Pakistan with over 10 billion trees under the Plant for Pakistan project[93][94] with the government on course to plant 3.3 billion trees in the first three and a half years of Khan's government, the reforestation programme includes an agreement with the UN Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and others to independently monitor the projects in order to maintain transparency about funding.[95] Khan also expanded national parks under a protected areas initiative.[96]

Governance and anti-corruption

[edit]
Further information: Corruption in Pakistan

Khan's government introduced reforms to Pakistan's bloated public sector.[97][98] The public sector consisted of state-owned enterprises that were consistently making losses and accumulating debt for decades, including national services such as railways, airlines, postal services as well as other state-owned companies such as Pakistan's state-owned steel company. In 2019, Pakistan International Airlines reached breakeven in operating profit;[99] however, the halt in air travel in the following year due to COVID-19 meant further reforms had to be made. This led to a proposal to cut the airline's workforce almost by half in order to save costs and thus help the state-owned airline breakeven on a net profit level in addition to the operating profit level.[100] The national airline confirmed it would layoff employees in phases[101] as part of PIA's restructuring plan in line with the government's policy of reversing the losses at state-owned companies.[102] Khan's government is set to axe many PIA workers due to the fact that those appointments were politically motivated to reward loyalty to previous governments.[103][104]

In 2019, Khan's government launched an anti-corruption campaign,[105] which was premised on the basis that no amnesty (known as NRO or National Reconciliation Ordinance in Pakistani political parlance) would be given to politicians or relatives who benefitted from a politician's patronage. The campaign has been criticised for targeting Khan's political opponents.[106] Nevertheless, Khan's supporters argue that the campaign is genuine, as senior members of Khan's own ruling party, including Jahangir Khan Tareen and Aleem Khan, have faced investigation or prosecution,[107][108] with Khan going as far as rejecting the formation of a "judicial commission" demanded by supporters of Tareen.[109]

Under Khan's premiership, the performance of Pakistan's anti-corruption agency, the National Accountability Bureau improved significantly[110] when measured in terms of recovery of money in cases involving plea bargains and/or convictions.[111] The recovery of the anti-corruption agency had risen to Rs. 487 billion over three years from the start of 2018 to the beginning of 2021.[112] This recovery was significantly higher than the anti-corruption agency's 10-year performance from 2008 to 2018 prior to Khan's government taking office.[113][114]

COVID-19 pandemic

[edit]
Main article: COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Khan's government rolled out the largest welfare programme in Pakistan's history, with a fund of almost $1 billion aimed at the country's poorest segment of the population.[115] The PM's advisor Dr. Sania Nishtar confirmed that the programme would use pre-existing data of other welfare programmes under 'Ehsaas' system and the much smaller Benazir Income Support Programme which provided a more limited safety-net, while the Ehsaas programme targeted lower-income households more broadly.[116] Following a drop in COVID-19 cases, declining positivity rates, and falling hospitalisations, Khan's government lifted lockdown restrictions.[117] In a Gallup survey released in 2021, 7 out of 10 (or roughly 70%) of Pakistanis had a favourable view of the government's handling of the coronavirus pandemic.[118] Economically, a V-shaped recovery was observed in both business confidence and expected employment index.[119] The current account was in surplus for 3 out of 4 months after June 2020 although this was due to higher remittances (which tend to be volatile) offsetting decrease in exports.[120] Fiscal prudence meant Pakistan's debt-to-GDP ratio remained broadly unchanged in 2021 according to the IMF, Pakistan defied the trend of rising debt, as most emerging/developing economies had witnessed a substantial rise in the debt-to-GDP ratio in order to deal with the pandemic with other developing countries seeing a 10% rise in debt-to-GDP on average.[121] Furthermore, credit rating agency Fitch forecasted a fall in Pakistan's public debt to GDP ratio, reflecting lower debt incurred by the incumbent government and higher GDP growth in 2021.[122]

In economic policy, Khan's government presided over a recovery in Pakistan's textile sector, with demand measured by the number of orders pending hitting historic highs. Khan's government facilitated the textile sector by offering concessionary rates on utilities such as electricity as well as reducing the electricity tariff during peak hours.[123][124] Furthermore, the Asian Development Bank stated that it sees an "economic recovery" in Pakistan.[125][126] Signs of recovery emerged as exports reached pre-COVID-19 levels towards the end of 2020.[127] Following the recovery in the textile sector, export growth was almost in double-digits by February 2021, with a 9% growth in exports – especially value-added textile exports.[128] In early 2021, Pakistan's apparel exports to the US had surged upwards in value and volume outperforming India and Bangladesh, both of which are the nearest regional economies similar to Pakistan's in South Asia. Khan's government facilitated the textile sector by removing all import tariffs on cotton yarn, in order to address a shortfall in the main raw material input of textiles and apparel.[129] This policy of tax concessions was codified at least in the short term when Khan's government unveiled its budget for 2021–22 which had reduced customs duty on imports of inputs (raw materials) for final manufactured goods.[130]

Foreign affairs

[edit]
Khan at the 2019 Shanghai Cooperation Organisation summit
Khan with US President Donald Trump in September 2019

In foreign policy, Khan voiced support for the 2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria against the Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces. On 11 October 2019, Khan told the Turkish president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan that "Pakistan fully understands Turkey's concerns relating to terrorism".[131][132] Khan's foreign policy towards neighbouring Afghanistan consists primarily of support for the Afghan peace process[133] and also inaugurated a 24/7 border crossing with Afghanistan to facilitate travel and trade.[134] He said that Pakistan will never recognize Israel until a Palestinian state is created, a statement in line with the vision of Pakistan's founder Muhammad Ali Jinnah.[135] According to the British newspaper The Independent, Khan's government had improved Pakistan's reputation abroad by stepping into its role as a 'world player'.[136] In 2019, Khan was included in the Time 100, Time's annual list of the 100 most influential people in the world.[137]

Khan pursued a reset in ties with Gulf Arab states, such as the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Saudi Arabia, with the UAE agreeing to roll over Pakistan's debt on an interest-free loan.[138][139] Subsequently, Khan embarked on a three-day visit to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in order to reset ties, where he was personally received at the airport by Mohammad bin Salman.[140] The ties had become tense previously due to the unwillingness of Pakistan to contribute militarily to the Saudi Arabian–led intervention in Yemen.[141] Saudi Arabia's ambassador to Pakistan confirmed that the Saudi government had approved a concessionary loan for building a hydroelectric dam, the Mohmand dam.[142] Khan's government also improved ties with the Gulf state of Kuwait, as Kuwait confirmed it had lifted a ten-year visa ban on Pakistani nationals.[143] Khan's government enhanced economic ties with Qatar which is expected to benefit Pakistan by US$3 billion over 10 years by renegotiating terms in an energy supply deal which saw a significant reduction in Pakistan's energy import bill compared to the previous deal.[144][145] Khan was mediating between Iran and Saudi Arabia in an effort to end the war in Yemen, which is part of an Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict.[146]

On 9 May 2021, Khan condemned the Israeli police actions at Al-Aqsa, stating that such actions violated "all norms of humanity and [international] law".[147] Also, Khan has been vocal on the Kashmir issue, and his government adopted the foreign policy stance that no talks will be held with India on the Kashmir dispute until autonomy was restored in Indian-held Kashmir.[148][149] Khan's national security adviser Moeed Yusuf confirmed that backdoor contacts with India, ostensibly brokered by the UAE,[150] had broken down after India had refused to restore the region's autonomy.[151]

In August 2021, Khan celebrated the departure of the United States from Afghanistan, describing it as Afghans breaking "the shackles of slavery".[152]

Russia

[edit]
Khan met with Russian President Vladimir Putin in Moscow just hours after Russia's invasion of Ukraine began.[153]

After twenty-three years without a prime minister of Pakistan visiting Moscow,[154] Khan became the first such official of the century when he landed in the Russian capital on 23 February 2022, for a two-day trip, where he planned to discuss "key issues of bilateral interest with top leadership," according to the Foreign Office of Pakistan. Nawaz Sharif, in March 1999, was the last to visit Moscow until then.[155]

The meeting between the two heads of state was planned months in advance, and the Russian president Vladimir Putin met with Khan just hours after the beginning of the Russian invasion of Ukraine,[156] during the second day of Khan's visit. Radio Pakistan reported the two discussed "economic and energy cooperation",[157] namely a several billion dollar Pakistan Stream Gas Pipeline project,[158] which Russian enterprises partnered in developing southward from Karachi to Punjab.[159][160]

The pipeline, which was begun in 2020, is the result of a 2015 agreement for a 1,100 km pipeline with a designed capacity ranging from 12.4 to 16 billion cubic meters, with Russia financing 26% of costs, which ranged from US$1.5–3.5 billion.[156][161] It was expected that, even under sanctions against Russia, Pakistan could still import up to 14 billion cubic meters of liquid natural gas (LNG) from the vast Russian reserves to the "energy-starved power plants" in Pakistan.[157] The Eurasian Pipeline Consortium and pipeline supplier TMK were tasked with the completion of the pipeline.[161]

Of the timing on the talks, Khan explained that he was invited by Putin months in advance and that he was not interested in joining any "blocs",[158] and welcomed neutrality in hopes of "peace and harmony within and among societies."[157] During the UN General Assembly emergency meeting on the invasion he expressed regret for the situation while abstaining on a resolution condemning Russia's invasion of Ukraine, and called for de-escalation with adherence to international law as laid out in the UN Charter.[162] On 6 March, Khan addressed a political rally where he criticised the heads of 22 diplomatic missions who had released a letter urging Pakistan to support the UN resolution.[163]

No-confidence motion and removal from office

[edit]
Main articles: 2022 Pakistani constitutional crisis and No-confidence motion against Imran Khan

According to a leaked classified Pakistani cypher, at a 7 March 2022 meeting between the Pakistani ambassador to the United States, Asad Majeed Khan, and two State Department officials, including Donald Lu, the US State Department encouraged the Pakistani government to remove Khan from office because of his neutrality on the Russian invasion of Ukraine. In the meeting Lu said "I think if the no-confidence vote against the Prime Minister succeeds, all will be forgiven in Washington because the Russia visit is being looked at as a decision by the Prime Minister. Otherwise, I think it will be tough going ahead".[164][165] On 8 March 2022, the opposition parties submitted a motion of no confidence against Khan to the National Assembly's secretariat.[166][167] On 27 March Khan displayed a letter at a rally saying it contained evidence of a "foreign conspiracy" to remove his government.[168] On 10 April 2022, Khan sent the diplomatic cypher to Chief Justice of Pakistan Umar Ata Bandial, saying that the US had used Pakistan's ambassador to send a threatening message.[169] On 1 April 2022, Prime Minister Khan announced that in context of the no-confidence motion against him in the National Assembly, the three options were discussed with the establishment in Pakistan to choose from viz: "resignation, no-confidence [vote] or elections".[170]

On 3 April 2022, President Arif Alvi dissolved the National Assembly of Pakistan on Khan's advice, after the Deputy Speaker of the National Assembly rejected and set-aside the motion of no confidence; this move would have required elections to the National Assembly to be held within 90 days.[171][172] On 10 April, after a Supreme Court ruling that the no-confidence motion was illegally rejected, a no-confidence vote was conducted and he was ousted from office,[173][174] becoming the first prime minister in Pakistan to be removed from office by a vote of no confidence.[175][176][177] Khan claimed the US was behind his removal because he conducted an independent foreign policy and had friendly relations with China and Russia. His removal led to protests from his supporters across Pakistan.[178][179][180]

In November 2022, when asked about the conspiracy to remove him, Khan said "it's behind me. The Pakistan I want to lead must have good relationships with everyone, especially the United States. Our relationship with the US has been as of a master-servant relationship, or a master-slave relationship, and we've been used like a hired gun. But for that I blame my own governments more than the US".[181][182]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Guramani, Nadir (18 August 2018). "Prime Minister Imran Khan: PTI chairman sworn in as 22nd premier of Pakistan". dawn.com. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
  2. ^ Dawn.com (18 August 2018). "PM Imran Khan finalises names of 21-member cabinet". dawn.com. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
  3. ^ a b "Prime Minister Imran Khan promises sweeping reforms in inaugural address". www.thenews.com.pk. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
  4. ^ "Imran Khan's speech in full". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 7 August 2018.
  5. ^ "Imran Khan: From cricket hero to Pakistani PM". 6 August 2018. Retrieved 6 September 2018 – via www.bbc.com.
  6. ^ "Imran Khan: Cricket legend becomes Pakistan's prime minister - Sky News". news.sky.com. Retrieved 6 September 2018.
  7. ^ "Meet Imran Khan, Pakistan's next prime minister. He was once his country's biggest sports star and a notorious playboy. Now he's accused of winning a rigged election". businessinsider.com. Retrieved 6 September 2018.
  8. ^ Mujtaba 2018.
  9. ^ Newspaper, From the (16 May 2013). "The election score". dawn.com. Retrieved 6 September 2018.
  10. ^ Wasim, Amir (21 May 2018). "Imran unveils ambitious agenda for first 100 days of govt". dawn.com. Retrieved 7 August 2018.
  11. ^ "PTI unveils 'first 100 days' action plan". The Nation. 21 May 2018. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
  12. ^ "PTI unveils agenda for first 100 days in power - Daily Times". Daily Times. 21 May 2018. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
  13. ^ "Complete text of Imran Khan's maiden speech". thenews.com.pk. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
  14. ^ "PTI chief Imran Khan elected prime minister of Pakistan". Geo News. 17 August 2018. Archived from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 17 August 2018.
  15. ^ Guramani, Nadir (18 August 2018). "Prime Minister Imran Khan: PTI chairman sworn in as 22nd premier of Pakistan". dawn.com. Archived from the original on 6 January 2019. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
  16. ^ "High Commissioner to India Sohail Mahmood appointed new foreign secretary". dawn.com. 31 March 2019. Archived from the original on 25 August 2019. Retrieved 31 January 2024.
  17. ^ "To rid FBR of corruption, Jahanzeb Khan appointed chairman – The Express Tribune". Tribune.com.pk. 28 August 2018. Archived from the original on 26 September 2018. Retrieved 26 September 2018.
  18. ^ "Lt Gen Asim Munir named as new ISI chief | The Express Tribune". tribune.com.pk. 10 October 2018. Archived from the original on 8 December 2018. Retrieved 31 January 2024.
  19. ^ "عمران خان کی وفاقی کابینہ کل حلف اٹھائے گی،اسد عمر" (in Urdu). Dailypakistan.com.pk. 18 August 2018. Archived from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
  20. ^ Syed, Baqir Sajjad (18 April 2019). "Profile: Ijaz Shah — Imran Khan's new Interior Minister". dawn.com. Archived from the original on 10 December 2019. Retrieved 29 February 2020.
  21. ^ "PM Imran Khan's first cabinet anything but 'Naya Pakistan' – Pakistan Today". Pakistantoday.com.pk. Archived from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
  22. ^ "PM Imran Khan finalises names of 21-member cabinet". dawn.com. 18 August 2018. Archived from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 18 August 2018.
  23. ^ "PM House announces major cabinet reshuffle". Samaa TV. 18 April 2019. Archived from the original on 24 September 2020. Retrieved 29 February 2020.
  24. ^ Steele, Jonathan; Oborne, Peter (22 October 2018). "Imran Khan: Pakistan cannot afford to snub Saudis over Khashoggi killing". Middle East Eye. Archived from the original on 14 January 2019. Retrieved 21 January 2019. (updated 8 November 2018).
  25. ^ "Where Do China-Pakistan Ties Go in the Age of Imran Khan?". The Diplomat. 14 August 2018. Archived from the original on 31 March 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2019.
  26. ^ "Saudi crown prince defends China's right to put Uighur Muslims in concentration camps". The Daily Telegraph. 22 February 2019. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022.
  27. ^ "Exclusive: Pakistani PM Imran Khan says escalation of Iran conflict would be 'disastrous'". Deutsche Welle. 16 January 2020. Archived from the original on 27 January 2020. Retrieved 29 February 2020.
  28. ^ "Imran Khan: The 100 Most Influential People of 2019". Time. Archived from the original on 20 September 2020. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
  29. ^ "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects". IMF. Retrieved 2024-10-30.
  30. ^ Findlay, Stephanie (4 July 2019). "IMF approves $6bn Pakistan bailout package after austerity budget". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022.
  31. ^ Bokhari, Farhan (11 June 2019). "Pakistan unveils austerity budget in bid to secure IMF loan". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022.
  32. ^ Iqbal, Shahid (22 July 2020). "CAD shrinks 78pc in 2019–20". dawn.com. Archived from the original on 22 July 2020. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
  33. ^ Abbas, Waheed. "Pakistan receives record $23.1 billion remittances". Khaleej Times. Archived from the original on 22 July 2020. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
  34. ^ a b "Pakistan's budget deficit improves to Rs440b". The Express Tribune. 24 September 2020. Archived from the original on 14 October 2020. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  35. ^ Abbasi, Zaheer (30 September 2020). "Debt repayment, servicing for past loans: PTI government had to borrow $24 billion, MoF tells cabinet". Brecorder. Archived from the original on 31 January 2024. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  36. ^ "Kaptaan Khan's slog from sports icon to Pakistan's likely new leader". Dunya News. Archived from the original on 12 December 2018. Retrieved 3 August 2018.
  37. ^ "Imran Khan: Forever the Kaptaan". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 31 January 2024. Retrieved 3 August 2018.
  38. ^ "Doing Business 2020: Accelerated Business Climate Reform Agenda Puts Pakistan Among Top 10 Improvers". World Bank. Archived from the original on 20 October 2020. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  39. ^ "FBR says tax revenue increased by 17 percent". 6 February 2020. Archived from the original on 20 September 2020. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  40. ^ "FBR tax, duty collection increases by 10.4%". Samaa TV. Archived from the original on 19 May 2020. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  41. ^ "FBR collects over one trillion revenues in 1st quarter". Dunya News. 14 February 2008. Archived from the original on 1 August 2021. Retrieved 3 October 2020.
  42. ^ "FBR achieves first quarter tax target". The Express Tribune. 30 September 2020. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  43. ^ "Second phase of Pakistan-China Free Trade Agreement comes into effect". The Nation. 2 January 2020. Archived from the original on 8 October 2020. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  44. ^ "China-Pak ties: FTA-II a significant milestone". The Express Tribune. 4 October 2020. Archived from the original on 8 October 2020. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  45. ^ "No more chances of entering into FATF's blacklist for Pakistan". Dunya News. 14 February 2008. Archived from the original on 23 February 2020. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
  46. ^ "Pakistan compliant on '14 FATF action points'". The Express Tribune. 29 July 2020. Archived from the original on 3 October 2020. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  47. ^ Guramani, Nadir; Hussain, Javed (30 July 2020). "Senate passes Anti-Terrorism Act, UNSC amendment bills". dawn.com. Archived from the original on 31 January 2024. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  48. ^ Guramani, Nadir (16 September 2020). "Opposition blocks another FATF-related bill in Senate". dawn.com. Archived from the original on 7 October 2020. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  49. ^ Khan, Iftikhar A. (26 August 2020). "Opposition-ruled Senate rejects two FATF bills". dawn.com. Archived from the original on 14 June 2023. Retrieved 14 June 2023.
  50. ^ "Opposition stage walkout as 3 FATF-related bills get passed during joint parliament session". The News International. Archived from the original on 14 June 2023. Retrieved 14 June 2023.
  51. ^ "Joint session of parliament passes crucial FATF related bills". Dunya News. 14 February 2008. Archived from the original on 1 August 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  52. ^ Hussain, Fayaz (23 October 2020). "'To remain on grey list': FATF urges Pakistan to complete action plan by Feb 2021". dawn.com. Archived from the original on 22 February 2021. Retrieved 23 February 2021.
  53. ^ "FATF keeps Pakistan on grey list till June". The Express Tribune. 25 February 2021. Archived from the original on 31 January 2024. Retrieved 6 June 2021.
  54. ^ "FATF keeps Pakistan on grey list until June despite 'significant progress'". dawn.com. Associated Press. 25 February 2021. Archived from the original on 25 February 2021. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
  55. ^ "Pakistan won't be blacklisted citing significant progress: FATF". Dunya News. 14 February 2008. Archived from the original on 25 February 2021. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
  56. ^ "Waiting for Allah". The Friday Times. 21 August 2020. Retrieved 5 November 2024.
  57. ^ "Army Tightens Grip on Pakistan as Imran Khan's Popularity Wanes". Bloomberg.com. 9 June 2020. Retrieved 5 November 2024.
  58. ^ Haroon Janjua (26 January 2022). "Pakistan: Is PM Khan more corrupt than previous rulers?". Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  59. ^ "PM inherited bad economy, but leaves it in even worse shape: Atif Mian". www.geo.tv. Retrieved 2024-11-05.
  60. ^ "US Tells Pakistan to "Swiftly Complete" 27-Point Action Plan on Terror". NDTV. 20 July 2021. Archived from the original on 25 September 2022. Retrieved 6 November 2022.
  61. ^ "With compliance on 26 points, no justification to keep Pakistan in FATF's grey list: Qureshi". www.geo.tv. Archived from the original on 31 May 2022. Retrieved 10 April 2022.
  62. ^ "Pakistan sentences anti-India militant leader to 31 years". ABC News. Archived from the original on 10 April 2022. Retrieved 10 April 2022.
  63. ^ "Proud of you: Former PM Imran hails FATF decision as accomplishment of Hammad Azhar-led committee". Dawn. Archived from the original on 14 June 2023. Retrieved 14 June 2023.
  64. ^ Junaidi, Ikram (8 January 2020). "13pc decrease in terrorist attacks observed in 2019: think tank". dawn.com. Archived from the original on 22 July 2020. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
  65. ^ Kiani, Khaleeq (7 July 2020). "Foreign investors see improvement in security". dawn.com. Archived from the original on 13 July 2020. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
  66. ^ "Pakistan formally bans Hafiz Saeed-led Jamaat-ud-Dawa, FIF". The Indian Express. 5 March 2019. Archived from the original on 10 April 2022. Retrieved 10 April 2022.
  67. ^ Tyab, Imtiaz (26 June 2020). "Pakistani Prime Minister Imran Khan says the U.S. 'martyred' Osama bin Laden". CBS News. Archived from the original on 26 June 2020. Retrieved 26 June 2020.
  68. ^ "Pakistani PM Says Americans 'Martyred' Osama Bin Laden | Voice of America – English". Voice of America. 25 June 2020. Archived from the original on 2 July 2020. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
  69. ^ "Imran Khan criticised after calling Osama Bin Laden a 'martyr'". BBC. 26 June 2020. Archived from the original on 26 June 2020. Retrieved 27 June 2020.
  70. ^ "Pakistani PM asks Facebook CEO to ban Islamophobic content". Reuters. 25 October 2020. Archived from the original on 13 November 2020. Retrieved 25 October 2020.
  71. ^ Slater, Joanna; Masih, Niha (19 July 2021). "The spyware is sold to governments to fight terrorism. In India, it was used to hack journalists and others". The Washington Post.
  72. ^ "Pakistan sentences anti-India militant leader to 31 years". ABC News.
  73. ^ "Pakistan returns 200-year-old temple to Sikhs in Quetta". gulfnews.com. 23 July 2020.
  74. ^ Siddiqui, Naveed (9 November 2019). "'This is the beginning': PM Imran inaugurates Kartarpur Corridor on a historic day". Dawn.
  75. ^ "PML-N opposes, PPP supports Kartarpur Corridor initiative in NA". dawn.com. 12 November 2019.
  76. ^ Raza, Syed Irfan (20 March 2020). "First phase of single national curriculum completed, says govt". dawn.com. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  77. ^ "Sehat Insaf cards distributed among 7.2m families: CM". Thenews.com.pk. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  78. ^ "PM Khan launches Sehat Sahulat Programme in KP". 20 August 2020. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  79. ^ Mahmood, Aisha (3 December 2020). "Two million families to benefit from new Ehsaas Kafaalat Policy for Special Persons: PM". Brecorder.com. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  80. ^ "PM visits Ehsaas Kafalat payment site initiate payment to 7 m beneficiaries". Pakistan Today.
  81. ^ "PM Imran Khan kicks off phase I of Ehsaas Kafaalat payments". Geo.tv. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  82. ^ "KP govt launches Sehat Sahulat programme for all residents of province". dawn.com. 20 August 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  83. ^ Tariq, Soofia (25 June 2021). "Outrage after Pakistan PM Imran Khan blames rape crisis on women". The Guardian.
  84. ^ "Hydel electricity generation increased by 20pc in FY20 to highest ever level, says Asad Umar". 5 July 2020.
  85. ^ "Pakistan Decides Against New Coal-fired Power". VOA. 12 December 2020.
  86. ^ "Five Things Imran Khan Has Done to Improve Pakistan". CPIC Global. 25 July 2019. Retrieved 23 June 2020.
  87. ^ "Diamer-Bhasha Dam will benefit country economically, environmentally: PM Imran". The Express Tribune. 15 July 2020. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  88. ^ Ahmed, Ali (25 September 2020). "WB approves $450mn for Pakistan's renewable transition". Brecorder. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  89. ^ Khan, Rina Saeed (29 June 2020). "Pakistan launches electric vehicle plan with cars in slow lane". uk.reuters.com. Retrieved 3 January 2021.[dead link‍]
  90. ^ Khizar, Ali (20 December 2020). "EV policy – nice and cautious start". Brecorder.com. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  91. ^ "Pakistan first South Asian country to have electric vehicles this year: Fawad". The World News. Archived from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 8 January 2021.
  92. ^ "Pakistan first South Asian country to have electric vehicles this year: Fawad". Pakistan Today.
  93. ^ "As a 'green stimulus' Pakistan sets virus-idled to work planting trees". reuters.com. 28 April 2020.
  94. ^ "A 10 Billion-Tree Plan Is Restoring Pakistan's Lost Forests". Bloomberg. 17 December 2020.
  95. ^ "Pakistan Plants 500 Million New Trees in Drive Against Climate Change | Voice of America – English". Voanews.com. 6 October 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  96. ^ "PM Imran announces 15 national parks as part of 'Protective Areas Initiative'". The Express Tribune. 2 July 2020. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  97. ^ "ECC grants Rs19.66 billion for golden handshake scheme for PSM employees". The Nation. 30 September 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  98. ^ "ECC approves golden handshake plan for PSM employees: sources". 30 September 2020.
  99. ^ "PIA reaches break-even in operating profit". The Express Tribune. 19 April 2019. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  100. ^ "PIA finalises plan to lay off half of its employees". The Express Tribune. 16 December 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  101. ^ Khan, Iftikhar A.; Asghar, Mohammad (1 January 2021). "2,000 employees have applied for voluntary separation: PIA". dawn.com. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  102. ^ "PIA to completely shift to Islamabad by June". The Express Tribune. 21 December 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  103. ^ "Teach like PTV, PIA & PSM crushed by past governments through political appointments: Shibli". The Nation. 23 July 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  104. ^ Asghar, Mohammad (17 December 2020). "Goal set to axe majority of PIA workers". dawn.com. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  105. ^ Jorgic, Drazen (4 July 2019). "'Government go-slow', as Pakistan's anti-corruption drive bites". Reuters.com.
  106. ^ "NAB's victimisation of critics will be exposed: PPP". dawn.com. 8 August 2020. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
  107. ^ "Jahangir Tareen to be prosecuted as per law: Shahzad Akbar". The Express Tribune. 1 April 2021. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
  108. ^ Waqar, Ali (6 February 2019). "PTI minister Aleem Khan taken into custody by NAB Lahore". dawn.com. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
  109. ^ "PM rejects Jahangir Tareen group's request for Judicial Commission". Dunya News. 14 February 2008.
  110. ^ "NAB recovered Rs 363 billion during last two years, says Javed Iqbal". ARY News. 13 September 2020. Retrieved 14 November 2022.
  111. ^ "NAB Lahore shows 280pc increase in recovery". The News.
  112. ^ "Rs 487bn ill-gotten money recovered in three years: NAB". dawn.com. 4 January 2021.
  113. ^ "NAB's 3-year output remains remarkable". The Nation. 4 January 2021.
  114. ^ "PM Imran Khan says NAB recovered over Rs200bn more compared to PML-N, PPP tenures". Geo.tv.
  115. ^ Westcott, Ben; Hollingsworth, Julia; Renton, Adam; Guy, Jack; Wagner, Meg; Hayes, Mike (9 April 2020). "Pakistan rolls out largest social assistance program in nation's history to tackle Covid-19". CNN.
  116. ^ "Distribution of funds to needy begins under Ehsaas Programme". Geo.tv.
  117. ^ "Pakistan: Coronavirus cases fall for 5th straight day". Archived from the original on 18 September 2020. Retrieved 25 September 2020.
  118. ^ Junaidi, Ikram (10 January 2021). "Govt optimistic of getting Covid vaccine soon". dawn.com.
  119. ^ "Business confidence turns positive". Business Recorder. 25 September 2020. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  120. ^ "Current account in green". Business Recorder. 25 September 2020. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  121. ^ Aslam, Naeem. "Pakistan's Public Debt To GDP Remained Broadly Unchanged According To The IMF". Forbes.
  122. ^ "Fitch Affirms Pakistan at 'B-'; Outlook Stable". Fitch Ratings. 27 May 2021.
  123. ^ Ahmed, Ali (25 November 2020). "PM vows to provide full support to textile industry amid historic demand". Brecorder.com. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  124. ^ "Power tariff reduced for textile sector". Pakistan Today.
  125. ^ "ADB sees economic recovery in Pakistan". The Express Tribune. 11 December 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  126. ^ "Pakistan's economy is recovering: ADB". Brecorder.com. 11 December 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  127. ^ "Exports recover to pre-Covid levels". The Express Tribune. 15 December 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  128. ^ "Current account deficit shrinks 75% in February". The Express Tribune. 22 March 2021.
  129. ^ "Pakistan beats India in apparel exports to US". The Express Tribune. 20 April 2021.
  130. ^ "Massive taxation relief to boost industrial growth". Dawn. 12 June 2021. Retrieved 14 November 2022.
  131. ^ "PM Imran telephones Erdogan, assures full support to Turkey". TheNews. 11 October 2019.
  132. ^ "PM Imran assures Erdogan of Pakistan's support, solidarity over Turkey's Syria operation". Dawn. 11 October 2019.
  133. ^ "UN report warns TTP, JUA target Pakistan from Afghan bases". The Express Tribune. 26 July 2020. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  134. ^ "Pakistan, Afghanistan inaugurate 24/7 Torkham border crossing". Aljazeera.com. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  135. ^ "Pakistan will not recognise Israel: PM Khan". Al Jazeera. 20 August 2020.
  136. ^ "After a year of Imran Khan, Pakistan is finally stepping into its role as a world player". The Independent. 26 September 2019. Retrieved 23 June 2020.
  137. ^ Rashid, Ahmed (2019). "Imran Khan". Time. Retrieved 27 May 2022.
  138. ^ Abbas, Waheed. "UAE extends repayment of $2 billion loan given to Pakistan". m.khaleejtimes.com.
  139. ^ Hashim, Asad. "Pakistan FM raises visa restrictions issue with top UAE officials". Aljazeera.com.
  140. ^ "PM Imran arrives in Saudi Arabia on three-day visit". The Express Tribune. 7 May 2021.
  141. ^ "Yemen conflict: Pakistan rebuffs Saudi coalition call". BBC News. 10 April 2015.
  142. ^ Ansari, Irshad (9 June 2021). "Saudi Arabia pledges Rs37.4b for Mohmand dam". The Express Tribune. Retrieved 17 August 2023.
  143. ^ "Kuwait resumes visas for Pakistani citizens after 10 year suspension". Gulf News. 31 May 2021. Retrieved 17 May 2023.
  144. ^ "Pakistan hopes to save $3 billion in new gas deal with Qatar". AP News. 1 March 2021.
  145. ^ "Cheaper LNG deal signed with Qatar". Thenews.com.pk.
  146. ^ "Pakistan Mediating Between Saudi Arabia, Iran to End Yemen War". VOA News. 24 October 2018.
  147. ^ Raza, Syed Ifran (10 May 2021). "PM slams Israeli attack, urges OIC to combat Islamophobia". Dawn. Islamabad, Pakistan. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021.
  148. ^ "Pakistan ready to talk with India if it restores Kashmir's autonomy: PM Imran". Dunya News. 14 February 2008.
  149. ^ "Pakistan ready for talks with India if it gives roadmap to restore Kashmir's status: PM Imran". dawn.com. 4 June 2021.
  150. ^ "UAE brokering secret India-Pakistan peace roadmap: Officials". Aljazeera.com.
  151. ^ "'No longer backdoor contacts with India'". 4 July 2021.
  152. ^ "Afghans have broken 'shackles of slavery': Pakistan PM Imran Khan". Business Standard India. Press Trust of India. 16 August 2021.
  153. ^ "Western-Led Pressure Grows on Pakistan to Condemn Russia's Invasion of Ukraine". VOA News. 1 March 2022.
  154. ^ "Pakistan Prime Minister Imran Khan's first visit to Russia from Feb 23". The Hindu. 21 February 2022. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 19 July 2022.
  155. ^ Adil, Shahzeb (2022-02-23). "'Tread with caution': Analysts comment on PM Imran's Russia trip amid Ukraine tensions". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 2024-02-22.
  156. ^ a b Kalita, Jayanta (25 February 2022). "Imran Khan Meets Putin At The 'Worst Possible Time'; Why Is Pakistan So Important For Russia?". Latest Asian, Middle-East, EurAsian, Indian News. Retrieved 19 July 2022.
  157. ^ a b c "In the midst of Ukraine crisis, Pakistan seeks 'multi-dimensional relationship' with Russia as Imran Khan meet Putin". South Asia Monitor. Retrieved 19 July 2022.
  158. ^ a b "Pak PM Imran Khan to visit Russia soon, 2 mega gas pipeline projects on agenda". The New Indian Express. 17 February 2022. Retrieved 19 July 2022.
  159. ^ Hashim, Asad. "Pakistani PM Khan meets Putin amid Ukraine invasion". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 3 April 2022.
  160. ^ Bigg, Matthew Mpoke (24 February 2022). "Pakistan's leader is in Moscow to meet with Putin about a gas pipeline". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 19 July 2022.
  161. ^ a b "Factbox: Pakistan-Russia collaboration on gas pipeline project". Reuters. 23 February 2022. Retrieved 19 July 2022.
  162. ^ "At UN, Pakistan refuses to condemn Russia". The Express Tribune. 2 March 2022. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
  163. ^ "Pakistani premier hits out at Western envoys' joint letter on Russia". Reuters. 6 March 2022. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
  164. ^ Grim, Ryan; Hussain, Murtaza (9 August 2023). "Secret Pakistan Cable Documents U.S. Pressure to Remove Imran Khan". The Intercept. Retrieved 10 August 2023.
  165. ^ Zaman, Sarah; Saine, Cindy (9 August 2023). "Purported Text of Secret Cable Shows US Ire at Imran Khan". Voice of America. Retrieved 12 August 2023.
  166. ^ "Opposition submits no-confidence motion against PM Imran Khan". www.geo.tv. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
  167. ^ Shahzad, Asif (8 March 2022). "Pakistani opposition moves no-confidence motion to seek PM Khan's ouster". Reuters. Retrieved 4 April 2022.
  168. ^ "Copy of cipher 'missing' from PM House records, cabinet told". Dawn. 30 September 2022.
  169. ^ Malik, Hasnaat (10 April 2022). "Imran Khan sends diplomatic cypher to CJP". The Express Tribune.
  170. ^ "All institutions were on board over former PM's Russia visit: DG ISPR". ARY News. arynews.tv. 14 April 2022. Retrieved 15 April 2022.
  171. ^ "Imran Khan advised President Alvi to dissolve assemblies". 3 April 2022.
  172. ^ National Assembly of Pakistan (28 February 2012). "The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan" (PDF). Retrieved 10 April 2022.
  173. ^ "Imran Khan ousted as Pakistan's PM after key vote". BBC News. 9 April 2022.
  174. ^ "Imran Khan becomes first PM to be ousted via no-trust vote". The Express Tribune. 9 April 2022. Retrieved 9 April 2022.
  175. ^ Chaudhry, Fahad (9 April 2022). "Imran Khan loses no-trust vote, prime ministerial term comes to unceremonious end". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 9 April 2022.
  176. ^ "Live updates: NA votes out PM Imran Khan in a historic first for Pakistan". www.thenews.com.pk. Retrieved 9 April 2022.
  177. ^ "No-trust motion: Imran Khan becomes first prime minister to be voted out of pow". The Nation. Retrieved 9 April 2022.
  178. ^ "Protests in Pakistan over Khan's removal, Sharif set to be new PM". www.aljazeera.com. 11 April 2022. Retrieved 14 April 2022. Khan has claimed the US worked behind the scenes to bring him down, purportedly because of Washington's displeasure over his independent foreign policy choices, which often favour China and Russia.
  179. ^ "Imran Khan supporters stage protests across Pakistan against his ouster as PM". The Economic Times. 11 April 2022. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
  180. ^ "Imran Khan supporters stage protests across Pakistan against his ouster as PM". The New Indian Express. 11 April 2022. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
  181. ^ Hussain, Abid (14 November 2022). "Imran Khan's U-turn: No longer blaming US for his ouster as PM". Al Jazeera.
  182. ^ "Imran Khan seeks to repair ties with US; says cipher conspiracy is over". The News International. 13 November 2022.

Bibliography

[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Premiership_of_Imran_Khan&oldid=1256682419"