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NGC 4318

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NGC 4318
SDSS image of NGC 4318.
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
ConstellationVirgo
Right ascension12h 22m 43.3s[1]
Declination08° 11′ 54″[1]
Redshift0.004106[1]
Heliocentric radial velocity1231 km/s[1]
Distance72 Mly (22 Mpc)[1]
Group or clusterVirgo W′ group[2]
Apparent magnitude (V)13.8[1]
Characteristics
TypeS0[3]
Mass7.2×1009[4] M☉
Size~22,000 ly (6.7 kpc) (estimated)[1]
Apparent size (V)0.84 x 0.69[1]
Other designations
UGC 07446, VCC 0575, PGC 040122, MCG 02-32-015[1]

NGC 4318 is a small lenticular galaxy[3] located about 72 million light-years away[5] in the constellation Virgo. It was discovered by astronomer John Herschel on January 18, 1828.[6] NGC 4318 is a member of the Virgo W′ group,[2][7][8][9] a group of galaxies in the background of the Virgo Cluster[2] that is centered on the giant elliptical galaxy NGC 4365.[9]

Physical characteristics

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NGC 4318 contains a small,[3] classical bulge[10] and a nuclear stellar disc with a diameter of ~230 ly (70 pc).[11] Outside the nuclear stellar disc lies a sharply bounded, low surface brightness region with a diameter of ~1,800 ly (560 pc) beyond which lies a larger outer disk.[3][12]

Black Hole

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NGC 4318 harbors a supermassive black hole with an estimated mass of 4 million (5×106 M☉) solar masses.[13][14][15]

Globular clusters

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NGC 4318 is surrounded by 18 globular clusters.[16][17]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for NGC 4318. Retrieved 2019-08-31.
  2. ^ a b c Merritt, David; Anthony, Andre; Peng, Eric; Jordan, Andres; Ferrarese, Laura; West, Michael; Tonry, John; Cote, Patrick; Blakeslee, John (2007-02-20). "The ACS Virgo Cluster Survey. XIII. SBF Distance Catalog and the Three-Dimensional Structure of the Virgo Cluster". The Astrophysical Journal. 655 (1): 144–162. arXiv:astro-ph/0702510. Bibcode:2007ApJ...655..144M. doi:10.1086/509598. S2CID 16483538.
  3. ^ a b c d Bender, Ralf; Cornell, Mark E.; Fisher, David B.; Kormendy, John (2009). "Structure and Formation of Elliptical and Spheroidal Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 182 (1): 216–309. arXiv:0810.1681. Bibcode:2009ApJS..182..216K. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/182/1/216. S2CID 119273143.
  4. ^ Couch, Warrick J.; Forbes, Duncan A.; Hau, George K. T.; Spolaor, Max (2010-07-05). "Early-type galaxies at large galactocentric radii - I. Stellar kinematics and photometric properties". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 408 (1): 254–271. arXiv:1007.0599v1. Bibcode:2010MNRAS.408..254S. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17282.x.
  5. ^ "Your NED Search Results". ned.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2019-09-01.
  6. ^ "New General Catalog Objects: NGC 4300 - 4349". cseligman.com. Retrieved 2019-08-19.
  7. ^ West, Michael J.; Tonry, John L.; Peng, Eric W.; Infante, Leopoldo; Ferrarese, Laura; Cote, Patrick; Mei, Simona; Jordan, Andres; Blakeslee, John P. (2009-01-08). "The ACS Fornax Cluster Survey. V. Measurement and Recalibration of Surface Brightness Fluctuations and a Precise Value of the Fornax--Virgo Relative Distance". The Astrophysical Journal. 694 (1): 556–572. arXiv:0901.1138. Bibcode:2009ApJ...694..556B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/694/1/556. S2CID 16521293.
  8. ^ West, Michael J.; Tonry, John L.; Infante, Leopoldo; Mei, Simona; Kissler-Patig, Markus; Ferrarese, Laura; Cote, Patrick; Blakeslee, John P.; Peng, Eric W. (2010-04-16). "The ACS Fornax Cluster Survey. VIII. The Luminosity Function of Globular Clusters in Virgo and Fornax Early-Type Galaxies and its Use as a Distance Indicator". The Astrophysical Journal. 717 (2): 603–616. arXiv:1004.2883v1. Bibcode:2010ApJ...717..603V. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/717/2/603.
  9. ^ a b Schindler, Sabine; Vikhlinin, Alexey; Nulsen, Paul E. J.; Li, Zhiyuan; Churazov, Eugene; Zhuravleva, Irina; Zhang, Zhongli; Randall, Scott W.; Blom, Christina (2012-03-07). "Chandra observations of NGC4342, an optically faint, X-ray gas-rich early-type galaxy". The Astrophysical Journal. 755 (1): 25. arXiv:1203.1642v2. Bibcode:2012ApJ...755...25B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/755/1/25.
  10. ^ Romanowsky, Aaron J.; Fall, S. Michael (2018-08-07). "Angular Momentum and Galaxy Formation Revisited: Scaling Relations for Disks and Bulges". The Astrophysical Journal. 868 (2): 133. arXiv:1808.02525v2. Bibcode:2018ApJ...868..133F. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaeb27. S2CID 119061427.
  11. ^ Ledo, H. R.; Sarzi, M.; Dotti, M.; Khochfar, S.; Morelli, L. (2010-09-01). "A census of nuclear stellar discs in early-type galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 407 (2): 969–985. Bibcode:2010MNRAS.407..969L. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16990.x. hdl:2299/5422. ISSN 0035-8711.
  12. ^ West, Michael J.; Tonry, John L.; Milosavljevic, Milos; Merritt, David; Mei, Simona; Piatek, Slawomir; Blakeslee, John P.; Peng, Eric W.; Jordan, Andres (2006-02-14). "The ACS Virgo Cluster Survey. VI. Isophotal Analysis and the Structure of Early-Type Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 164 (2): 334–434. arXiv:astro-ph/0602297. Bibcode:2006ApJS..164..334F. doi:10.1086/501350. S2CID 18618068.
  13. ^ Gallo, Elena; Treu, Tommaso; Marshall, Philip J.; Woo, Jong-Hak; Leipski, Christian; Antonucci, Robert (2010-05-01). "AMUSE-Virgo. II. Down-sizing in Black Hole Accretion". The Astrophysical Journal. 714 (1): 25–36. arXiv:1002.3619. Bibcode:2010ApJ...714...25G. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/714/1/25. hdl:1721.1/95905. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 53603460.
  14. ^ Antonucci, Robert; Miller, Brendan P.; Woo, Jong-Hak; Treu, Tommaso; Gallo, Elena; Leipski, Christian (2011-11-29). "AMUSE-VIRGO. III: mid-infrared photometry of early-type galaxies and limits on obscured nuclear emission". The Astrophysical Journal. 744 (2): 152. arXiv:1111.6774. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/744/2/152. S2CID 119203992.
  15. ^ "VizieR". vizier.u-strasbg.fr. Retrieved 2019-09-01.
  16. ^ Alessi, Matthew; Harris, Gretchen L. H.; Harris, William E. (2013-06-10). "A Catalog of Globular Cluster Systems: What Determines the Size of a Galaxy's Globular Cluster Population?". The Astrophysical Journal. 772 (2): 82. arXiv:1306.2247v1. Bibcode:2013ApJ...772...82H. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/772/2/82.
  17. ^ West, Andrew A.; Tonry, John L.; Mei, Simona; Ferrarese, Laura; Chen, Chin-Wei; Blakeslee, John P.; West, Michael J.; Takamiya, Marianne; Cote, Patrick (2008-03-04). "The ACS Virgo Cluster Survey XV. The Formation Efficiencies of Globular Clusters in Early-Type Galaxies: The Effects of Mass and Environment". The Astrophysical Journal. 681 (1): 197. arXiv:0803.0330v1. Bibcode:2008ApJ...681..197P. doi:10.1086/587951.
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