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List of active equipment of the German Air Force

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This list intends to give an accurate detail list of the equipment currently fielded by the German Air Force.

Current inventory

[edit]
Aircraft Origin Image Type Variant In service Notes
Combat aircraft
Eurofighter Typhoon  Germany

 Italy

 Spain

 UK

Interceptor T1 33
multirole T2 79
multirole T3 31
Panavia Tornado  Germany

 Italy

 UK

multirole IDS 68 [1]
Panavia Tornado  Germany

 Italy

 UK

SEAD / ECR (Electronic Combat Reconnaissance) ECR 21 [1]
Military Transport / Aerial refueling
Airbus A400M  Europe tactical airlifter / aerial refueling A400M 40 13 additional still on order[2]
Lockheed Martin C-130J  United States tactical airlifter C-130J-30 3 [3]
 United States tactical airlifter / aerial refueling KC-130J 3 [4]
Helicopter
Airbus Helicopters H145  Germany light utility EC645 T2 LUH SOF 16 German Air Force as a special forces transport helicopter and has been configured to support their missions both during the day and night.

Flown by Special Forces Command[5]

Eurocopter AS532  France VIP transport AS532 U2 3 [6]
Sikorsky CH-53  United States transport CH-53G 66 [7]
Trainer aircraft
Grob G 120  Germany basic trainer G 120A / G 120TP 6 / 5 [8] / [8]
Northrop T-38  United States jet trainer T-38C 46[9]
UAVs
IAI Heron  Israel surveillance Heron 1 5[10] to be replaced by Heron TP[10]
IAI Heron  Israel surveillance and combat Heron TP (Eitan) 5[10] 5 on order[10]
Transport - "Grey Fleet"
Airbus A321neo  Europe Transport and

MEDEVAC

A321LR 2 [11]
Transport - "White Fleet"
Airbus A319  Europe VIP transport A319CJ 2 Passenger and material transport, strategic patient air transport or flights within the framework of arms control[6]
Open Skies A319OH 1 The new observation platform OH ("Offener Himmel" = "Open Sky") is equipped with electro-optical sensors, an EO-S/digital camera and an infrared sensor (IR-S) based on an A319CJ from Lufthansa Technik.[12]
Airbus A321  Europe VIP, troops transport A321-200 1 [6]
Airbus A350  Europe VIP, troops transport ACJ350 3 [13]
Bombardier Global 5000 Canada Canada VIP transport Global 5000 3 [6]
Bombardier Global 6000 Canada Canada VIP transport Global 6000 3 [14][15][6]

Collaborations with German Air Force Participation

[edit]
Aircraft Origin Operator Image Type Variant In service Notes
Airbus A330  Europe MMF

(Multinational Multi-Role Tanker Transport Fleet)

Belgium Belgium

Czech Republic Czechia

Germany Germany

Luxembourg Luxembourg

Netherlands Netherlands

Norway Norway

Tanker

Cargo transport

Passenger transport

Medical evacuation

A330 MRTT 7 3 on order, the last one to be delivered in 2026
Boeing E-3 Sentry  United States NAEW&CF program

(NATO Airborne Early Warning & Control Force)

 NATO

Belgium Belgium

Canada Canada

Czech Republic Czechia

Germany Germany

Greece Greece

Hungary Hungary  

Italy Italy  

Luxembourg Luxembourg

Netherlands  Netherlands

Poland Poland

Portugal Portugal

Romania Romania

Turkey Turkey

United States USAF

Spain Spain

Norway Norway

Denmark Denmark

AEW&C

(Airborne early warning and control)

E-3A 14 18 aircraft used initially[1]
Northrop Grumman – RQ-4 Global Hawk  United States AGS

(Alliance Ground Surveillance)

 NATO

Bulgaria Bulgaria

Czech Republic Czechia

Estonia Estonia

Germany Germany

Italy Italy  

Latvia Latvia

Lithuania Lithuania  

Luxembourg Luxembourg

Poland Poland

Romania Romania

Slovakia Slovakia

Slovenia Slovenia

United Kingdom UK

United States USAF

Norway Norway

Denmark Denmark

UAV HALE /

ISR /

Combat

RQ-4D Phoenix

(Block 40)

5

Note, NHV provides the H145 rotorcraft training[16][17]

Armament

[edit]

Weapons and equipment used on each aircraft

[edit]

Panavia Tornado IDS variant

[edit]

The IDS standard variant is a strike aircraft. The Recce sub-variant can perform all tasks of the IDS, and is capable of performing reconnaissance missions with a pod. This variant has a modified cockpit cabling and a different cockpit display (ASSTA-1 modernisation).[18]

Tornado ECR

[edit]

An electronic warfare and SEAD / DEAD aircraft [18].

Eurofighter T1

[edit]

Eurofighter T2, T3 and T4

[edit]

Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II

[edit]
Complementary elements for some weapons
[edit]

Conventional Guided bombs:

Air Defence Systems

[edit]

Surface-to-air missiles

[edit]
Model Image Origin Type Number Notes
MIM-104 Patriot

Mobile and Protected Signals Intelligence

 Germany

 United States

SAM 7 During Cold War, Germany had 36 Patriot systems in service.

In July 2024:

  • 7 systems in service[31]
  • 3 from the storage delivered to Ukraine in April 2023, PAC-3 variant[31][32]

The systems in service are upgraded to PAC-3 standard, and it is equipped with PAC-2 and PAC-3 CRI missiles in service. Germany has also PAC-3 MSE and PAC-2 GEM-T missiles on order. Among the systems in service:

The existing PAC2 missiles have a service life limited to 2030.[33]

IRIS-T SLM

Part of the ESSI

 Germany Tactical air defense system 1 / 6[34] The PAC-3 MSE missile is expected to be supplemented by IRIS-T SLM as secondary missile for ground-based medium range air defence. It is based on the IRIS-T air-to-air missile[35] equipped with an enlarged rocket motor, data link, and jettisonable drag-reducing nose cone.[36]

The radar system expected is the Hensoldt TRML-4D, and it should be supported by the Integrated Battle Management Software Fire Control System (IBMS-FS) by Airbus.

Six batteries are purchased for €950 million and the delivery will start from 2024,[37] 8 in total are expected eventually.

First delivery in August 2024.[34]

Ozelot

LeFlaSys (leichtes Flugabwehrsystem)

FlaRaWaTrg:

AFF:

BF/UF:

 Germany

 United States

Light SHORAD 67 vehicles System based on Wiesel 2 vehicles, composed of the variants:
  • 50 FlaRaWaTrg weapon carriers equipped with 3FIM-92 Stinger missiles ( 4 in storage)
  • 7 AFF radar and fire control posts equipped with a 3D radar, a IFF system and a command system
  • 10 BF/UF ("FlaFührung"), platoon command posts

Operated by the 3rd Squadron of 61 Surface-to-Air Missile Group. A standard battery is made of

  • 1 AFF[38]
  • 1 BF/UF
  • 5–8 FlaRaWaTrg

Radar systems

[edit]
Model Image Origin Type Quantity Notes
Ground Master 406F  France

 United States

Early Warning (EW) Radar /

AESA Radar

6 Modified variant of the GM400 for the German forces, for a fixed radar system.

Operated by the "Operational Command Service" of the Luftwaffe (EinsFüDstLw).

Manufactured by Thales Raytheon Systems.[39]

HADR NF  Germany

 Israel

3D radar /

Long range air surveillance /

Active Phased Array Radar

4
RRP 117  United States 3D radar /

Long range air surveillance /

Active Phased Array Radar

8 Under radome, in service since 1998
Selex RAT-31DL Italy Italy L-band solid state phased array /

3D surveillance radar

2 500 km range https://electronics.leonardo.com/en/products/rat-31dl
Hensoldt’s ASR-S

(Illustration image)

 Germany Airport surveillance radar 20 Radar used for:
  • approach control at the airfields
  • airspace surveillance in order to coordinate and integrate the military movements within the civilian traffic (100 km radius)[40]
[edit]
Model Image Origin Type Quantity Notes
TACAN — Tactical air navigation — [41]

Future equipment for the German Air Force

[edit]

Aircraft

[edit]

List of new aircraft ordered

[edit]
Aircraft Origin Image Type Variant Ordered Notes
Combat aircraft
Eurofighter Typhoon  United Kingdom

 Germany

 Italy

 Spain

Swingrole T4 38 [42]
Swingrole T5 (20) Planned order[43]
SEAD / ECR (Electronic Combat Reconnaissance) ECR 15 [44][45]
Lockheed Martin F-35  United States multirole / nuclear deterrent bomber F-35A 35 [46]

Purchased to continue German contribution to the Nuclear sharing B61-12

Helicopter
CH-47 Chinook  United States Heavy transport helicopter CH-47F Block II 60 [47]
H145  Germany Attack helicopter H145M 5 62 ordered by the German military, 5 for the Luftwaffe, 57 for the army. 20 additional ones are on option.[48]
UAVs
Eurodrone  France

 Germany

 Italy

 Spain

surveillance, reconnaissance and combat — 21 7 systems on contract with 21 drones for €3 billion[49][50]
SIGINT
PEGASUS  Germany

 Canada

 United States

Surveillance Global 6000 3 Ordered in 2021, to enter service by 2025 and replace the Eurohawk[14][15][6]

Aircraft to be replaced

[edit]

List of aircraft that are planned to be replaced in a near future for which the successor has not yet been selected.

Aircraft Origin Image Type Quantity Notes
Eurocopter AS532 U2  France VIP transport 3 €200 million budget for the replacement.

It is planned to be replaced from 2027 (after 30 years in service).[51]

Equipment for future German aircraft

[edit]

F-35 (future equipment)

[edit]

Future aircraft for the German Air Force, to take over the nuclear deterrence mission and to be used as a strike aircraft as well:[52]

Eurofighter ECR

[edit]

Air defence of the German military

[edit]

Purchases confirmed

[edit]
System Image Origin Type Number Notes
SAM Systems
Arrow 3  Israel United States Anti-ballistic missile 3 The sale has been approved by Israel and the USA.

The contract cost is $3.5 billion and Germany already paid a $600 million initial payment[57][58]

MIM-104 Patriot PAC-3

Part of the ESSI

 Germany

 United States

SAM /Anti-ballistic missile 8 048402

Orders:

  • 4 fire units ordered to Raytheon, confirmed in March 2024, $1.2 billion cost.[59]
  • 4 fire units approved by the parliament in July 2024 for €1.35 billion[60]

The contracts include the fire units, spare parts and support services.

SAM missiles
MIM-104 Patriot - PAC-2 GEM-T  Germany United States Surface-to-air missiles 200

( 300 on option)

Framework agreement for up to 500 missiles approved in December 2023 for €3.01 billion.[61]

The missiles will be assembled in Germany, and the main subcontractors will be MBDA, Bayern Chemie, TDW Gesellschaft für Wirksysteme, Sener Aerospacial and RTX.[62]

Orders:

  • 100 confirmed order for €602.1 million[63]
  • 100 ordered in August 2024 for €430 million[64] (after approval by the Bundestag in July 2024[65])
Air-to-air missiles
Meteor  United Kingdom

 Germany

 France

 Italy

 Spain

 Sweden

Air-to-air missiles —

(€521 million)

Approved for purchase in November 2024.[66]
AIM-120C AMRAAM  United States Air-to-air missiles 105 Ordered with the F-35A.[67]
AIM-120C-8 AMRAAM  United States Air-to-air missiles —

(969 planned)

In July 2023, the US State Department approved the sale of AIM-120C8 for €2.61 billion. It includes: 969 AIM-120C-8 12 guidance sections Captive Air Training Missiles support equipment.[68]

In May 2024, the Parliamentary Budget Committee approved the purchase of an unknown quantity of missiles for €178 million.[69]

IRIS-T  Germany Air-to-air missiles 120

( 1,160 in option)

Ordered in December 2023. €108 million for the 120 first missiles in the LFK version (air-air).[70]
Air-to-ground missiles
Brimstone 3  United Kingdom Air-to-surface missiles 379 Framework agreement for 3,266 missiles approved in June 2024.[71]

Orders:

  • June 2024 379 missiles for €376 million[72][73]
    • 274 missiles launchers ordered to MBDA Deutschland[71]
    • 29 missiles for operational testing 75 missiles for telemetry[71]

Potential future equipment

[edit]

The equipment mentioned here is part of the program NNbS, ("Nah- und Nächstbereichs-schutz"), close air-support for the ground troops. At the moment, no decision has been made regarding the operator of those systems, it could go to the Bundeswehr or the Luftwaffe. In 2010, the German forces decided to retire the last 90 Flakpanzer Gepard. In 2012, the air defense of the Bundeswehr was completely disbanded. The Luftwaffe was to support the German forces with their Wiesel 2 Ozelot, and German soldiers had access to FIM-92 Stinger MANPADS.

This equipment described below is the most likely candidates that have been mentioned by the German military and by the German defence industry. More details can be found on the page "List of modern equipment of the German Army".

System Image Notes
Lockheed Martin F-35 8 additional being considered.[74]
AGM-158B JASSM-ER 75 planned by the Bundeswehr.[75]
AIM-120C-8 AMRAAM The Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA) asked for the Congress approval of potentially USD $2.90 billion in military sales for the German Air Force on the 19th of July 2023.[76][77]

This sale would include:

  • 969 AIM-120C-8 AMRAAM
  • ≤ 12 AMRAAM C8 guidance sections
  • AIM-120 Captive Air Training Missiles
  • Support equipment (telemetry kit and control section spares and containers, spare parts and support)
IRIS-T SLS Mk III ARGE NNbS (joint venture including Diehl Defence, Rheinmetall Electronics and Hensoldt Sensors) offered the following solution for the "Surface-to-air missile / SHORAD" phase of the program:[78]
Skyranger 30

NNbS program (Nah- und Nächstbereichs-schutz)

Rheinmetall Air Defense offers this Boxer 8x8 equipped with an Oerlikon Skyranger 30 turret for the "SHORAD / C-RAM" phase of the program:[79]

Weapons:

Sensors

  • S-band AESA Multi-Mission Radar (AMMR) by Rheinmetall Italia
  • FIRST ("Fast Infrared search and track")
  • TREO compact target tracker (1 HD cooled MWIR thermal camera, 1 HD camera
  • two laser rangefinders, one for air targets one for land targets
MIM-104 Patriot - PAC-3 MSE Germany cleared by DSCA to purchase up to 600 missiles.
Patriot system maintenance
  • 120 carrier vehicles to be ordered
  • 129 power systems [80]
Geostationary communications satellites — Procurement of 2 SATCOMBw Level 3 Initial Capability satellites [81]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c "WORLD AIR FORCES 2022". Flight Global. Retrieved 2022-06-25.
  2. ^ "15. Bericht des Bundesministeriums der Verteidigung zu Rüstungsangelegenheiten Teil 1" (PDF). BMVg. 2022-06-01. Retrieved 2022-07-02.
  3. ^ "Germany's third C-130J delivered". scramble.nl. 2022-08-25. Retrieved 2022-09-07.
  4. ^ ES&T Redaktion (2024-04-23). "Alle sechs deutschen Transportflugzeuge C-130J in Evreux". esut.de (in German). Retrieved 2024-04-25.
  5. ^ "Airbus Helicopters and German Armed Forces sign largest H145M contract | Airbus". www.airbus.com. 2023-12-13. Retrieved 2024-10-19.
  6. ^ a b c d e f "Die Flugbereitschaft des Bundesministeriums der Verteidigung". Bundeswehr (in German). 21 February 2022. Retrieved 2022-06-25.
  7. ^ "Rheinmetall now providing support and maintenance for German Air Force CH-53G transport helicopters at all bases" (Press release). Rheinmetall. 2022-03-22. Retrieved 2022-04-02.
  8. ^ a b "FLEET CUSTOMERS". Grob Aircraft. Retrieved 2022-06-25.
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  13. ^ Pallini, Thomas (2020-08-23). "Germany just took delivery of its new VIP plane that will fly the country's top government officials – take a look". Business Insider. Retrieved 2022-06-25.
  14. ^ a b "Germany to regain SIGINT capability with new Pegasus fleet". Flight Global. 2021-06-30. Retrieved 2022-06-25.
  15. ^ a b "German Air Force SIGINT capacity". www.scramble.nl. 2022-11-27. Retrieved 2022-11-27.
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  30. ^ Dubois, Gastón (2023-06-20). "Paris Air Show: this is what the Eurofighter proposed to Spain for the Halcon II program looks like". Aviacionline.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 2023-06-25.
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  49. ^ "Eurodrone Arrives – Finabel". finabel.org. 2021-04-27. Retrieved 2023-09-18.
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  51. ^ ES&T Redaktion (2024-01-15). "Drei VIP-Hubschrauber Cougar sollen ersetzt werden". esut.de (in German). Retrieved 2024-01-16.
  52. ^ "US-Regierung billigt Verkauf von F-35-Kampfjets an Deutschland – Augen geradeaus!". augengeradeaus.net. Retrieved 2023-11-06.
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Further reading

[edit]

Hundreds of books, magazines and articles have been written about the Luftwaffe. A select few are listed here.

  • Amadio, Jill (2002), Günther Rall: A Memoir, Seven Locks Press. ISBN 0-9715533-0-0.
  • Philpott, Bryan (1986), History of the German Air Force, Hamlyn. ISBN 0-600-50293-7.
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