Czerniejewo

Czerniejewo
Palace in Czerniejewo
Coat of arms
Czerniejewo
Coordinates: 52°26′N 17°29′E
Country	Poland
Voivodeship	Greater Poland
County	Gniezno
Gmina	Czerniejewo
First mentioned	1284
Town rights	before 1390
Government
• Mayor	Tadeusz Józef Szymanek
Area
• Total	10.2 km2 (3.9 sq mi)
Population  (31 December 2021)
• Total	2,654
• Density	260/km2 (670/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC 1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC 2 (CEST)
Postal code	62-250
Area code	48 61
Car plates	PGN
Climate	Dfb
Website	http://www.czerniejewo.pl

Czerniejewo [t͡ʂɛrɲɛˈjɛvɔ] is a town and municipality in central Poland with 2,654 inhabitants as of December 2021. It is situated in Gniezno County, in the Greater Poland Voivodeship.

Czerniejewo is located on the Wrześnica River, in a predominantly farming area. It is 15 km (9 mi) from Gniezno, and 12 km (7 mi) from Września.

History

Expulsion of Poles by Nazi Germany in 1939

Human settlement in Czerniejewo dates back to prehistoric times, however, the earliest mention of the settlement comes from 1284. It was a royal possession from then until 1386 when Polish King Władysław II Jagiełło gave it to Sędziwój Pałuka from Szubin. At that time the town already had the right to hold markets. By 1390 the town had full Magdeburg rights. In 1581 King Stephen Báthory granted the town the right to hold trade fairs. Czerniejewo was a private town of Polish nobility, administratively located in the Gniezno County in the Kalisz Voivodeship in the Greater Poland Province of the Kingdom of Poland. It often changed owners, among which were the Czarnkowski family (from 1863 to 1644) and the Opaliński family (from 1644 to 1726). In 1771 General Jan Lipski began building a palace, adjacent to the town, which was completed in 1780.

In the Second Partition of Poland, in 1793, Czerniejewo was annexed by Prussia, and was called Schwarzenau. Following the successful Greater Poland uprising of 1806, it was regained by Poles and included within the short-lived Duchy of Warsaw. In 1815 it was re-annexed by Prussia and made part of the Grand Duchy of Poznań. In 1871 it became part of Germany. The town was connected to the German railway system in 1875. In 1918, following World War I, Poland regained independence, and in 1918-1919 the inhabitants participated in the large Greater Poland Uprising (1918–1919), and the town was reintegrated with the reborn Polish state under its historic name Czerniejewo.

During the invasion of Poland, which started World War II in September 1939, the town was invaded and then occupied by Germany. The first expulsions of local Polish inhabitants were carried out by the occupiers in November and December 1939. In January 1945, the Red Army captured the town, and afterwards it was restored to Poland.

Demographics

Historical population

Year Pop. ±% 1843 1,297 —     1871 1,598 23.2% 1880 1,575 −1.4% 1890 1,458 −7.4% 1900 1,324 −9.2% 1910 1,427 7.8%	Year Pop. ±% 1921 1,343 −5.9% 1931 1,392 3.6% 1939 1,587 14.0% 1950 1,230 −22.5% 1960 1,928 56.7% 2010 2,598 34.8%
Source:

Notable residents

• Onufry Kopczyński (1736–1817), educator and grammarian of the Polish language during the Polish Enlightenment

Gallery

• 
  Main gate to the Lipski Palace
• 
  Piła pond in the Palace Park
• 
  Saint John the Baptist church
• 
  Old carriage house

External links

• Czerniejewo official town webpage in Polish;
• map of Czerniejewo area from Szukacz;
• Early Medieval Hoard from Kąpiel, Czerniejewo commune, Wielkopolska voivodeship Archaeology Museum of Poznan;
• History of Czerniejewo in Polish;
• Czerniejewo official municipal (gmina) webpage in Polish ;