Jump to content

Curator aedium sacrarum et operum locorumque publicorum

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Temple of Portunus, Rome. The curatores aedium would have been responsible for managing such buildings.

The curator aedium sacrarum et operum locorumque publicorum (pl. curatores) was a political position in ancient Rome.[1][2][3][4] The name translates to 'curator of sacred buildings and public works'.[5] In surviving Roman inscriptions, the words aedium sacrarum are usually preceded by the word curator, but sometimes by resitutor or subcurator.[6][7] The name utilized for this office was not officially standardized in ancient Rome. Inscriptions use any combination of the words curator, aedium sacrarum, et operum, locorumque publicorum, and populi Romani to refer to the office.[8][9]

This position may have been reserved for a pair of senators typically of praetorian but sometimes of consular rank.[8][10][11] It is also possible the position was a local, municipal title; rather than an imperial position reserved for prominent politicians. One inscription records an individual named Julius Galerius Asper, who was allowed to hold this position before he had become a quaestor. Possibly due to his prestigious father,[12] although it could also mean that the position was not exclusively for high-ranking senators. This claim is evidenced by the omission of this title in other attestations to Asper. It has been argued that if the title was important to Roman politics, it would have been mentioned.[10]

Equestrians typically held the office of subcurator aedium sacrarum.[8][13] Although, one equestrian named Furius Octavianus is recorded during the third century as a curator.[14] One inscription from Bremenium mentions a subcurator operum publicorum who is the husband of a woman named Julia Lucilla. This may be Rufinus, who is mentioned as the husband of a Julia Lucilla in another inscription from Bremenium.[15] Equestrian subcurators were attached to the senatorial position of curator aedium sacrarum.[16]

It was established between 11 BCE and 14 CE by Augustus or Tiberius to manage the upkeep and construction of public works,[17][18][19] sacred places, and temples.[20][21][22][23] These tasks were previously accomplished by the aediles.[24][25] There were two curatores aedium sacrarum, and they only held their office for one year.[10][26] Sometimes one of the curators was tasked with managing the public works, while another one of the curators was tasked with managing the sacred buildings.[8] They used a workforce consisting of freedmen.[4] The position may not have continued existing after the Julio-Claudian dynasty.[27] It is also possible that it continued to exist, even into the Later Roman Empire, becoming known as the curator operum publicorum vir clarissimus by the time of Diocletian. They may have assumed responsibility for the management of imperial edifices during this time.[28]

List of known curatores aedium

[edit]
Name Date Reference
Quintus Varius Geminus Early parts of the reign of Tiberius [29]
Publius Sulpicius Scribonius Proculus Reign of Nero [30][31][32]
Marcus Hirrius Fronto Neratius Pansa Reign of Nero [33]
Gnaeus Pinarius Cornelius Clemens Reign of Vespasian [34][35]
Tiberius Julius Celsus Polemaeanus Reign of Domitian [36][37]
Salvius Julianus Reign of Trajan [38]
Gaius Bruttius Praesens Lucius Fulvius Rusticus Around 121 CE [39][40][41]
Publius Metilius Secundus Reign of Hadrian [41]
Gaius Vettius Sabinianus Julius Hospes Reign of Marcus Aurelius [42]
Lucius Burbuleius Optatus Ligarianus 136 CE [43]: 289 
Marcus Aemilius Papus 138 CE [43]: 289 
Gaius Julius Severus Around 140 CE [43]: 323 
Claudius Maximus Around 144 CE [43]: 289 
Titus Statilius Maximus 146 CE [44]
Titus Flavius Longinus Quintus Marcius Turbo Around 151 CE [43]: 290 
Caecillius ...illianus Maximus 159 CE [5]
Marcus Servilius Fabianus Maximus 160 CE [43]: 290 
Marcus Iallius Bassus 161 CE [43]: 290 
Cingius Severus 183 CE [45][46][47]
Seius Superstes 193 CE [48][49]
Fabius Magnus 193 CE [49]
Gaius Julius Galerius Asper 197 CE [12][50][51]
Lucius Plotius Sabinus Reign of Caracalla [52]
Publius Catius Sabinus 210 CE [53]
Clodius Pompeianus 244 CE [53]
Cethegius Pelagius 280–340 CE [54]
Furius Octavianus Reign of Maxentius [14][55][56]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Kamińska, Renata (2019). "PROCURATORES – IMPERIAL AGENTS OR CURATORS' ASSISTANTS?". Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego – Seria Prawnicza (27): 63. ISSN 1730-3508.
  2. ^ Eck, Werner (1986), "Augustus' administrative Reformen. Pragmatismus oder systematisches Planen? –", Acta classica, 29.1986, pp. 105–120, retrieved 19 August 2022
  3. ^ Edmondson, Jonathan (24 March 2014). Augustus. Edinburgh University Press. p. 239. ISBN 978-0-7486-9538-6.
  4. ^ a b Behrwald, Ralf (26 October 2012), "Cura, curator", in Bagnall, Roger S; Brodersen, Kai; Champion, Craige B; Erskine, Andrew (eds.), The Encyclopedia of Ancient History, Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., p. wbeah22069, doi:10.1002/9781444338386.wbeah22069, ISBN 978-1-4443-3838-6, retrieved 19 August 2022
  5. ^ a b Clausen, KB 2015, The Flavian Isea in Beneventum and Rome: The appropriation of Egyptian and Egyptianising Art in imperial Beneventum and Rome. Det Humanistiske Fakultet, Københavns Universitet. p. 38
  6. ^ James, Patrick; Arbabzadah, Moreed (2018). "New and Old Interpretations of the Stone-Cutter's Bilingual Inscription ("IG" XIV 297 = "CIL" X 7296) from Palermo". Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik. 205: 145–150. ISSN 0084-5388. JSTOR 26603979.
  7. ^ Newton, Homer Curtis (1901). The Epigraphical Evidence for the Reigns of Vespasian and Titus (in Latin). Andrus and Church. p. 47.
  8. ^ a b c d Robinson, O. F. (27 August 2003). Ancient Rome: City Planning and Administration. Routledge. p. 46. ISBN 978-1-134-84494-4.
  9. ^ Duncan-Jones, Richard, ed. (2016), "The Career Ladder at Rome", Power and Privilege in Roman Society, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 22–35, doi:10.1017/CBO9781316575475.004, ISBN 978-1-107-14979-3, retrieved 10 November 2023
  10. ^ a b c Culham, Phyllis (1985). "A Municipal, Not Imperial, "Curator Aedium"". Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte. 34 (4): 503–505. ISSN 0018-2311. JSTOR 4438632.
  11. ^ Boatwright, Mary T. (1987). Hadrian and the City of Rome. Princeton University Press. p. 26. ISBN 978-0-691-00218-7.
  12. ^ a b Mann, J. C. (1997). "The Division of Britain in AD 197". Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik. 119: 251–254. ISSN 0084-5388. JSTOR 20190127.
  13. ^ ILS 1425.
  14. ^ a b CIL VI, 33856
  15. ^ Foubert, Lien (1 January 2013), "Female Travellers in Roman Britain: Vibia Pacata and Julia Lucilla", Women and the Roman City in the Latin West, Brill, pp. 398–399, ISBN 978-90-04-25595-1, retrieved 28 December 2023
  16. ^ Brunt, P. A. (1983). "Princeps and Equites". The Journal of Roman Studies. 73: 45. doi:10.2307/300072. ISSN 1753-528X. JSTOR 300072. S2CID 162326412 – via Cambridge Core.
  17. ^ Ceci, Monica; Pflug, Jens; Zink, Stephan (1 January 2020). "How a Temple Survives. Resilience and Architectural Design at Temple A of Largo Argentina in Rome". Römische Mitteilungen: 417.
  18. ^ Conlin, Diane Atnally (1997). The Artists of the Ara Pacis: The Process of Hellenization in Roman Relief Sculpture. UNC Press Books. p. 41. ISBN 978-0-8078-2343-9.
  19. ^ Suet. Aug. 37
  20. ^ Alston, Richard (4 January 2002). Aspects of Roman History AD 14–117. Routledge. p. 188. ISBN 978-1-134-78782-1.
  21. ^ Syme, Ronald (8 August 2002). The Roman Revolution. OUP Oxford. p. 403. ISBN 978-0-19-280320-7.
  22. ^ Du Plessis, Paul (1 December 2004). "The protection of the contractor in public works contracts in the Roman Republic and Early Empire". The Journal of Legal History. 25 (3): 303. doi:10.1080/0144036042000290735. ISSN 0144-0365. S2CID 219623307.
  23. ^ Raepsaet-Charlier, Marie-Thérèse (2001). "Anne Daguet-Gagey, Les opera publica à Rome (180-305 ap. J.-C)". L'Antiquité Classique. 70 (1): 479–480.
  24. ^ Pearce, Susan; Flanders, Rosemary; Morton, Fiona (5 December 2016). The Collector's Voice: Critical Readings in the Practice of Collecting: Volume 1: Ancient Voices. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-96412-8.
  25. ^ Minale, Valerio Massimo; Amorosi, Virginia (9 July 2019). History of Law and Other Humanities.Views of the legal world across the time. Dykinson S.L. pp. 151–152. ISBN 978-84-1324-308-5.
  26. ^ Gahtan, Maia Wellington; Pegazzano, Donatella (1 January 2014), "Museum Archetypes and Collecting: An Overview of the Public, Private, and Virtual Collections of the Ancient World", Museum Archetypes and Collecting in the Ancient World, Brill, p. 7, ISBN 978-90-04-28348-0, retrieved 28 December 2023
  27. ^ Talbert, Richard J. A. (8 February 2022). The Senate of Imperial Rome. Princeton University Press. p. 373. ISBN 978-1-4008-4976-5.
  28. ^ Cosenza, Mario Emilio (1905). Official Positions After the Time of Constantine. New Era Printing Company. pp. 39–41.
  29. ^ Daguet-Gagey, Anne (1997). Les opera publica à Rome (180–305 ap. J.-C.) /. Institut d'études Augustiniennes. ISBN 978-2-85121-168-2.
  30. ^ CIL XI, 1340
  31. ^ Speidel, Michael Alexander. "Scribonius Proculus: Curator aedium sacrarum et operum publicorum in Rom oder in Luna?". Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik 103 (1994) 209–214.
  32. ^ Hirt, Alfred Michael (25 March 2010). Imperial Mines and Quarries in the Roman World: Organizational Aspects 27 BC-AD 235. OUP Oxford. p. 316. ISBN 978-0-19-161440-8.
  33. ^ Mario Torelli, "The Cursus Honorum of M. Hirrius Fronto Neratius Pansa", Journal of Roman Studies, 58 (1968), pp. 170–175
  34. ^ Gallivan, Paul (1981). "The Fasti for A. D. 70–96". The Classical Quarterly. 31 (1): 186–220. doi:10.1017/S0009838800021194. ISSN 0009-8388. JSTOR 638472. S2CID 171027163.
  35. ^ "Cnaeus Pinarius Cornelius Clemens | Real Academia de la Historia". dbe.rah.es. Archived from the original on 3 October 2022. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
  36. ^ Corbier, Mireille (1974). "L'aerarium saturni et l'aerarium militare. Administration et prosopographie sénatoriale". Publications de l'École Française de Rome. 24 (1): 377.
  37. ^ Konig, Alice (18 November 2012). Library Building under Nerva, Trajan and Hadrian (PDF). University of St. Andrews. p. 1. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 November 2023.
  38. ^ Pearce, Richard John Hunter; Tomlin, Roger (2018). "A Roman military diploma for the German Fleet (19th November AD 150) found in northern England". Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik. 206: 207–216. ISSN 0084-5388.
  39. ^ G. Alföldy, Fasti Hispanienses (Wiesbaden 1969) 185.
  40. ^ "Inscription from Mactaris – Makthar (Africa Proconsularis)". edh.ub.uni-heidelberg.de. Archived from the original on 10 November 2023. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
  41. ^ a b Eck, Werner (1 January 1970). "Jahres- und Provinzialfasten der senatorischen Statthalter von 69/70 bis 138/139". Chiron. Mitteilungen der Kommission für Alte Geschichte und Epigraphik des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts (in German). 12: 281–362. doi:10.34780/9w21-9cli. ISSN 2510-5396.
  42. ^ Birley, Anthony, Marcus Aurelius: A Biography (2000) London: Routledge.  ISBN 978-0-415-17125-0
  43. ^ a b c d e f g Géza Alföldy, Konsulat und Senatorenstand unter der Antoninen (Bonn: Rudolf Habelt Verlag, 1977).
  44. ^ Werner Eck, "Die Fasti consulares der Regierungszeit des Antoninus Pius, eine Bestandsaufnahme seit Géza Alföldys Konsulat und Senatorenstand" in Studia epigraphica in memoriam Géza Alföldy, hg. W. Eck, B. Feher, and P. Kovács (Bonn, 2013), p. 74
  45. ^ Eck, Werner (Cologne) (1 October 2006), "Cingius Severus, C.", Brill’s New Pauly, Brill, retrieved 10 November 2023
  46. ^ CIL VI, 36874
  47. ^ Birley, A. R. (2 March 1991). "Caecilius Capella: Persecutor of Christians, Defender of Byzantium". Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies. 32 (1): 88. ISSN 2159-3159.
  48. ^ CIL VI, 1585b, CIL VI, 41261
  49. ^ a b Gordon, Arthur E. (1 September 2023). Illustrated Introduction to Latin Epigraphy. Univ of California Press. p. 152. ISBN 978-0-520-34274-3.
  50. ^ CIL XIV, 2505
  51. ^ Mann, J.C. (1997). "THE DIVISION OF BRITAIN IN AD 197" (PDF). Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik. 119: 251–254. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 June 2022.
  52. ^ Davenport, Caillan (2012). "Cassius Dio and Caracalla". The Classical Quarterly. 62 (2): 796–815. doi:10.1017/S0009838812000328. ISSN 0009-8388. S2CID 170366542.
  53. ^ a b Mennen, Inge, Power and Status in the Roman Empire, AD 193-284 (2011). pp 95-97.
  54. ^ "Lost base for statue (subject unstated), re-erected by Cethegius Pelagius, curator of sacred buildings. Rome, Forum. 280–340". laststatues.classics.ox.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 10 November 2023. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
  55. ^ Giacomo, Giovanna (2019). "FURIUS OCTAVIANUS, CLARISSIMUS VIR, PROPRIETARIO DI UNA VILLA NEL SUBURBIO DI ROMA" (PDF). Archeologia Classica. Rivista del Dipartimento di Scienze dell’antichità Sezione di Archeologia: 17. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 November 2023.
  56. ^ Giacomo, Giovanna Di (2019). "Furius Octavianus, clarissimus vir, proprietario di una villa nel suburbio di Roma". Archeologia Classica. 70: 747–756 – via Academia.edu.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Curator_aedium_sacrarum_et_operum_locorumque_publicorum&oldid=1258940645"