Charles Sebe
Xhanti Charles Sebe | |
|---|---|
| Died | 27/28 January 1991 |
| Known for | Ciskei state security head and rebel |
| Relatives | Lennox Sebe (brother) |
Lt. General Xhanti Charles Sebe[1] was leader of the Ciskei Defence Force- the military of the Bantustan of Ciskei, and its Director of State Security. A former Security Branch policeman, he later joined the South African Bureau of State Security (B.O.S.S.) before founding the Ciskei state security apparatus.[2] Described as having created a police state in Ciskei,[3][4] and being perceived as its de facto ruler,[5] he is the young brother of Lennox Sebe. He was subsequently arrested by his brother's government, and sentenced to prison by the Ciskei government for incitement,[6][7] but was rescued from jail by white mercenaries,[8] and escaped to the nearby Bantustan of Transkei, where he began an organisation that aimed to overthrow his brother's government.[9]
Sebe was lured, with Onward Guzana, back to Ciskei in an operation orchestrated by South African security forces[10][11] in 1991 27/28 January, during the rule of Oupa Gqozo, and, having been wounded in an ambush which killed an associate, was the subject of a manhunt, and he was subsequently shot to death by the Ciskei Security forces.[11][12][13] Gqozo was tried in 1993 for murder by the Ciskei Supreme Court and, with codefendant Sergeant-Major Thozamile Veliti, was acquitted.[14]
Sebe's killing was later investigated by South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation Commission.[10]
References
[edit]- ^ "Lt. Gen. Charles Xhanti Sebe: A few Famous Quotes". www.museum.za.net.
- ^ "Truth Commission - Special Report - TRC Final Report - Volume 2, Section 1, Chapter". sabctrc.saha.org.za.
- ^ Lelyveld, Joseph (25 September 1983). "MISERY IN A SOUTH AFRICAN 'HOMELAND'". The New York Times.
- ^ "South Africa: Ciskei: Ten Years on Human Rights and the Fiction of "Independence" (Human Rights Watch Report, December 20, 1991)". www.hrw.org.
- ^ "Truth Commission - Special Report - TRC Final Report - Volume 2, Section 1, Chapter". sabctrc.saha.org.za.
- ^ sahoboss (16 March 2011). "Former commander of the armed forces of the Ciskei, Major-General Charles Sebe is imprisoned".
- ^ "Application in terms of section 18 of the promotion of National Unity and Reconciliation Act, no. 34 of 1995 - Kwanele Enough Thoba applicant". Archived from the original on 19 August 2018.
- ^ Times, Alan Cowell and Special To the New York (20 October 1986). "PRETORIA PUZZLE: 'HOMELANDS' AT ODDS". The New York Times.
- ^ "SAPA - 29 Jul 96 - FORMER CISKEI RULER'S SON WAS MOST FEARED IN". www.justice.gov.za.
- ^ a b "Truth Commission - Special Report - TRC Final Report - Volume 3, Section 1, Chapter". sabctrc.saha.org.za.
- ^ a b "Pretoria's 'Divide and Rule' Strategy in Ciskei". Christian Science Monitor. 9 September 1992.
- ^ "The rule of brigadier Oupa Gqozo in Ciskei" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 August 2018. [bare URL PDF]
- ^ "South Africa: Second alleged Ciskei coup plotter killed".
- ^ "Today In History - YFM - Yona Ke Yona". yworld.co.za. Archived from the original on 19 August 2018. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
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