Jump to content

AIBO

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the robotic pet. For the Japanese television series, see Aibō.
Aibo
ManufacturerSony Corporation
InventorSONY's Digital Creatures Lab and Toshitada Doi
CountryJapan
Year of creation1999; 25 years ago (1999)
TypeDog
PurposeEntertainment
Websitehttp://aibo.com

AIBO (stylized as aibo, abbreviated as Artificial Intelligence RoBOt, homonymous with aibō (相棒), "pal" or "partner" in Japanese) is a series of robotic dogs designed and manufactured by Sony. Sony announced a prototype Aibo in mid-1998,[1] and the first consumer model was introduced on 11 May 1999.[2] New models were released every year until 2006. Although most models were dogs, other inspirations included lion cubs and space explorers. Only the ERS-7, ERS-110/111 and ERS-1000 versions were explicitly a "robotic dog", but the 210 can also be considered a dog due to its Jack Russell Terrier appearance and face.[3] In 2006, AIBO was added into the Carnegie Mellon University Robot Hall of Fame.[4]

On 26 January 2006 Sony announced that it would discontinue AIBO and several other products in an effort to make the company more profitable.[5] Sony's AIBO customer support was withdrawn gradually, with support for the final ERS-7M3 ending in March 2013.[6] In July 2014, Sony stopped providing repairs for AIBO products and did not provide customer support or repair for the older AIBO robots.[7]

In November 2017, Sony announced a new generation of AIBO.[8][9] The fourth generation model, ERS-1000, was launched in Japan on 11 January 2018. The second lottery sale was set on 6 February 2018.[10]

History

[edit]

The AIBO product line was developed at Sony's Computer Science Laboratory (CSL). Founded in 1990, CSL was set up to emulate the innovation center at the Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center (PARC). CSL's first product was the Aperios operating system, which later formed the base software used by some AIBO models. When Nobuyuki Idei became president of Sony in 1995, he sought to adopt a digital agenda and gave greater prominence to CSL.[11]

Two AIBO prototypes and transparent ERS-7

Dr. Toshitada Doi is credited as AIBO's original progenitor: in 1994 he had started work on robots at CSL with artificial intelligence expert Masahiro Fujita. Fujita felt that the robot's behaviors needed to "be sufficiently complex or unexpected so that people keep an interest in watching or taking care of it".[12] Fujita argued at the time that, while technologies such as voice recognition and vision were not mature enough for critical applications, their limited capabilities could be a novel, interesting and attractive feature for "appropriately designed entertainment robots". His early monkey-like prototype "MUTANT" included behaviors such as tracking a yellow ball, shaking hands, karate strikes and sleeping, which were later adopted in AIBOs. Fujita received the IEEE Inaba Technical Award for Innovation Leading to Production for AIBO as "the world's first mass-market consumer robot for entertainment applications".[13]

Artist Hajime Sorayama was enlisted to create the initial designs for the AIBO's body.[14] Those designs are now part of the permanent collections of the Museum of Modern Art[15] and the Smithsonian Institution. The first generation AIBO design won Japan's prestigious Good Design Award, Grand Prize[16] and a special Intelligent Design award at the 2000 German Red Dot awards.[17]

In 1997 Doi received backing from Idei to form Sony's Digital Creatures Lab.[14] Believing that robots would be commonplace in households by 2010, but aware of the shortcomings of available technology for functional uses, he decided to focus on robots for entertainment. The AIBO responded to over 100 voice commands and talked in a tonal language, or talked like a human and made other noises if programmed to. Two of the first generation AIBOs exported into the US came to New York, NY and one remains in the archives and displays at Artspace Company Y LLC.

Later models of AIBOs were designed jointly with prestigious Japanese designers, and continued to gain design awards. The ERS-210 design was inspired by lion cubs. The bodies of the "ERS-3x" series (Latte and Macaron, the round-headed AIBOs released in 2001) were designed by visual artist Katsura Moshino winning the Good Design Award.[18] The sleek and futuristic, space-exploration inspired body of the "ERS-220" was designed by Shoji Kawamori,[19] winning the Good Design Award[20] and a Design for Asia award.[21] The ERS-7 Also won a Good Design Award.[22]

Almost ten years later, Idei's successor, Howard Stringer closed down AIBO and other robotic projects. Doi then staged a mock funeral, attended by more than 100 colleagues from Sony.[23] At the ceremony, Doi said that the AIBO was a symbol of a risk-taking spirit at Sony that was now dead.[24]

In November 2017, Sony Corporation announced that AIBO would return with a new model that would be capable of forming an emotional bond with users.[25]

Models

[edit]

Prototypes

[edit]

Several prototypes have been displayed by Sony. Early models were insect-like with six legs. The specifications and design of the 1997 and 1998 prototypes, described in a Sony press release, closely match those of the first generation AIBOs. Differences include the use of PC-Cards for memory (rather than MemoryStick media), the use of two batteries, and the option to use a 2-wheeled "rolling module" in place of legs.[26]

First generation models (11x)

[edit]

ERS-110

[edit]

The first commercially available AIBO, ERS-110 has a beagle-like appearance and was silver with a golden-brown hue and grey claws. There was a limited production of 5,000 units: 3,000 for Japan and 2,000 for the US market. Sales began on 1 June 1999 and sold out via the Internet in 20 minutes. It is often considered the rarest model of AIBO. ERS-110 cost 250,000 yen, or US$2,500, which would convert to over $3,500 as of 2020.

ERS-111

[edit]
ERS-111

The ERS-111 was released in November 1999 and was an improved version of the original AIBO marketed at the same price. It has a similar appearance to ERS-110, with different ear and tail shapes, and was available in metallic black or shiny silver with black claws. 40,000 units were manufactured.

Second generation models (2x0, 31x)

[edit]

ERS-210

[edit]

The ERS-210 was designed to look like a lion cub but was essentially a dog-shape with a flat bull terrier face and Jack Russell Terrier appearance, available in black, silver, gold, red, blue, green and white. It featured speech recognition capabilities and was the most popular AIBO model with over 65,000 units sold. It sold for around $1,500 at launch which was later reduced to less than $1,000.

ERS-220

[edit]

The ERS-220 had a more futuristic design based on a space exploration robot concept by Shoji Kawamori. It had a chrome finish with headlights and colored LEDs. Between 5,000 and 7,000 units were sold, priced at 180,000 yen. Remote operation was possible through an optional wireless local area network. Specifications: height 29.6 cm, 1.5 kg weight, 1.5 hours (default) continuous operation time, 2.5 hours or more operation with a re-celled battery, 16 degrees of freedom (drive unit).

ERS-210At/220A

[edit]

Variants of ERS-210/220 with an improved CPU and head clutch. Nearly identical in appearance to the earlier models, they were distinguished by the Super Core logo on the underside of the body. US$1299 at launch.

ERS-31x (Latte and Macaron)

[edit]

The ERS-31x models had an "AIBO's heart" slogan. The original production design illustrator was Katsura Moschino. The price was 98,000 yen or US$950. The "Latte" (ERS-311) is an off-white/cream color and is considered the "friendly" model. The "Macaron" (ERS-312) is mostly black with cream accents and is considered the "naughty" model. The "Pug" (ERS-31L) is the least common of the three and was $200 cheaper. The 31x series dogs are considered to look like a bichon puppy or a bear cub.

ERS 31xB

[edit]

These models are aesthetically identical to the ERS-311 and ERS-312 and feature Bluetooth connection to a handheld viewer (Japan only) which would "translate Aibos thoughts and feelings into text" and enable the handler to play games with them.

Third generation models (7Mx)

[edit]
ERS-7

The ERS-7 and its successive iterations were the third generation of AIBO robots and the final ones released before the product line's 2006 discontinuation. They were first sold in 2003 and priced between $1500 and $2000. It has been estimated that ERS-7 sold 15,000 units of each variant, M1 to M3, for a total of 45,000 units.

Fourth generation models

[edit]

ERS-1000

[edit]
ERS-1000

The ERS-1000 was the first AIBO model in the product line's revival, released in January 2018. It is equipped with an LTE SIM card to support interaction and learning via cloud computing, requiring a persistent Internet connection to function fully.[27] This model has a less-robotic and "cuter" appearance than other models. The ERS-1000 can recognize up to 100 faces, responds to over 50 voice commands, and can learn a customizable trick. It sold for about $3,000.

QRIO

[edit]
QRIOs watch AIBOs at a Robocup event.

The humanoid QRIO robot was designed as the successor to AIBO and runs the same base R-CODE and Aperios operating system. Its development was halted prior to commercial release.[28]

Hardware

[edit]

The initial ERS-110 AIBO's hardware includes a 64-bit RISC processor, 16 megabytes of RAM, sensors (touch, camera, range-finder, microphone, acceleration, angular velocity), a speaker, and actuators (legs, neck, mouth, tail).[29] As the series developed, more sensors and actuators were added. During the latter half of the second aibo model, 20x, a revision model named super core was added which fixed a flaw in the robots' head clutch which caused tilting, panning, and drooping issues, also known as PAS, TAS, and DHS. These revision models also included a much faster processor, hence the name supercore. Wi-Fi was available as an add-on for some second-generation AIBOs. The third family of AIBOs, the ERS-7s, have multiple head and body sensors, clicking ear actuators, a chest-mounted proximity sensor, expressive "Illume-Face" and Wi-Fi connectivity.

All AIBOs were bundled with accessories including a charging station and pink ball toy. Late-model ERS7's were bundled with a pink AIBone bone-shaped toy (as did the AIBO ERS-1000 models), playing cards, and a charging station with a pole and marker mat for autonomous docking (210 and later models only).

MUTANT prototype 1998 Prototype ERS-110[29] ERS-7[30] ERS-1000[31]
Processor IDT R3052 or R3071 ×2 @ 30 MHz MIPS 64 Bit RISC Processor 64-bit RISC processor @ 50 MHz MIPS R7000 @ 576 MHz Qualcomm Snapdragon 820 (APQ8096)
RAM 8 MB 8 MB 16 MB 64 MB 4 GB
Flash memory 2 MB 4 MB 32 GB
Moving parts 16 degrees of freedom 4 legs with 3 degrees-of-freedom, 1 Head with 3 degrees-of-freedom, 1 Tail with 1 degree-of-freedom Mouth: 1 degree-of-freedom, Head: 3 degrees-of-freedom, Legs: 3 degrees-of-freedom (x4), Tail: 2 degrees-of-freedom Mouth - 1 degree of freedom, Head - 3 degrees of freedom, Leg - 3 degrees of freedom x4 legs, Ear - 1 degree of freedom x2, Tail - 2 degrees of freedom Head: 3-axes, Mouth: 1-axis, Neck: 1-axis, Waist: 1-axis,

Legs: 3-axes x4,

Ear: 1-axis x 2,

Tail: 2-axes

Touch sensors x4 Button sensors (one on each paw)

x1 Pressure sensor (head)

x4 Button sensors (one on each paw)

x1 Pressure sensor (head)

x4 Button sensors (one on each paw)

Pressure sensor (head)

Pressure sensor (chin)

x2 Electrostatic sensors (head, back)

x4 Button sensors (One on each paw)

Pressure-based capacitive touch sensor (Head, chin, back)
Camera 362 × 492 CCD camera 180,000 pixels 180,000 pixel color CCD camera (x 1) CMOS Image Sensor 350,000 pixels Front camera, SLAM camera
Wireless LAN N/A N/A N/A IEEE 802.11b (Integrated) IEEE 802.11b/g/n (Integrated)[32]
Mobile connectivity No No No No 4G LTE
Range finders N/A N/A Infra-red One on head, one on body Range sensor (chest)
Display N/A N/A LED Lamps for expressing happiness (green) and anger (red) Illume Face capable of over 60 emotional and status modes, consisting of 24 LEDs (white 12, red 4, blue 4, green 4), Ear: 2 (left & right), Head sensor : 2 (white and amber), Head (wireless LAN on/off): 1 (blue), Back sensor: 16 (white 8, red 3, blue 3, orange 2) 2 x OLED Eye Displays
Microphone Stereo microphone Stereo microphone Stereo microphone (one on each side) Stereo microphone (one on each side) 4 Microphones
Speaker Yes Yes Yes Miniature speaker, 20.8 mm、500 mW Yes
Heat sensor N/A N/A Yes, two Yes Yes
Acceleration sensor Yes N/A Yes Yes Yes
Angular velocity sensor N/A N/A Yes N/A Yes
Vibration sensor N/A N/A N/A Yes N/A
Power source Li-ion (7.2 V) for electric circuits Ni-Cd (4.8) for motor drivers One 7.2 V rechargeable lithium-ion battery, one 4.8 V rechargeable nickel-cadmium battery DC7.2 V (lithium-ion battery [ERA-110B]) 7.4 V (2200 mAh) lithium-ion battery [ERA-7B] 4-cell lithium-ion battery ERA-1001B[33]
Energy consumption N/A N/A 12.6 W (autonomous mode) Approx. 7 W (standard operation in autonomous mode) Approx. 14 W
Operating time (approx.) N/A N/A 1.5 hours default capacity, 2.5 hours with a re-celled battery 1.5 hours (standard / autonomous mode) 2.5 hours (higher capacity / autonomous mode) Approx 2 hours
Charging time (approx.) N/A N/A 2.5 hours 2.5 hours 3 hours
Dimensions (L×W×H, without tail) 220 mm × 130 mm × 200 mm (8.7 in × 5.1 in × 7.9 in) 235 mm × 132 mm × 250 mm (not including tail) Approx. 274 mm × 156 mm × 266 mm (not including tail) 319 mm × 180 mm × 278 mm Approx. 180 mm × 293 mm × 305 mm (Standing posture not including protrusions)
Weight (approx) 1.5 kg (3.3 lb) (including batteries) 1.25 kg (including batteries) About 1.4 kg (body), about 1.6 kg (including memory stick and battery) Approx. 1.65 kg (including battery & memory stick) 2.2 kg (4.9 lb)

Software

[edit]

All AIBOs previous to ERS-1000 were bundled with AIBOLife software, enabling the robot to walk, "see" its environment via camera, recognize spoken commands (English and Spanish, or Japanese), and develop a "personality". AIBO's sounds were programmed by Japanese DJ/avant-garde composer Nobukazu Takemura, fusing mechanical and organic concepts.[34] The sounds in ERS-7 Mind and custom data were composed by Japanese musician and game designer Masaya Matsuura.[35]

Aperios and Open-R

[edit]

Aperios is Sony's Proprietary Real-Time Operating system, used in all AIBOs, QRIO and some other consumer devices. Aperios OS was intended to be widely deployed, using real-time capabilities to handle multiple audio and visual data streams concurrently.[36] The operating system was not widely adopted, and by 2003 Sony had stopped active development with COO Kunitake Ando commenting "Aperios was an operating system of a pre-Internet age and we decided that it isn't adequate for the future".[37]

The OPEN-R architecture is specific to entertainment robots. The architecture involves the use of modular hardware components, such as appendages that can be easily removed and replaced to change the shape and function of the robots, and modular software components that can be interchanged to change their behavior and movement patterns. AIBO's creator, Doi, called OPEN-R the "masterpiece" of the AIBO development project, arguing it would minimize the need for programming individual movements or responses, and its "open" nature would encourage a global community of robot specialists and programmers to add capability.[14]

AIBOware

[edit]

First and second generation models of AIBO can load different software packages sold by Sony. AIBOware (a trademark of Sony corporation) is the title given to the software the AIBO runs on its pink Memory Stick. The Life AIBOware allows the robot to be raised from pup to fully grown adult while going through various stages of development as its owner interacts with it. The Explorer AIBOware allows the owner to interact with a fully mature robot able to understand (though not necessarily willing to obey) 100 voice commands. Without AIBOware, AIBOs run in "clinic mode" and can only perform basic actions.

Third generation ERS-7 models have a sole "Mind" software that includes capabilities of AIBOLife and other AIBOware packages. Mind software also includes a docking process, allowing ERS-7s to recharge autonomously. Upgrades in Mind2 included the AIBO Entertainment Player, a Wi-Fi based connection to a PC. Upgrades in Mind3 included speech, blogging and autonomous room mapping.

AIBO's complete vision system uses the scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) algorithm to recognise its charging station. The vision system is an implementation of Evolution Robotics ERVision.

Notable AIBOware software

Name Description Supported Models
AIBO Life Allows users to raise their Aibos from baby to adult. ERS 20x and 31x AIBOs
Hello AIBO! Allows users to begin with a "mature" AIBO, skipping the raising process. ERS 11x, ERS 21x, and ERS 31x AIBOs
AIBO Custom Manager Allows users to load Mind with different sounds, dance routines and voices. ERS-7 Third Generation AIBOs
AIBO Entertainment Player Allows remote monitoring or control of AIBO Mind by a PC connected by WiFi. ERS-7 Third Generation AIBOs

Notable third-party software

Name Description Supported Models
DogsLife An AIBO personality duplicating (and occasionally improving upon) Hello-AIBO.[38] Second-generation AIBOs
Skitter AIBO "performance" editor, allowing users to create and cause AIBO to perform skits via a PC connected the AIBO by WiFi.[39] All
aiboplus Replacement personality to explore new ways in the artificial intelligence.[40] ERS-7
AiboStella iOS controller, patterned after AEP, using URBI framework[41] ERS-7, ERS-210, ERS-220
AIBO Control Android controller, using URBI framework.[42] ERS-7

Free third-party software is available from providers such as Robot App Store.[43]

AIBO Software Development Environment

[edit]

Initially, access to programming capabilities was limited to Sony and organizations participating in Robocup. By reverse-engineering AIBO, users developed their own software that operated together with AIBOware such as "DiscoAibo" which made the robotic canine dance to music.

In a significant copyright milestone, Sony invoked the Digital Millennium Copyright Act in October 2001, and sent a cease-and-desist notice demanding that "Aibopet" stop distributing code that was retrieved by bypassing the copy protection mechanisms.[44][45][46] In the face of complaints by many outraged AIBO owners,[47] Sony backed down and subsequently released a programmer's kit for "non-commercial" use.[48]

The kit was eventually expanded into three distinct tools: R-CODE, the OPEN-R SDK (software development kit) and the AIBO Remote Framework (ERS-7 only). These three tools are combined under the name AIBO Software Development Environment. R-CODE and AIBO Remote FRamework were free to download and could be used for commercial or non-commercial purposes, while OPEN-R SDK is specifically for non-commercial use.

OPEN-R SDK

[edit]

The OPEN-R SDK is a C based programming SDK, based on open-source tools (like gcc and newlib), that allows the creation of software for AIBO platforms. This SDK is considered low-level and allows control of everything from the gain values of AIBO's actuators to retrieving AIBO's camera data and performing computer vision computations. No pre-built "standard" AIBO functionality is provided, such as it is with R-Code and AIBO Remote Framework. It thus permits low-level robotic research.

R-CODE and R-CODE plus

[edit]

R-Code is a high-level scripting language for AIBO, allowing creation of simple programs for an AIBO to execute. Remoting is possible via a simple WiFi terminal socket connection. Commercial usage is allowed, and the license fee is free.

R-CodePlus is a derivative of R-Code by AiboPet with several added functionalities. R-CodePlus is a superset of R-Code in terms of language, so everything written in standard R-Code will work on an R-CodePlus MemoryStick (for the same Model AIBO). R-CodePlus exposes new AIBO functions such as simple face recognition, name registration, and camera adjustment settings. In addition to the standard R-Code terminal socket for remoting, R-CodePlus supplies a "Telemetry" socket for several binary data transfers such as AIBO's camera image and sending/receiving sound.[49]

Aibnet offers a development environment for R-Code programming.[50]

Simplified drag-and-drop customizing of behavior is available via the user-created YART ("Yet Another RCode Tool ")[51]

AIBO Remote Framework

[edit]

Remotely access capabilities of AIBO MIND including behaviors and pattern recognition from a Windows PC. Same functionality used in the Aibo Entertainment Player. The AIBO Remote Framework is a Windows PC API based on Visual C . The Framework can be used to write code that can remotely control an AIBO running MIND2 or MIND3 Aiboware via a wireless LAN. Commercial usage is allowed, and the license fee is free.

Other Development Environments

[edit]

Several robot software development frameworks have been developed that support AIBOs, including URBI, Tekkotsu,[52] and Pyro.

Current Projects

[edit]

AiBO is a replacement personality for Sony ERS-7. The project provides an AEP-like application (AiBO Client) to connect to the robot under Ubuntu Linux, Windows, Mac OS X, iOS, and Android. The owner can control the dog, play a game and see the robot state.[40]

AIBO Control allows Android users to control AIBO ERS-7's running URBI.[42]

The Open-R and GCC based toolchain has been updated by the community to use GCC 5.4, Binutils 2.24 and Newlib 1.15. This improvement brings the latest C 11/C 14 features and modern software to program the robot. The packaged version of the old and updated AIBO toolchain is available for Ubuntu in a PPA.[53]

AIBOs in education and academia

[edit]
Penalty shootout

AIBO's were used extensively in education. For example, Carnegie Mellon offered an AIBO-centred robotics course covering models of perception, cognition, and action for solving problems.[54] Robotbenchmark[55] also features an online simulation challenge based on an Aibo ERS-7 model called "Visual Tracking".[56]

RoboCup Four-Legged League

[edit]
AIBO robots playing in the 9th RoboCup in Osaka (2005)

The AIBO has seen much use as an inexpensive platform for artificial intelligence education and research because it integrates a computer, vision system, and articulators in a package vastly cheaper than conventional research robots. One focal point for that development has been the Robocup Leagues.

The Four-Legged League was the initial name for the RoboCup Standard Platform League, a robot soccer league in which all teams compete with identical robots. The robots operate fully autonomously, with no external control by humans nor computers. The specific AIBO version changed over time: ERS-110s (1999–2000), ERS-210 (2001–2002), ERS-210A SuperCore (2003), ERS-7 (2004–2008). The replacement and current standard platform is the humanoid NAO by Aldebaran Robotics.

Sony provided AIBOs support and sponsorship to universities around the world to participate in the RoboCup autonomous soccer competition Four-Legged Robot Soccer League. Competing teams would program a team of AIBO robots to play games of autonomous robot soccer against other competing teams. The Four-Legged League ran from 1999 to 2008, although in the final year, many big-name universities did not compete as they had moved to the new NAO platform. The University of New South Wales[57] was the most successful team in the League, making the final six times and winning three times.

International AIBO Convention

[edit]

The International AIBO Convention takes place every year at Sony Robotics Tower in the Shinjuku prefecture of Tokyo, Japan. The first convention took place on 15 May 1999. It was then set to 2–4 May. The 2009 convention, being in its tenth year, set attendance records. The convention usually features AIBO advertisements, free posters, free accessories, freeware/open-source downloads and AIBO demonstrations.

Breed lineage

[edit]

After model name: body-color choices; release date; units sold.

First generation models

[edit]
  • ERS-110: warm silver; began sales 1 June 1999 for delivery in August; limited production of 3,000 for Japan and 2,000 for the USA (5,000 total).
  • ERS-111: silver and black; November 1999 and released again in February 2000. Total sales of ERS-111 models were 40,000.

Second generation models

[edit]
  • ERS-210: initially released in black, gold, and silver; 2001 Following the release of the first three, several special edition colors were released including Spring White, Spring Orange, Everest White (Pearlescent with pink and blue undertones), Mazeran Green, and Sapphire Violet
  • ERS-210A "Supercore": Once again released in black, gold and silver; 2002 Following initial release several new special edition colors were released including Holiday Red, Holiday White, and lastly the Cyber Blue in 2003
  • ERS-220: silver; 2001 and re-released as the ERS-220A in 2002.

The most widespread/best-selling AIBO series: estimated amount of 210/220 AIBOs sold: between 65,000 and 100,000.

Third generation models

[edit]
  • ERS-311 "Latte": cream; 2001
  • ERS-312 "Macaron": black; 2001
  • ERS-31L "Pug": brown; 2002
  • ERS-311B "Latte": cream; 2002
  • ERS-312B "Macaron": black; 2002

Estimated amount sold: between 30,000 and 35,000.

Fourth generation models

[edit]
  • ERS-7: white; 1st gen, November 2003
  • ERS-7M2: white and black; 2nd gen, November 2004
  • ERS-7M3: white, black, and champagne gold (called honey brown in Japan); 3rd gen, October 2005

Estimated sales for all ERS-7 Aibo models: 40,000 to 50,000

Fifth generation models

[edit]
  • ERS-1000: Ivory white; January 2018
  • ERS-1000: Choco edition; January 2019
  • ERS-1000: Caramel edition; January 2020
  • ERS-1000: Black sesame edition; January 2021
  • ERS-1000: Strawberry milk edition; January 2022
  • ERS-1000: Espresso edition; January 2023

Animation

[edit]

The AIBO television series Piroppo (ピロッポ) was a series of animated shorts (approximately 6 minutes each) based around AIBO ERS-300s, Latte and Macaron. The animated series triggered sounds and actions from viewers' ERS-300s in media-link mode on the proper software.[58] The 23-episode series was broadcast on Fuji TV from 11 October 2001, to 21 March 2002.

[edit]

When AIBO was introduced, The New Yorker published a cartoon by Jack Ziegler showing AIBO "urinating" nuts and bolts on a fire hydrant.[59]

The AIBO ERS-111 was used in Janet Jackson's "Doesn't Really Matter" music video, and received increased market demand and commercial success after being featured with Jackson in the clip.[60]

The AIBO ERS-311 was featured in the Swedish girl group Play's music video for their song "Us Against The World".

In an episode of Frasier, Frasier gives his dad an AIBO ERS-210 to keep him company while he is visiting Roz in Wisconsin. There is a scene with Eddie interacting with the AIBO, while Martin Crane complains to Sony about not being able to get it to work.

In the South Park episode "Red Sleigh Down", Cartman spends nearly the entire episode trying to get on Santa's nice list, so that he can receive a HAIBO robot doll for Christmas, in reference to the robot dog craze of the early 2000s started by AIBO. At the episode's conclusion, Stan, Kyle, and Cartman all receive their own HAIBO dog.

When Siri on an iOS device is asked "Do you have a pet?", one of the responses is "I used to have an AIBO. But it turned on me."

In the film CJ7, the robotic toy CJ1, is probably based on the design of AIBO and its toy knock-offs.[citation needed]

In the Futurama episode "Jurassic Bark", Bender is seen with a robotic dog resembling an AIBO named Robo-Puppy.

In the film Click, Kevin's new Robo-dog an AIBO ERS-7, was run over by the dad's car.

A pair of robotic dogs based on AIBO appear in Tokyo Jungle, a video game published by Sony Computer Entertainment. The very first AIBO model, ERS-110, is seen in this game, too.

An AIBO ERS-210 can be seen in the title sequence of the 2017 TV adaptation of Neil Gaiman's American Gods.

An AIBO ERS-1000 and ERS-111 appears in Kamen Rider Zero-One, from episodes 38, 39 and 45 respectively, as Gai Amatsu's AI dog named Thouser. Between July 19 and August 2, 2020, owners of fifth generation AIBO will receive a limited-time update that will allow to perform a special dance as seen in the 39th episode.[61]

The AIBO ERS-110 and ERS-1000 models also appear in the 2024 Team Asobi-developed video game Astro Bot.[62]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Sony Global - Press Release - Sony Develops OPEN-R Architecture for Entertainment Robots Demonstrates 4-legged robot prototypes based on the architecture". Archived from the original on 2012-12-02. Retrieved 2013-01-14.
  2. ^ "Sony Global - Press Release - Sony Launches Four-Legged Entertainment Robot "AIBO" Creates a New Market for Robot-Based Entertainment". Archived from the original on 2012-10-28. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  3. ^ Ulanoff, Lance (2003-09-04). "Surprise! Sony's AIBO Is a Dog". Pcmag.com. Archived from the original on 2013-06-18. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  4. ^ "2006 Inductees". The Robot Hall of Fame. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  5. ^ "Sony Global - Q3 FY2005 Sony Group Earnings Announcement". Sony.net. 2006-01-26. Archived from the original on 2013-05-16. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  6. ^ "Sony AIBO Europe - Official Website - Model-by-model breakdown". Sonydigital-link.com. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  7. ^ "AIBO、君を死なせない 修理サポート終了「飼い主」の悲しみ〈AERA〉 （dot.）". Yahoo!ニュース. Archived from the original on 2014-07-29. Retrieved 2014-07-29.
  8. ^ Byford, Sam (2017-10-31). "Sony just announced a new Aibo robot dog; The Verge". Technologyreview.com.
  9. ^ Rajamanickam Antonimuthu (2017-11-02), Sony's Aibo Robot Dog returns with advanced AI, archived from the original on 2021-12-11, retrieved 2017-11-15
  10. ^ Alam, Imran (2018-02-02). "Sony AIBO - Robotic Dog". Answerslave.com.
  11. ^ Johnstone, Bob (2000-01-01). "California Dreamin' Sony Style | MIT Technology Review". Technologyreview.com. Archived from the original on 2013-04-24. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  12. ^ [Fujita, M. & Kitano, H. (1998). Development of an autonomous quadruped robot for robot entertainment. Autonomous Robots, 5, 7-20.]
  13. ^ "IEEE Inaba Technical Award for Innovation Leading to Production - IEEE Robotics and Automation Society". Ieee-ras.org. Archived from the original on 2014-02-22. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  14. ^ a b c "This Cute Little Pet Is a Robot". Business Week. 24 May 1999. Archived from the original on 19 July 2013. Retrieved 19 January 2013.
  15. ^ "The Collection | Hajime Sorayama and Sony Corporation, company design. Aibo entertainment robot (ERS-110). 1999". MoMA. 2012-11-05. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  16. ^ "エンタテインメントロボット [AIBO（アイボ）・ERS-110] | 受賞対象一覧 | Good Design Award" (in Japanese). G-mark.org. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  17. ^ "Deconstructing Product Design by William Lidwell and Gerry Manacsa » Sony AIBO". Deconstructingproductdesign.com. 2009-08-22. Archived from the original on 2013-03-20. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  18. ^ "エンタテインメントロボット AIBO [ERS-300シリーズ"ラッテ＆マカロン"] | 受賞対象一覧 | Good Design Award" (in Japanese). G-mark.org. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  19. ^ "• AIBO ERS-220". Plasticpals.com. 2013-01-24. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  20. ^ "エンタテインメントロボット AIBO [ERS-220] | 受賞対象一覧 | Good Design Award" (in Japanese). G-mark.org. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  21. ^ "Design for Asia Award 2012". Dfaaward.com. Archived from the original on 2013-02-15. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  22. ^ "エンターテインメントロボット [AIBO ERS-7] | 受賞対象一覧 | Good Design Award" (in Japanese). G-mark.org. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  23. ^ Shea, Michael (27 July 2015). "Who Killed AIBO the Robotic Dog?". The Skinny. Retrieved 9 January 2016.
  24. ^ YUKARI IWATANI KANE; PHRED DVORAK (March 3, 2007). "Caught between two worlds, the Sony chief tightens his management grip. Will it work?". Wall Street Journal. pp. A1. Archived from the original on July 2, 2015. Alt URL
  25. ^ "Entertainment Robot "Aibo" Announced". Sony Global - Sony Global Headquarters. Retrieved 2017-12-05.
  26. ^ "Sony Develops OPEN-R Architecture for Entertainment Robots". Sony Global. Archived from the original on 2012-12-02. Retrieved 2017-11-15.
  27. ^ "aiboベーシックプラン | aibo". aibo.sony.jp (in Japanese). Retrieved 2017-12-05.
  28. ^ "Sony reports strong earnings but unplugs Aibo". Macworld. 2006-01-26. Retrieved 2020-12-01.
  29. ^ a b "Sony Global - Press Release - Sony Launches Four-Legged Entertainment Robot "AIBO" Creates a New Market for Robot-Based Entertainment". Sony.net. 1999-05-11. Archived from the original on 2012-10-28. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  30. ^ "Microsoft Word - 08.25.03 AIBO ERS-7 FINAL with PIC&Specs.doc" (PDF). Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  31. ^ "主な仕様 | aibo". aibo.sony.jp (in Japanese). Retrieved 2017-12-05.
  32. ^ ID, FCC. "FCC ID AK8145899511 Module by Sony Corporation". FCC ID. Retrieved 2019-01-09.
  33. ^ "ERS-1000 | Help Guide | Disposing of aibo". helpguide.sony.net. Retrieved 2019-01-09.
  34. ^ Nobukazu Takemura, Synthesizing Things Up Archived 2013-06-22 at the Wayback Machine The Washington Post, January 20, 2002
  35. ^ "Sony AIBO Europe - Official Website - AIBO News". Sonydigital-link.com. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  36. ^ Sheff, David. "Wired 7.11: Sony's Plan for World Recreation". Wired. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  37. ^ "Linux and TV called key to broadband tsunami". Eetimes.com. 9 January 2003. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  38. ^ DogsBody. "It's a DogsLife!". Dogsbodynet.com. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  39. ^ DogsBody. "Skitter Performance Editor". Dogsbodynet.com. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  40. ^ a b "AiBO". Aiboplus.sourceforge.net. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  41. ^ Tippy tap tap (2010-07-12). "AiboStella for iPhone, iPod touch, and iPad on the iTunes App Store". Itunes.apple.com. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  42. ^ a b "Aibo Control - Android-apps op Google Play". 2012-04-20. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  43. ^ Robot Page: AIBO. "AIBO - Robot Page". Robot App Store. Archived from the original on 2013-03-15. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  44. ^ "No New Tricks for Robot Dog - Chilling Effects Clearinghouse". Archived from the original on 2009-10-14. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  45. ^ Harmon, Amy (2001-11-05). "Sony Tightens Leash on Its Robotic Dog". NYTimes.com. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  46. ^ "Unintended Consequences: Twelve Years under the DMCA | Electronic Frontier Foundation". Eff.org. 2010-03-03. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  47. ^ Farhad Manjoo (2 November 2001). "Aibo Owners Biting Mad at Sony". Wired. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  48. ^ Sony Corporation. "OPEN-R Architecture Specifications To Be Made Public".
  49. ^ "[AiboHack] AiboPet R-code Extensions". Aibohack.com. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  50. ^ DogsBody. "Aibnet Telnet Console". Dogsbodynet.com. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  51. ^ "[AiboHack] YART = Yet Another R-Code Tool". Aibohack.com. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  52. ^ "About Tekkotsu". www.tekkotsu.org. Carnegie Mellon University. 2010. Retrieved 2017-01-22.
  53. ^ "Ubuntu PPA with Aibo toolchain". Launchpad.net. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  54. ^ "15-491 Fall 2008". 2010-07-25. Archived from the original on July 25, 2010. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  55. ^ "robotbenchmark". Retrieved 2018-05-07.
  56. ^ "robotbenchmark visual tracking". Retrieved 2018-05-07.
  57. ^ "rUNSWift 2010". Cgi.cse.unsw.edu.au. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  58. ^ ja:AIBO
  59. ^ retailerId0cfb7871 view productId8543509 (1999-05-31). "Sony-type robot mechanical dog urinates nuts and bolts on fire hydrant. - New Yorker Cartoon Poster Print by Jack Ziegler at the Condé Nast Collection". Condenaststore.com. Retrieved 2013-03-10.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  60. ^ "Let Aibo tell you about brand image - The Japan Times". Japan Times. Gilhooly, Rob. 2007. Retrieved 2014-02-07.
  61. ^ aibo × 仮面ライダーゼロワン 出演記念特別ふるまい「ゼロワンに変身！」, 18 July 2020, retrieved 2024-01-27
  62. ^ Astro Bot Lets You Pet The Sony Aibo, 8 September 2024, retrieved 2024-09-12
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Aibo.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=AIBO&oldid=1254928341"