Wikipedia

Yandex

This article is about the company. For its search engine, see Yandex Search.

Yandex LLC (Russian: Яндекс, romanized: Yandeks, IPA: [ˈjandəks]) is a Russian technology company that provides Internet-related products and services including a web browser, search engine, cloud computing, web mapping, online food ordering, streaming media, online shopping, and a ridesharing company.

Yandex LLC
Native name
Яндекс
Company typePrivately held company
Industry
Founded
  • 23 September 1997; 27 years ago (23 September 1997) (Yandex search launched by CompTek)
  • 2007; 17 years ago (2007) (reincorporation of holding company in the Netherlands)
Founder
HeadquartersMoscow, Russia
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Artyom Savinovsky (CEO)[1]
ProductsList of Yandex products and services
Revenue356,171,000,000 Russian ruble (2021) Edit this on Wikidata
28,461,000,000 Russian ruble (2023) Edit this on Wikidata
21,775,000,000 Russian ruble (2023) Edit this on Wikidata
Total assets786,628,000,000 Russian ruble (2023) Edit this on Wikidata
OwnerAlexander Chachava (25%)
Pavel Prass (15%)
Lukoil (15%)
Alexander Ryazanov (10%)
Senior management (35%)
(It is speculated that the publicly identified owners are intermediaries for others)[2][3]
Number of employees
25 431 (2022)
Websiteya.ru
Footnotes / references
[4][5]

Yandex Search is the largest search engine in Russia with an estimated 72% market share in Russia[6] and a 2.8% market share worldwide.[7] Yandex Taxi is the largest ridesharing company in Russia.[8]

Yandex was founded by Arkady Volozh and launched its first product, a search engine, in 1997. Due to its significant media activities in Russia, the company has long faced pressure for control by the government of Russia. In July 2024, in a transaction brought about by international sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine and restrictions on foreign ownership, Nebius Group, the Dutch holding company that owned Yandex, sold its Russian assets to a group of Russian investors for a discounted price of US$5.3 billion.

History

edit

In 1990, Arkady Volozh contacted Ilya Segalovich (1964-2013), a friend of his from high school, to join his venture developing algorithms to search Russian texts.[9] They developed search software together under the company name Arcadia.[10] In 1993, they invented the name "Yandex" as an easy way to remember "Yet Another iNDEXer".[11] This is also a bilingual pun on "index" since "Я" ("ya") means "I" in Russian.

On September 23, 1997, the Yandex.ru search engine was launched and presented at the Softool exhibition in Moscow.[12] In 1998, Yandex launched contextual advertisement on its search engine.[13] In 2000, Yandex was incorporated in Cyprus as a standalone company.[14]

Arcadia became part of CompTek, asoftware and computer part supply company, with Volozh as the CEO in 2000.[15] In 2000, Baring Vostok Capital Partners acquired 35.72% of the company for $5.28 million.[16] In 2001, Yandex launched the Yandex.Direct online advertising network.[17]

The company became profitable in 2003.[18] Between 2004 and 2006, Tiger Technologies obtained an 11% ownership stake in the company.[19]

In September 2005, Yandex opened an office in Ukraine and launched a Ukrainian website.[20] In 2007, Yandex introduced a customized search engine for Ukrainian users and in May 2007, it opened a development center in Kyiv. In 2008, Yandex increased bandwidth between its Moscow data centers and UA-IX in Ukraine fivefold. In 2009, all services of www.yandex.ua were localized for the Ukrainian market. In 2010, Yandex launched its "Poltava" search engine algorithm for Ukrainian users based on its MatrixNet technology. In March 2007, Yandex acquired moikrug.ru, a Russian social networking service.[21]

 
Logo used from 2008 to 2016

In June 2008, Yandex announced the formation of Yandex Labs in Silicon Valley to foster innovation in search and advertising technology, with Vishal Makhijani as its CEO.[22][23]

Also in June 2008, Yandex acquired SMILink, a Russian road traffic monitoring agency, which was merged into Yandex Maps.[24]

In September 2008, the company acquired the rights to the Punto Switcher software program, an automatic Russian to English keyboard layout switcher.[25]

In January 2009, Firefox 3.5 replaced Google with Yandex as the default search provider for Russian-language builds.[26] Google was reinstated in 2012.[27]

In May 2010, Yandex launched an English language-only search engine.[28][29][30]

In September 2010, Yandex launched Yandex Music, a music streaming service, with a catalogue of 800,000 tracks from 58,000 performers.[31][32][33]

Also in September 2010, Yandex invested in a $4.3 million financing round by Face.com (formerly Vizi Labs).[34] The company was acquired by Facebook in 2012 and Yandex received $5.7 million and 142,479 shares of Facebook for its stake.[35] In December 2010, Yandex launched Yandex.Start to find startups and work with them systematically, and purchased WebVisor's behavior analysis technology.[36]

In January 2011, the company acquired single sign-in service Loginza.[37] On May 24, 2011, the holding company that owned Yandex, Yandex N.V. (now called Nebius Group), raised $1.3 billion in an initial public offering on NASDAQ, the biggest initial public offering for a dot-com company since Google's offering in 2004.[38][39][40][41] At that time, Baring Vostok Capital Partners owned a 35% stake in the company and Tiger Technologies owned a 15% stake.[42][43]

In June 2011, Yandex and Rambler signed an ad network deal to freeze out Russian competitors.[44] In August 2011, Yandex acquired The Tweeted Times, a news delivery startup.[45][46] In September 2011, the company launched its web portal in Turkey in 2011 and opened an office in Istanbul.[47][48]

Also in September 2011, Yandex acquired 10% of Blekko for a $15 million investment as part of a $30 million financing round.[49][50][51] In November 2011, it acquired software developer SPB Software for $38 million.[52][53]

In March 2012, the company opened its first European office in Lucerne to serve advertising clients in the EU.[54][55] In June 2012, the company acquired a 25% stake in Seismotech for $1 million.[56][57] In October 2012, Yandex launched a Chromium-based web browser.[58][59][60]

In November 2012, Yandex launched a mapping service for Europe and the U.S.[61]

In March 2013, the company added an English language user interface to its translation mobile app to widen its international appeal.[62] In July 2013, Mail.Ru began placing Yandex Direct ads on its search result pages.[63] In October 2013, the company acquired KinoPoisk, the biggest Russian movie search engine.[64][65][66][67]

In 2013, Yandex became the largest media property in Russia by revenue.[68]

In 2014, the company opened its first European research and development office in Berlin.[69] In February 2014, Yandex invested several million dollars in MultiShip.[70][71] In March 2014, it acquired Israeli geolocation startup KitLocate and opened a research and development (R&D) office in Israel.[72][73][74] In May 2014, the company invested in SalesPredict, an Israeli company developing technology for predicting commercial sales.[75]

In June 2014, the company acquired Auto.ru, an online marketplace and classified advertising website for automobiles, for $175 million.[76][77] In November 2014, the company launched a new Chromium-based browser for Windows and Mac OS X.[78]

In May 2015, Yandex launched a minimalist web browser.[79] In June 2015, the company launched Yandex.Radio.[80][81] In September 2015, the company opened an office in Shanghai to facilitate work with Chinese companies operating on the Russian language market.[82] In December 2015, the company acquired Internet security company Agnitum.[83]

 
Logo used from 2016 to 2021

In June 2017, the company closed its offices in Ukraine after its bank accounts were blocked.[84] Also in June 2017, the company invested in a $5 million financing round by Doc .[85] In October 2017, the company introduced its intelligent personal assistant, Alisa (Alice), for Android, iOS, and Microsoft Windows.[86][87][88] In December 2017, the company acquired food delivery Foodfox.[89]

In 2018, the company launched Yandex Games, an Internet gaming platform accessible via browser and mobile. By 2022, 10,000 games were available on the platform.[90] As of January 2022, it had more than 11 million players per month.[91] The platform generates income via advertising and in-app purchases as well as its in-game currency called "Yans".[91] In February 2018, the company showed off the first tests of its self-driving cars in Moscow.[92][93] Also in February 2018, Yandex acquired Uber's businesses in Russia, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Belarus and Georgia.[94]

In May 2018, Sberbank and Yandex completed a joint venture deal to develop a B2C eCommerce ecosystem.[95] Also in May 2018, the company unveiled Yandex.Station, a smart speaker.[96] In August 2018, Yandex acquired fuel delivery service Toplivo v Bak.[97] In October 2018, Yandex acquired Edadil (Russian: Едадил, lit. "grocery deals"), a deal aggregator service.[98] In December 2018, Yandex announced the release of the Yandex.Phone, a smartphone.[99][100]

In September 2019, Yandex announced plans to create an investment portal in partnership with VTB Bank.[101] In October 2019, the company unveiled the second smart speaker of its own design - "Yandex. Station Mini."[102] Also in October 2019, Yandex Taxi acquired Partiya Edy ('The Party of Food').[103] In November 2019, the company was forced by the Russian government to undergo a corporate restructure, giving more influence to pro-Kremlin board members. Vladimir Putin was reportedly personally involved in the negotiations.[104]

For the month of April 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia, Yandex made its home COVID-19 testing service free of charge for all residents of certain areas.[105][106] In July 2020, the company terminated its joint venture with Sberbank, fully acquiring Yandex Market and selling its interest in Yandex Money, which was rebranded as YooMoney.[107] In August 2020, the company's offices in Minsk were raided by authorities to suppress protesters of the results of the 2020 Belarusian presidential election.[108] In September 2020, Yandex completed the corporate spin-off of its self-driving car division, Yandex SDG (now Avride).[109] In October 2020, Yandex held merger negotiations with Tinkoff Bank (now T-Bank) but the two sides failed to agree on terms.[110][111][112]

In March 2021, the company launched Yandex Pay, a cashless payment service.[113] In June 2021, Yandex, VTB Bank, LANIT Group and computer hardware producer Gigabyte founded a joint venture to produce servers in Russia.[114] Also in August 2021, Yandex acquired Uber's stake in its self-driving car division and food delivery business in a $1 billion transaction.[115][116]

In September 2021, the IT company's servers were subjected to the largest DDoS attack in the history of the Runet.[117] Also in September 2021, the company completed the corporate spin-off of Clickhouse.[118][119] In October 2021, construction of a new plant in Ryazan Oblast was launched with 1 billion roubles during the first stage of investments. The new plant will produce servers, data storage systems, gateways and smart equipment under "Openyard" brand.[120] However, in June 2023 Yandex announced it was looking for ways to exit the joint venture.[121] Also in October 2021, Yandex acquired Wind’s Tel Aviv operations.[122]

In January 2022, Yandex acquired eLama, a digital advertising platform.[123] That same month, it also acquired BandLink.[124] In April 2022, CEO Elena Bunina resigned and moved to Israel.[125][126]

In June 2022, Volozh resigned as CEO and from the board of directors.[127] In September 2022, the bank accounts of the company's affiliates in Finland, including those of Yango Group, were frozen.[128] Also in September 2022, Zen, Zen News, and yandex.ru were sold to VK.[129][130][131] Yandex acquired Delivery Club from VK.[132][133] The company then changed its home page to ya.ru.[134][135][136]

In December 2022, Yandex registered the company Beyond ML in Armenia to hold international investments.[137] Also in December 2022, Arkady Volozh resigned from the company.[138]

In May 2023, Yandex launched YandexGPT, a neural network analogous to the ChatGPT neural network.[139] It implemented the YandexGPT generative neural network in the virtual assistant Alice.[140]

Between 2021 and 2023, Yandex introduced automatic voice-over translation for any YouTube video in English, Chinese, French, Spanish and German.[141]

In June 2023, the company launched a test of its first self-driving taxi in Moscow.[142] Also in 2023, the company opened an office in Belgrade, its biggest international office.[143][144][145] In July 2024, in a transaction brought about by international sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine and restrictions on foreign ownership, Nebius Group, the Dutch holding company that owned Yandex, sold its Russian assets to a group of Russian investors for a discounted price of US$5.3 billion.[146][147][148][149][150][151] The publicly identified investor group includes Alexander Chachava (25%), Pavel Prass (15%), Lukoil (15%), Alexander Ryazanov (10%), and senior management (35%).[3] However, it is speculated that the publicly identified owners are intermediaries for others.[2] Other bidders for the assets included Vladimir Potanin.[152]

In October 2024, the company announced plans to invest $400 million in Turkey.[153]

Open source

edit

In 2009, Yandex began development on its project MatrixNet. It was a unique patented algorithm for the building of machine learning models, which used one of the original gradient boosting schemes. In July 2017, the CatBoost library was released to the public. It implements the Matrixnet algorithm for the building of machine learning models.[154]

At the time of release, the technology was already in use as part of a collaborative project with the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) to analyze the results of conducted particle experiments [155]

CatBoost is used by JetBrains for code completion, CloudFlare for bot detection, and Careem for trip-distance determination.[156][157][158]

In 2012, Yandex began research and development within the field of natural-speech processing.

In October 2013, Yandex launched Cocaine, an open-source PaaS system for creating custom cloud-hosting apps.[159]

In October 2023, the company introduced Yandex SpeechKit. It is a speech-recognition and synthesis technology as well as a public API for speech recognition that Android and iOS developers can use.[160]

In June 2022, the company published the source code for the YDB database management system. It is used in its own voice assistant Alice as well as in Yandex.Go and Yandex Market services.[161][162]

In March 2023, Yandex published the source code for YTsaurus, a platform for work with big data.[163][164]

Data breaches

edit

Cyberattack (October / November 2018)

edit

In October and November 2018, Yandex was targeted in a cyberattack using the Regin malware, aimed at stealing technical information from its research and development unit on how users were authenticated.[165] An investigation by Kaspersky Lab attributed the hacks to Five Eyes intelligence agencies.[165]

Compromise of email accounts of 5,000 users (February 2021)

edit

In February 2021, Yandex admitted that one of their system administrators with access rights to Yandex's email service had enabled unauthorized access, leading to almost 5,000 Yandex email inboxes being compromised.[166]

Source code leak (January 2023)

edit

On January 25, 2023, a leaked archive with 44 GB of Yandex source code was shared on BreachForums via BitTorrent.[167][168]

edit
edit

In May 2017, Yandex was banned in Ukraine by Presidential Decree No. 133/2017.[169] On June 1, 2017, Yandex closed its offices in Kyiv and Odesa after the Security Service of Ukraine raided the offices and accused the company of illegally collecting Ukrainian users' data and sending it to Russian security agencies.[170] The firm denied any wrongdoing.

In June 2022, after the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the company no longer displayed the borders between Russia and Ukraine on Yandex Maps.[171][172]

edit

In June 2019, RBC Group reported that Yandex had refused a request by the Russian Federal Security Service (FSB) under the Yarovaya law to surrender encryption keys that could decrypt the private data of its e-mail service and cloud storage users. The company argued that it was impossible to comply with the relevant law without compromising its users' privacy.[173] Maxim Akimov, Deputy Prime Minister of Russia, said that the government would take action to relieve FSB pressure on the company.[174] Alexander Zharov, head of the Federal Service for Supervision of Communications, Information Technology and Mass Media, subsequently said that Yandex and the FSB had reached an agreement where the company would provide the required data without handing over the encryption keys.[175]

In April 2021, Yandex was accused by the Federal Antimonopoly Service of promoting its own products in its search results.[176]

In late March 2022, Yandex was the subject of an investigation by Financial Times and Me2B Alliance, a nonprofit organization, as part of an application auditing campaign led by researcher Zach Edwards. Edwards and four expert researchers, including Cher Scarlett, a former Apple security engineer, found that a software development kit (SDK) called AppMetrica, a product of Yandex, was harvesting data from more than 52,000 applications such as a user's device fingerprint and IP address and storing it in Russia on Yandex's servers, which they said due to Russian law, and the nature of SDKs, could be accessed by Russian authorities without their knowledge. Yandex denied that it was practical to identify users based on the information harvested and said that requests for the data would be turned down.[177][178]

In February 2022, upon the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Yandex was threatened by the Russian government regarding information that it posted about Ukraine and added an online banner warning that some search results may contain inaccurate information.[179]

In March 2022, the Bureau of Investigative Journalism reported that Yandex-delivered ads promoted misinformation about the war in Ukraine.[180] Many of the articles displayed in Yandex's news aggregators were also from Russian state-owned and state-sponsored sources and the top search results about the war would sometimes prominently feature pro-war websites.[181]

In March 2022, Tigran Khudaverdyan resigned as executive director and deputy CEO after being sanctioned by the European Union for "hiding information" from the Russian public through the manipulation of search results.[182]

According to an investigation by Meduza published on 5 May 2022, since 2016, the top-5 results on the Yandex home page only includes pro-Kremlin media approved by the Presidential Administration of Russia. Yandex stated that the highest-ranked news on its home page is generated automatically through its algorithm. However, under Russian law, only news received from registered media sources may appear.[183]

In June 2023, Yandex was fined 2 million roubles by a Moscow court for its repeated refusal to share user information with the Federal Security Service.[184][185]

In July 2023, Kinopoisk, a subsidiary of the company, was fined 1 million rubles for "showing films demonstrating non-traditional sexual relations". The fine came after Russia outlawed public displays of non-traditional relationships and lifestyles to people of any age.[186]

In the first half of 2024, the company received 36,540 requests from the Russian government to disclose user data, a 12% increase from the prior year.[187]

In August 2024, the company was accused of collaborating with the Federal Security Service (FSB) to direct users to fake websites for the Freedom of Russia Legion and the Russian Volunteer Corps, groups composed of Russian supporters of Ukraine. The websites collected data from Russians who may be interested in joining the organisations and supporting Ukraine.[188]

edit

In April 2014, a film about the history of Yandex called Startup was released.[189][190] The film was compared to The Social Network.[189]

Statistics

edit
Estimate of daily number of queries on Yandex Search by year[191][192][193][194][195]

See also

edit

References

edit
  1. ^ "Artem Savinovsky appointed general director of Yandex Russian operating subsidiary". Interfax. April 14, 2022.
  2. ^ a b "Yandex gets a new set of owners". The Bell. February 6, 2024.
  3. ^ a b "Yandex managers to get 35% Consortium.First following divestment". TASS. February 8, 2024.
  4. ^ ""Яндекс" сменил логотип впервые за 13 лет" [Yandex Changes Logo for the First Time in 13 Years]. RIA Novosti (in Russian). March 31, 2021. Archived from the original on March 31, 2021.
  5. ^ "Главная поисковая страница ′Яндекса′ теперь переадресует на ya.ru" [Yandex's main page has become ya.ru]. RIA Novosti (in Russian). September 12, 2022. Archived from the original on September 12, 2022.
  6. ^ "Search Engine Market Share Russian Federation". StatCounter.
  7. ^ "Search Engine Market Share Worldwide". StatCounter.
  8. ^ Borak, Masha (April 4, 2023). "How Russia killed its tech industry". MIT Technology Review.
  9. ^ Marrow, Alexander (July 16, 2024). "Who is Arkady Volozh, former Yandex CEO, and what is his new AI venture?". Reuters.
  10. ^ "Arkady Volozh". Forbes.
  11. ^ Razumovskaya, Olga (July 25, 2013). "Yandex Co-Founder on Life Support". The Wall Street Journal. Moscow.
  12. ^ "Yandex Turns 20". Higher School of Economics.
  13. ^ Stoller, Matt (July 23, 2019). "How Russia Defeated Google's Monopoly" (PDF). Australian Competition & Consumer Commission.
  14. ^ "YANDEX N.V. Form F-1". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. April 28, 2011.
  15. ^ "Arkady Volozh". Russia's Richest.
  16. ^ Grishin, Nikolai (December 3, 2012). "Все нашел" [Found everything]. Kommersant (in Russian). Archived from the original on May 18, 2013.
  17. ^ Nair, Smita (March 28, 2014). "Contextual advertising boosts web company Yandex's revenues" – via Yahoo! Finance.
  18. ^ "YANDEX N.V. Form 20-F for the period ending December 31, 2013" (PDF). New York University Stern School of Business. April 4, 2014.
  19. ^ Balovsyak, Nadezhda (May 17, 2011). "From startup to IPO: Yandex milestones, 1990–2011". East-West Digital News.
  20. ^ "Kiev's intelligence agency raids Yandex offices in Ukraine". TASS. May 29, 2017.
  21. ^ Bush, Jason (June 27, 2008). "Where Google Isn't Goliath". Der Spiegel.
  22. ^ Rhodin, Sara (June 20, 2008). "Facebook Tries to Blaze a Path in Russia". The New York Times.
  23. ^ Khalaf, George (July 21, 2008). "Russian search firm Yandex enters Bay Area with new CEO". American City Business Journals.
  24. ^ "Yandex Buys Smilink". Oreanda News. June 16, 2008.
  25. ^ "Yandex Releases Punto 3.0" (Press release). Yandex. September 9, 2008. Archived from the original on August 4, 2020.
  26. ^ Shankland, Stephen (January 9, 2009). "Firefox in Russia dumps Google for Yandex". CNET. Archived from the original on May 7, 2020.
  27. ^ Wauters, Robin (June 7, 2012). "In Russia, Yandex will be replaced by Google as default search option in new Firefox". TNW.
  28. ^ Rao, Leena (May 18, 2010). "Yandex Adds Foreign Content Filter To Search". TechCrunch. Archived from the original on October 20, 2020.
  29. ^ Golitsyna, Anastasia (May 20, 2010). "Yandex Launches Foreign-Language Search Engine". The Moscow Times.
  30. ^ "Visit to Yandex Labs". President of Russia. June 24, 2010.
  31. ^ O'Hear, Steve (September 22, 2010). "Russian search engine Yandex beefs up music streaming options". TechCrunch.
  32. ^ Savitz, Eric (December 7, 2011). "Yandex Rallies On Music Integration With Facebook". Forbes.
  33. ^ Kozlov, Vladimir (January 24, 2017). "Yandex.Music, Russian-Owned Streaming Service, Triples Subscribers". Billboard.
  34. ^ Wauters, Robin (September 27, 2010). "Facial Recognition Tech Startup Face.com Raises $4.3M From Yandex And Others". TechCrunch. Archived from the original on November 27, 2020.
  35. ^ "Yandex N.V. Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. March 11, 2013.
  36. ^ Butcher, Mike (December 24, 2010). "Yandex Acquires WebVisor's Behavior Analysis Technology, Team". TechCrunch. Archived from the original on October 13, 2017.
  37. ^ O'Hear, Steve (January 27, 2011). "Yandex Acquires Single Sign-In Service Loginza". TechCrunch. Archived from the original on October 13, 2017.
  38. ^ Rusli, Evelyn M. (May 24, 2011). "Yandex Shares Soar 55% in Market Debut". The New York Times. Archived from the original on August 9, 2017.
  39. ^ Krastev, Nikola (May 24, 2011). "Russia's Top Internet Company, Yandex, Makes U.S. Debut With IPO". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty.
  40. ^ Kramer, Andrew; Rusli, Evelyn M. (May 24, 2011). "Yandex's Surge on Debut Stirs More Talk of Tech Bubble". The New York Times.
  41. ^ "Yandex scores big on first day". American City Business Journals. May 25, 2011.
  42. ^ Pfauth, Ernst-Jan (October 12, 2008). "Yandex IPO delayed after all, what a surprise". The Next Web.
  43. ^ Popova, Olga; Kiselyova, Maria; Mosolova, Tanya (May 20, 2008). "Russia's Yandex plans up to $2 bln NY IPO - source". Reuters. Archived from the original on January 11, 2021.
  44. ^ Butcher, Mike (June 23, 2011). "Not so fast Google – Rambler and Yandex sign ad network deal to freeze out Russian competitors". TechCrunch.
  45. ^ Wauters, Robin (August 26, 2011). "Russian Search Giant Yandex Acquires Social News Startup 'The Tweeted Times'". TechCrunch. Archived from the original on June 29, 2023.
  46. ^ Bryant, Martin SFP (August 26, 2011). "Russian search giant Yandex acquires Twitter-powered news startup in social push". TNW.
  47. ^ Kiselyova, Maria (September 20, 2011). "Russia's Yandex launches in Turkey". Reuters.
  48. ^ "Russia's Yandex launches in Turkey". Daily Sabah. September 21, 2011.
  49. ^ "Yandex acquires 10% of U.S. search engine Blekko for $15 mln". Interfax. September 30, 2011.
  50. ^ Rao, Leena (September 29, 2011). "Search Engine Blekko Raises $30 Million From Russian Search Giant Yandex And Others". TechCrunch. Archived from the original on January 10, 2021.
  51. ^ "Blekko Closes $30 Million Funding Round; Welcomes Yandex as Strategic Investor" (Press release). Business Wire. September 29, 2011. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021.
  52. ^ Shatalova, Ekaterina (November 28, 2011). "Yandex Acquires SPB Software Developer to Expand Mobile Products". Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on October 13, 2017.
  53. ^ Empson, Rip (November 28, 2011). "Russian Search Giant Yandex Acquires Mobile Software Developer SPB For $38 Million". TechCrunch. Archived from the original on October 26, 2020.
  54. ^ "Yandex Opens Offices in Europe" (Press release). GlobeNewswire. March 12, 2012. Archived from the original on January 16, 2021.
  55. ^ Brian, Matt (March 12, 2012). "Russian search giant Yandex pushes ad sales in Europe with opening of new Swiss office". TNW.
  56. ^ Brian, Matt (June 22, 2012). "Yandex pays $1m for 25% stake in geophysical data firm Seismotech". TNW.
  57. ^ Lunden, Ingrid (June 22, 2012). "Tech Meets Geo-Tech: Russia's Search Giant Yandex Takes $1M, 25% Stake In Seismotech". TechCrunch.
  58. ^ Constantin, Lucian (October 1, 2012). "Yandex launches Chromium-based Web browser with security extras". Computer World.
  59. ^ O'Brien, Terrence (October 2, 2012). "Yandex launches its own browser targeting Russian market". Engadget.
  60. ^ Wauters, Robin (October 1, 2012). "Russia's Yandex does the inevitable, launches WebKit-powered Internet browser to stave off Google". TNW.
  61. ^ Degeler, Andrii (November 6, 2012). "Russian Internet giant Yandex rolls out mapping service for Europe and the US". TNW.
  62. ^ Lomas, Natasha (March 26, 2013). "Yandex Adds English UI To Its Translation App To Widen Its International Appeal". TechCrunch. Archived from the original on October 30, 2020.
  63. ^ "Mail.ru, Yandex agree to place ads from Yandex. Direct on search engine". Interfax. July 25, 2013. Archived from the original on May 7, 2020.
  64. ^ "Yandex Acquires KinoPoisk" (Press release). GlobeNewswire. October 15, 2013. Archived from the original on January 12, 2021.
  65. ^ Lunden, Ingrid (October 15, 2013). "Yandex Buys KinoPoisk, 'Russia's IMDb', To Move Into Film Search And Recommendation". TechCrunch. Archived from the original on October 22, 2020.
  66. ^ Kiselyova, Maria (October 16, 2013). "Yandex buys Russian movie review site". Reuters. Archived from the original on January 15, 2021.
  67. ^ "Yandex acquires KinoPoisk". Investor's Business Daily. October 16, 2013 – via Yahoo! Finance.
  68. ^ d’Amora, Delphine (April 10, 2014). "Internet Titan Yandex Leads State-Owned Channel One for 2013 Revenue". The Moscow Times. Archived from the original on March 31, 2019.
  69. ^ "Russia's Yandex to open new office in Europe". Reuters. February 6, 2014. Archived from the original on October 24, 2020.
  70. ^ "Yandex invests in MultiShip: A perfect match on the Russian e-commerce service scene". VentureBeat. February 1, 2014. Archived from the original on August 11, 2020.
  71. ^ "Yandex invests in online logistics provider". Reuters. February 1, 2014. Archived from the original on January 16, 2021.
  72. ^ "Yandex Acquires KitLocate" (Press release). GlobeNewswire. March 18, 2014. Archived from the original on April 3, 2019.
  73. ^ Lomas, Natasha (March 18, 2014). "Russian Search Giant Yandex Acquires Low-Power Mobile Geolocation Startup KitLocate". TechCrunch. Archived from the original on January 26, 2021.
  74. ^ Shamah, David (March 21, 2014). "Yandex to open Israeli R&D centre after KitLocate acquisition". ZDNet. Archived from the original on April 3, 2019.
  75. ^ Rozhkov, Roman (May 14, 2014). ""Яндекс" заплатил за большие данные" [Yandex paid for big data]. Kommersant (in Russian).
  76. ^ "Yandex to Acquire Auto.ru" (Press release). GlobeNewswire. June 16, 2014. Archived from the original on January 16, 2021.
  77. ^ Lunden, Ingrid (June 16, 2014). "Yandex Acquires Auto.Ru For $175M, Adding Car Classifieds To Its Search Business". TechCrunch. Archived from the original on October 27, 2020.
  78. ^ Degeler, Andrii (November 27, 2014). "Yandex's new browser is a bold UI experiment that takes the best from Chrome and Opera". TNW.
  79. ^ Lomas, Natasha (May 21, 2015). "Yandex Pushes Privacy With Beta Release Of Its Minimalist Browser". TechCrunch.
  80. ^ Lunden, Ingrid (June 4, 2015). "Yandex Launches Yandex.Radio, A Curated Free Music Service For Russian Users". TechCrunch.
  81. ^ Wright, Mic (June 4, 2015). "Yandex Radio launches to be Pandora for Russians". TNW.
  82. ^ "Russian Internet company Yandex opens commercial office in Shanghai". TASS. September 10, 2015. Archived from the original on January 16, 2021.
  83. ^ "Yandex acquires software developer Agnitum". December 9, 2015. Archived from the original on January 12, 2021.
  84. ^ "Yandex to close offices in Kiev and Odessa". TASS. June 1, 2017.
  85. ^ "DOC , the Digital Health Company, Raises $5M From Yandex and Baring Vostok" (Press release). PR Newswire. June 6, 2018. Archived from the original on August 9, 2020.
  86. ^ Heater, Brian (October 10, 2017). "Yandex introduces Alice, an Alexa-like assistant that speaks Russian". TechCrunch. Archived from the original on January 8, 2021.
  87. ^ Locklear, Mallory (October 10, 2017). "Meet Alice: The virtual assistant from Russian search giant Yandex". Engadget. Archived from the original on December 4, 2020.
  88. ^ "«Яндекс» выводит «Алису» в люди" [Yandex Brings Alice to the People]. Kommersant (in Russian). October 10, 2017.
  89. ^ Teterevleva, Anastasia; Devitt, Polina (December 25, 2017). "Russia's Yandex.Taxi buys food delivery service Foodfox". Reuters. Archived from the original on January 16, 2021.
  90. ^ Junaid, Faraz (November 7, 2022). "Yandex Games is now Available Across the MENA Region". gadgetvoize. Archived from the original on January 31, 2023.
  91. ^ a b "Итоги 2021: Павел Епишин из «Яндекс.Игр» о главном за год" [Pavel Epishin from Yandex.Games: results of the year]. January 5, 2022. Archived from the original on January 26, 2022.
  92. ^ Etherington, Darrell (February 16, 2018). "Yandex shows off the first tests of self-driving cars on Moscow roads". TechCrunch. Archived from the original on November 25, 2020.
  93. ^ Hawkins, Andrew J. (February 16, 2018). "Watch this self-driving car navigate the snowy streets of Moscow". The Verge. Archived from the original on January 16, 2021.
  94. ^ "Yandex and Uber Complete the Combination of Their Ride-Sharing Businesses in Russia and Neighboring Countries" (Press release). GlobeNewswire. February 7, 2018. Archived from the original on November 9, 2020.
  95. ^ Kiselyova, Maria (August 9, 2017). "Russia's Yandex sets up e-commerce venture with Sberbank". Reuters. Archived from the original on January 16, 2021.
  96. ^ Lunden, Ingrid (May 29, 2018). "Russia's Yandex unveils Plus, a Prime-style service for $2.75/month, 'Station' smart speaker and Alice skills". TechCrunch.
  97. ^ "Yandex Buys Startup Fuel Delivery Service". The Moscow Times. Reuters. August 8, 2018.
  98. ^ "Yandex N.V. acquired an additional 90% stake in Edadil Promo, OOO from Natalia Gagarina and others". Market Screener. October 1, 2018.
  99. ^ "Russian tech giant Yandex unveils its first ever smartphone". Daily Sabah. December 5, 2018.
  100. ^ Heater, Brian (December 5, 2018). "Yandex gets in the smartphone game". TechCrunch.
  101. ^ "Russian Digital Major Yandex to Launch Investment Portal With VTB Bank". The Moscow Times. bne IntelliNews. September 16, 2019.
  102. ^ "«Яндекс» представил понимающую жесты колонку" [Yandex Introduces Gesture-Understanding Column]. Izvestia (in Russian). October 9, 2019.
  103. ^ "Yandex.Taxi completes acquisition of food delivery startup". East West Digital News. October 24, 2019.
  104. ^ Stanovaya, Tatiana (November 27, 2019). "Yandex Is Safe for Now, but Kremlin Compromise Is Fragile". The Moscow Times.
  105. ^ "Yandex ends its free COVID-19 home testing program". Meduza. May 15, 2020.
  106. ^ "Yandex Offers Free Coronavirus Tests in Moscow as City Bears the Brunt of Russia's Outbreak". The Moscow Times. April 21, 2020.
  107. ^ Henni, Adrien (July 2, 2020). "Yandex and Sberbank Finalize Divorce". The Moscow Times.
  108. ^ "Masked Men Raid Uber and Yandex's Belarus Offices Amid Election Protests". The Moscow Times. August 13, 2020.
  109. ^ "«Яндекс» вложит в беспилотники $150 млн" [Yandex to Invest $150 Million in Drones]. Kommersant (in Russian). September 4, 2020.
  110. ^ "Tinkoff Scraps $5.5Bln Deal With Yandex, Shares Plunge". The Moscow Times. October 16, 2020.
  111. ^ Marrow, Alexander; Ostroukh, Andrey (October 16, 2020). "Russia's Yandex and TCS terminate $5.48 billion Tinkoff talks". Reuters.
  112. ^ Khrennikov, Ilya; Baraulina, Anna (October 16, 2020). "Yandex's $5.5 Billion Deal for TCS Collapses as Tinkov Balks". Bloomberg News.
  113. ^ "«Яндекс» запустил сервис безналичной оплаты Yandex Pay" [Yandex Launches Cashless Payment Service Yandex Pay]. Interfax (in Russian). March 10, 2021.
  114. ^ "Яндекс и ВТБ примут участие в СП по производству серверов в России" [Yandex and VTB to Take Part in JV for Server Production in Russia]. Interfax (in Russian). June 3, 2021. Archived from the original on October 8, 2021.
  115. ^ Bellan, Rebecca (August 31, 2021). "Yandex buys out Uber's stake in Yandex Self-Driving Group, Eats, Lavka and Delivery for $1B". TechCrunch.
  116. ^ "Yandex Buys Uber Out of Food Delivery Partnership in $1Bln Deal". The Moscow Times. August 31, 2021.
  117. ^ "«Ведомости»: «Яндекс» подвергся самой крупной DDoS‑атаке в истории рунета"" [Vedomosti: Yandex suffered the largest DDoS attack in the history of the Russian Internet]. Mediazona (in Russian). September 8, 2021.
  118. ^ Chen, I-Chun (September 27, 2021). "ClickHouse spins out from Yandex and other NYC tech news". American City Business Journals.
  119. ^ Roof, Katie (October 28, 2021). "ClickHouse Valued at $2 Billion in Round After Yandex Spinout". Bloomberg News.
  120. ^ "Яндекс, ВТБ, Ланит и Gigabyte наладят выпуск серверов в Рязанской области" [Yandex, GC Lanit, VTB and Gigabyte to launch server production in Ryazan Oblast]. Interfax (in Russian). October 6, 2021. Archived from the original on October 8, 2021.
  121. ^ Rozhkov, Roman; Gavrilyuk, Anastasia (June 30, 2023). ""Яндекс" и "Ланит" ищут варианты по выходу из СП по производству серверов" [Yandex and Lanit are looking for options to exit the server production joint venture]. Forbes (in Russian).
  122. ^ Bellan, Rebecca (October 12, 2021). "Russian tech giant Yandex expands Israeli footprint with acquisition of Wind's Tel Aviv operations". TechCrunch.
  123. ^ "Яндекс купит платформу по управлению интернет-рекламой для МСП" [Yandex to Buy Online Advertising Management Platform for SMEs]. Интерфакс (in Russian). January 19, 2022. Archived from the original on January 20, 2022.
  124. ^ "Яндекс покупает сервис BandLink" [Yandex buys BandLink service]. ТАСС (in Russian). January 18, 2022. Archived from the original on January 18, 2022.
  125. ^ "Russia's Yandex head steps down two weeks early".
  126. ^ "Report: Jewish CEO of 'Russia's Google' leaves country for Israel over war". The Times of Israel. April 5, 2022.
  127. ^ "Yandex CEO resigns after being targeted by EU sanctions". Reuters. June 3, 2022.
  128. ^ "В Финляндии арестованы активы "Яндекса" и братьев Ротенбергов" [Assets of Yandex and Rotenberg Brothers Seized in Finland]. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (in Russian). September 22, 2022.
  129. ^ Lomas, Natasha (September 12, 2022). "Yandex's sale of News and Zen to VK completes". TechCrunch.
  130. ^ Lomas, Natasha (April 28, 2022). "Yandex signs deal with VK to sell its media products, News and Zen". TechCrunch.
  131. ^ Roth, Andrew (August 23, 2022). "Russia's Yandex to sell off news service as state tightens grip on online media". The Guardian. Moscow.
  132. ^ "Большой размен. Как "Яндекс" отдал конкуренту главную" [The Big Exchange: How Yandex Gave the Main Page of the Runet to a Competitor]. The Bell. August 29, 2022.
  133. ^ "Russian Tech Giant Yandex Sells Media Assets". Barron's. Agence France Presse. August 23, 2022.
  134. ^ Boropayeva, Yevgeniya (August 23, 2022). "«Яндекс» сменит главную страницу после сделки с VK" [Yandex to Change Homepage After VK Deal]. RBK Daily (in Russian).
  135. ^ "Yandex Announces a Binding Agreement to Divest News and Zen Services" (Press release). AccessWire. August 23, 2022.
  136. ^ Avilov, Alexander (April 28, 2022). "Russia's Yandex Sells News and Blogging Products to VK". The Moscow Times. Archived from the original on June 10, 2022.
  137. ^ Костерева, Милена (December 22, 2022). ""Яндекс" создал новый международный бизнес с десятком стартапов" [Yandex Creates New International Business with Dozens of Startups]. Kommersant.
  138. ^ Кагалтынов, Эрдни (December 30, 2022). "Аркадий Волож попрощался с "Яндексом"" [Arkady Volozh bids farewell to Yandex]. Kommersant (in Russian).
  139. ^ "Yandex to open YandexGPT to testing for business customers, monetization model still undefined". Interfax. June 19, 2023.
  140. ^ Batyrov, Timur (May 17, 2023). "«Яндекс» добавил в «Алису» генеративную нейросеть YandexGPT" [Yandex Adds Generative Neural Network YandexGPT to Alice]. Forbes (in Russian).
  141. ^ Bobova, Tanya (April 17, 2023). "«Яндекс Браузер» добавил автоматический перевод видео с китайского языка" [Yandex Browser Adds Automatic Video Translation from Chinese language] (in Russian). vc.ru.
  142. ^ Khabidulina, Yekaterina (June 7, 2023). "«Яндекс» объявил о запуске роботакси в Москве" [Yandex Announces Launch of Robotaxi in Moscow]. Forbes (in Russian).
  143. ^ Rakic, Snezana (June 14, 2023). "Yandex to open its biggest international office in Serbia". Serbian Monitor.
  144. ^ "Russian Yandex to Open Biggest International Office in Belgrade". eKapija. June 13, 2023.
  145. ^ "Yandex has opened an office in Belgrade". Oreanda News. June 15, 2023.
  146. ^ McHUGH, DAVID (February 5, 2024). "The owners of Russia's tech pioneer Yandex are selling — at a big, Kremlin-required discount". Associated Press.
  147. ^ Gain, Vish (July 15, 2024). "Dutch-owned Yandex sells Russian assets in $5.4bn deal". Silicon Republic.
  148. ^ Kurmanaev, Anatoly (February 5, 2024). "Russian Tech Giant Reaches $5 Billion Deal to Quit Russia". The New York Times.
  149. ^ "Yandex: Owner of 'Russia's Google' pulls out of home country". BBC News. February 6, 2024.
  150. ^ Marrow, Alexander (February 5, 2024). "Why the $5.2 billion sale of Russia's Yandex is significant". Reuters.
  151. ^ Marrow, Alexander (July 15, 2024). "Yandex split finalised as Russian assets sold in $5.4 bln deal". Reuters.
  152. ^ Marrow, Alexander (May 25, 2023). "Yandex receives bids for stakes in Russia-based businesses". Reuters.
  153. ^ "Russian Yandex to expand Türkiye reach with $400M investment". Daily Sabah. October 23, 2024.
  154. ^ Lunden, Ingrid (July 18, 2017). "Yandex open sources CatBoost, a gradient boosting machine learning library". TechCrunch.
  155. ^ Yegulalp, Serdar (July 28, 2017). "Yandex open sources CatBoost machine learning library". InfoWorld.
  156. ^ Poborchiy, Roman (August 20, 2021). "Code Completion, Episode 4: Model Training". JetBrains.
  157. ^ Rasumov, Nikon (February 20, 2019). "Stop the Bots: Practical Lessons in Machine Learning". CloudFlare.
  158. ^ "How Careem's Destination Prediction Service speeds up your ride". Medium. February 19, 2019.
  159. ^ "Search Engine Giant Yandex Launches Cocaine, A Cloud". TechCrunch. October 16, 2013.
  160. ^ "Распознавание речи от Яндекса. Под капотом у Yandex.SpeechKit". habr.com (in Russian). October 22, 2013.
  161. ^ Yevseyeva, Yevgeniya (April 19, 2022). "«Яндекс» выложил в открытый доступ исходный код системы управления базами данных YDB" [Yandex has made the source code of its database management system publicly available]. vc.ru (in Russian).
  162. ^ "YDB Is Now Available as Open-Source Project". Medium. June 23, 2022.
  163. ^ Viatris, Viktoriya (March 20, 2023). ""Яндекс" открыл исходный код своей платформы для работы с большими данными" [Yandex has opened the source code of its big data platform] (in Russian). TASS.
  164. ^ "Yandex unveils source code of company's big data platform". TASS. March 20, 2023.
  165. ^ a b Bing, Christopher; Stubbs, Jack; Menn, Joseph (June 27, 2019). "Exclusive: Western intelligence hacked 'Russia's Google' Yandex to spy on accounts - sources". Reuters. Archived from the original on March 6, 2020.
  166. ^ Ilascu, Ionut (February 12, 2021). "Yandex suffers data breach after sysadmin sold access to user emails". BleepingComputer. Archived from the original on February 14, 2021.
  167. ^ "Yandex source code leaked on a hacking forum". Cybernews. January 26, 2023. Archived from the original on January 30, 2023.
  168. ^ Toulas, Bill (January 26, 2023). "Yandex denies hack, blames source code leak on former employee". Bleeping Computer. Archived from the original on January 30, 2023.
  169. ^ "Указ президента України №133/2017 — Офіційне інтернет-представництво Президента України" [DECREE OF THE PRESIDENT OF UKRAINE No. 133/2017] (in Ukrainian). President of Ukraine. April 28, 2017. Archived from the original on December 29, 2020.
  170. ^ Soldatkin, Vladimir; Stubbs, Jack (June 1, 2017). "Russia's Yandex to close offices in Ukraine's Odessa and Kiev". Reuters. Archived from the original on April 21, 2019.
  171. ^ Lomas, Natasha (June 9, 2022). "Russian tech giant Yandex removes national borders from Maps app". TechCrunch.
  172. ^ "Russia's Yandex Maps to Stop Displaying National Borders". The Moscow Times. June 9, 2022.
  173. ^ Prince, Todd (June 5, 2019). "Russia's Yandex Reportedly Ordered By FSB To Hand Over Encryption Keys". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Archived from the original on January 10, 2021.
  174. ^ "Russian Government Vows to Protect Yandex Against FSB Pressure". The Moscow Times. June 6, 2019. Archived from the original on June 7, 2019.
  175. ^ "Yandex, FSB find acceptable encryption key solution – media watchdog". TASS. June 6, 2019. Archived from the original on June 7, 2019.
  176. ^ "Competition Authorities Open Case Against Yandex for Abusing Search Dominance". The Moscow Times. April 14, 2021.
  177. ^ McGee, Patrick (March 29, 2022). "Russian tech giant's data harvesting raises security concerns". Financial Times. Archived from the original on March 29, 2022.
  178. ^ Jamal, Urooba (March 29, 2022). "Smartphone users' data could be at risk due to app software developed by Russia's largest internet firm, a report says". Business Insider. Archived from the original on March 31, 2022.
  179. ^ Marrow, Alexander; Stolyarov, Gleb (February 25, 2022). "Yandex warns Russian users of unreliable information online after Moscow threatens media". Reuters.
  180. ^ Jackson, Jasper; Hern, Alex (March 30, 2022). "Western-owned Russian firm helps sites pushing false news profit from ads". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077.
  181. ^ Salvo, David (June 2, 2022). "How Russia's Leading Search Engine Spreads Kremlin Propaganda on Ukraine: Introducing ASD's Yandex Dashboard". Alliance For Securing Democracy.
  182. ^ Cordell, Jake (March 16, 2022). "Yandex Head Quits After Surprise EU Sanctions". The Moscow Times.
  183. ^ Reyter, Svetlana (May 5, 2022). "Мы замучились бороться. Как российское вторжение в Украину раскололо "Яндекс"" [We are tired of fighting How the Russian invasion of Ukraine split Yandex.]. Meduza (in Russian). Archived from the original on November 22, 2022.
  184. ^ Kelly, Lidia (June 19, 2023). "Russia's Yandex fined for refusing to share user information with security services". Reuters.
  185. ^ "Russia Fines Tech Giant Yandex 2M Rubles". The Moscow Times. June 19, 2023.
  186. ^ "Yandex General Director Accused of Violating 'LGBT Propaganda' Ban". The Moscow Times. July 5, 2023.
  187. ^ "Yandex transfers record amount of user data to Russian authorities". News.az. November 2, 2024.
  188. ^ Petrenko, Roman (August 17, 2024). "FSB and Yandex trick Russians wishing to join Russian volunteer formations in Ukraine into giving personal details". Ukrainska Pravda.
  189. ^ a b Pototsky, Dan (April 3, 2014). "Telling the Yandex story: 'Startup' gets off the ground". Russia Beyond. Archived from the original on August 12, 2020.
  190. ^ Wauters, Robin (March 14, 2013). "What, no Justin Timberlake? There's a movie about Yandex in the works". The Next Web.
  191. ^ "Количество ежедневных запросов к поисковой машине Яндекс превысило 2 миллиона" [The number of daily requests to the Yandex search engine exceeded 2 million]. Yandex (in Russian). April 12, 2002. Archived from the original on April 11, 2015.
  192. ^ "Новые Яндекс.Новости можно использовать в качестве зеркала СМИ" [New Yandex.News can be used as a media mirror]. I2R.ru (in Russian). Archived from the original on July 1, 2017.
  193. ^ "Поиск в интернете: что и как ищут пользователи" [Internet Search: What and How Users Search]. Yandex (in Russian). Archived from the original on April 11, 2015.
  194. ^ "Поисковые запросы и жизнь" [Search queries and life]. Yandex (in Russian). December 2011. Archived from the original on April 11, 2015.
  195. ^ "Алгоритм «Палех»: как нейронные сети помогают поиску Яндекса" ["Palekh" algorithm: how neural networks help Yandex search] (in Russian). November 2, 2016. Archived from the original on October 7, 2020.
edit
  •   Media related to Yandex at Wikimedia Commons

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yandex&oldid=1262392353"