WASP-49 is a binary star system about 636 light-years (195 parsecs) away in the constellation Lepus. The two stars are separated by 443 AU.[6] The primary is a G-type main-sequence star, with a surface temperature of 5,600 K (5,330 °C; 9,620 °F). WASP-49 is depleted of heavy elements relative to the Sun. It has a metallicity Fe/H index of –0.23, meaning it has 59% the iron level of the Sun.[5]
| Observation data Epoch J2000 Equinox J2000 | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Lepus |
| Right ascension | 06h 04m 21.47357s[1] |
| Declination | −16° 57′ 55.1087″[1] |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 11.35[2] |
| Characteristics | |
| Spectral type | G6V[3] |
| Astrometry | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | 41.81±0.38[1] km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: 54.671 mas/yr[1] Dec.: -19.055 mas/yr[1] |
| Parallax (π) | 5.1315 ± 0.0158 mas[1] |
| Distance | 636 ± 2 ly (194.9 ± 0.6 pc) |
| Details | |
| A | |
| Mass | 1.003±0.10[3] M☉ |
| Radius | 1.038±0.038[3] R☉ |
| Luminosity | 0.884[4] L☉ |
| Surface gravity (log g) | 4.5±0.1[3] cgs |
| Temperature | 5,600±150[5] K |
| Metallicity [Fe/H] | −0.230±0.070[5] dex |
| Rotational velocity (v sin i) | 0.90±0.30[5] km/s |
| Age | 11.9 0.8 −3.2[5] Gyr |
| B | |
| Mass | 0.337 0.009 −0.024[6] M☉ |
| Temperature | 3454 10 −25[6] K |
| Other designations | |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | A |
| B | |
Planetary system
editIn 2012, one exoplanet, designated WASP-49b, was discovered around the primary star by a team led by Monika Lendl.[8] This is a hot Jupiter with an equilibrium temperature of 1369±39 K.[8]
In 2017, WASP-49b was found to have an extensive sodium envelope.[3] A study in 2019 using data from the Hubble Space Telescope in near-UV found clear absorption features caused by metals, including magnesium and iron. The gaseous magnesium and iron is not gravitationally bound to the planet, but could be magnetically confined to it.[9][10] The sodium layer around WASP-49b could be due to a tidally-heated Io-like exomoon.[11][12] In October 2024, a 5-year study was published indicating that the sodium envelope most likely comes from a distinct body orbiting WASP-49b rather than the star or the planet, although the exact dynamics of the envelope remains to be settled.[13][14]
| Companion (in order from star) |
Mass | Semimajor axis (AU) |
Orbital period (days) |
Eccentricity | Inclination | Radius |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (A)b | 0.399 0.029 −0.027 MJ |
0.0379 0.0010 −0.0011 |
2.7817387(56) | <0.026 | 84.89±0.19° | 1.115±0.047 RJ |
References
edit- ^ a b c d e Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv:2208.00211. Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940. S2CID 244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
- ^ Høg, E.; et al. (2000). "The Tycho-2 catalogue of the 2.5 million brightest stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 355: L27–L30. Bibcode:2000A&A...355L..27H.
- ^ a b c d e Wyttenbach, A.; Lovis, C.; Ehrenreich, D.; Bourrier, V.; Pino, L.; Allart, R.; Astudillo-Defru, N.; Cegla, H. M.; Heng, K.; Lavie, B.; Melo, C.; Murgas, F.; Santerne, A.; Ségransan, D.; Udry, S.; Pepe, F. (2017). "Hot Exoplanet Atmospheres Resolved with Transit Spectroscopy (HEARTS)". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 602: A36. arXiv:1702.00448. Bibcode:2017A&A...602A..36W. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201630063. S2CID 55988055.
- ^ Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
- ^ a b c d e f Bonomo, A. S.; et al. (2017), "The GAPS Programme with HARPS-N at TNG", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 602: A107, arXiv:1704.00373, Bibcode:2017A&A...602A.107B, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629882, S2CID 118923163
- ^ a b c Mugrauer, M. (December 2019). "Search for stellar companions of exoplanet host stars by exploring the second ESA-Gaia data release". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 490 (4): 5088–5102. Bibcode:2019MNRAS.490.5088M. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz2673.
- ^ "WASP-49". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2019-08-29.
- ^ a b Lendl, M.; Anderson, D. R.; Collier-Cameron, A.; Doyle, A. P.; Gillon, M.; Hellier, C.; Jehin, E.; Lister, T. A.; Maxted, P. F. L.; Pepe, F.; Pollacco, D.; Queloz, D.; Smalley, B.; Ségransan, D.; Smith, A. M. S.; Triaud, A. H. M. J.; Udry, S.; West, R. G.; Wheatley, P. J. (2012), "WASP-42 b and WASP-49 b: Two new transiting sub-Jupiters", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 544: A72, arXiv:1205.2757, Bibcode:2012A&A...544A..72L, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219585, S2CID 54186638
- ^ Sing, David K.; Lavvas, Panayotis; Ballester, Gilda E.; Etangs, Alain Lecavelier des; Marley, Mark S.; Nikolov, Nikolay; Ben-Jaffel, Lotfi; Bourrier, Vincent; Buchhave, Lars A.; Deming, Drake L.; Ehrenreich, David; et al. (2019-08-01). "The HST PanCET Program: Exospheric Mg II and Fe II in the Near-UV transmission spectrum of WASP-121b using Jitter Decorrelation". The Astronomical Journal. 158 (2): 91. arXiv:1908.00619. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab2986. hdl:10150/634666. ISSN 1538-3881. S2CID 199405274.
- ^ "Hubble Uncovers a 'Heavy Metal' Exoplanet Shaped Like a Football". HubbleSite.org. Retrieved 2020-01-01.
- ^ Oza, Apurva V.; Johnson, Robert E.; Lellouch, Emmanuel; Schmidt, Carl; Schneider, Nick; Huang, Chenliang; Gamborino, Diana; Gebek, Andrea; Wyttenbach, Aurelien; Demory, Brice-Olivier; Mordasini, Christoph; Saxena, Prabal; Dubois, David; Moullet, Arielle; Thomas, Nicolas (2019-08-28). "Sodium and Potassium Signatures of Volcanic Satellites Orbiting Close-in Gas Giant Exoplanets". The Astrophysical Journal. 885 (2): 168. arXiv:1908.10732. Bibcode:2019ApJ...885..168O. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab40cc. S2CID 201651224.
- ^ "Hints of a volcanically active exomoon". Portal. 2019-08-29. Retrieved 2020-01-01.
- ^ Cowing, Keith (October 2024). "Does Distant Planet WASP-49 b Host Volcanic Moon Like Jupiter's Io?". Astrobiology. Retrieved 2024-10-12.
- ^ Oza, Apurva V.; Seidel, Julia V.; Hoeijmakers, H. Jens; Unni, Athira; Kesseli, Aurora Y.; Schmidt, Carl A.; Sivarani, Thirupathi; Bello-Arufe, Aaron; Gebek, Andrea; Meyer zu Westram, Moritz; Sousa, Sérgio G.; Lopes, Rosaly M. C.; Hu, Renyu; de Kleer, Katherine; Fisher, Chloe (2024-10-01). "Redshifted Sodium Transient near Exoplanet Transit". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 973 (2): L53. arXiv:2409.19844. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ad6b29. ISSN 2041-8205.
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