Viola sagittata, commonly called the arrowleaf violet,[1] is a species of flowering plant in the violet family (Violaceae). It is native to the eastern North America in Canada and the United States, where it is widespread.[2] It is found in a variety of natural habitats, but is most common in dry, open communities such as prairies, glades, or woodlands, often in sandy or rocky soil.[3][4]
| Viola sagittata | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Malpighiales |
| Family: | Violaceae |
| Genus: | Viola |
| Species: | V. sagittata
|
| Binomial name | |
| Viola sagittata | |
Viola sagittata is an stemless perennial. It can be distinguished from other Viola in its area by its leaves that are much longer than wide, with truncate to subcordate bases.[5] It produces purple flowers in the spring.[3]
Taxonomy
editTwo varieties are currently recognized.[4][6] They are quite distinct, which has led some taxonomists to consider them to be distinct species.[7] The varieties are:
- V. sagittata var. ovata - Found primarily in the Appalachian Mountains and Great Lakes area.
- V. sagittata var. sagittata - Widespread across eastern North America.
References
edit- ^ NRCS. "Viola sagittata". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 13 July 2018.
- ^ "Viola sagittata". County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014. Retrieved 14 July 2018.
- ^ a b Hilty, John (2020). "Arrow-Leaved Violet (Viola sagittata)". Illinois Wildflowers.
- ^ a b Ballard Jr., Harvey E. "Viola sagittata". In Yatskievych, George (ed.). Flora of Missouri. Missouri Botanical Garden – via Tropicos.org.
- ^ Weakley, Alan (2015). "Flora of the Southern and Mid-Atlantic States".
- ^ Little, R. John; McKinney, Landon E. (2015). "Viola sagittata". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 6. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
- ^ Reznicek, A. A.; Voss, E. G.; Walters, B. S., eds. (February 2011). "Viola sagittata". Michigan Flora Online. University of Michigan Herbarium.
