Wikipedia

Mitre Corporation

(Redirected from Vaccination Credential Initiative)
"MITRE" redirects here. For other uses, see Mitre (disambiguation).

The Mitre Corporation (stylized as The MITRE Corporation and MITRE) is an American not-for-profit organization with dual headquarters in Bedford, Massachusetts, and McLean, Virginia. It manages federally funded research and development centers (FFRDCs) supporting various U.S. government agencies in the aviation, defense, healthcare, homeland security, and cybersecurity fields, among others.[2][3]

The MITRE Corporation
Company type501(c)3 not-for-profit corporation
Founded1958; 66 years ago (1958)
HeadquartersBedford, Massachusetts and McLean, Virginia, United States
Key people
Mark Peters
(President and Chief executive officer)
Rodney E. Slater
(Chairman)
RevenueUS$2.2 billion (2022)[1]
Number of employees
9,000 (2022)[1]
Websitewww.mitre.org Edit this at Wikidata

MITRE formed in 1958 as a military think tank, spun out from the radar and computer research at the MIT Lincoln Laboratory. Over the years, MITRE's field of study had greatly diversified. In the 1990s, with the winding down of the Cold War, private companies complained that MITRE had an unfair advantage competing for civilian contracts; in 1996 this led to the civilian projects being spun off to a new company, Mitretek. Mitretek was renamed Noblis in 2007.

Etymology

edit

The name MITRE was created by James McCormack Jr., one of the original board members. The name is not an acronym,[4] although various claims that it is can be found online.[5] Originally always seen in upper case, MITRE began using normal capitalization around the time of the Mitretek spinoff, but both forms can still be widely found as of 2023.

History

edit
 
The MITRE Center in Bedford, Massachusetts, in 2009
 
MITRE offices in McLean, Virginia, in 2017; the company has had a presence in McLean since 1963.

MITRE was founded in Bedford, Massachusetts in 1958,[6] spun off from the MIT Lincoln Laboratory.[7] MITRE's first employees had been developing the Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) system and aerospace defense as part of Lincoln Labs Division 6. They were specifically engaged in MIT's research and engineering of the project.

MITRE's early leadership has been described as "a mix of men" affiliated with the Ford Foundation, the Institute for Defense Analyses, RAND Corporation, System Development Corporation (SDC), and the United States Armed Forces, including Horace Rowan Gaither, James Rhyne Killian, James McCormack, and Julius Adams Stratton.[8]

In April 1959, a site was purchased in Bedford, Massachusetts, near Hanscom Air Force Base, to develop a new MITRE laboratory, which MITRE occupied in September 1959.[9] MITRE established an office in McLean in 1963,[7] and had approximately 850 technical employees by 1967.[10] MITRE registered the first .org domain on July 10, 1985, which continues to be used by the company.[11][12] During the 1980s, the German hacker Markus Hess used an unsecured Mitre Tymnet connection as an entry point for intrusions into U.S. Department of Defense, Department of Energy, and NASA computer networks.[13] By 1989, the company had thousands of employees in Bedford and McLean; approximately 3,000 employees in the "command, control, communications and intelligence" ("C3I")[7] division oversaw military projects, while non-military projects were handled by the civilian METREK division, which had approximately 800 employees based in McLean.[14]

By the 1990s, MITRE had become a "multifaceted engineering company with a wide range of clients," according to Kathleen Day of The Washington Post.[7] MITRE worked on neural network software, the long-distance telecommunications service FTS2000 for the General Services Administration, and a new computer system for the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.[14] On January 29, 1996, Mitre divided into two entities: The MITRE Corporation, to focus on its FFRDCs for DoD and FAA; and a new company established in McLean, called Mitretek Systems until 2007 and now called Noblis, to assume non-FFRDC research work for other U.S. Government agencies.[7]

Organization

edit

MITRE restructured its research and engineering operations in mid 2020, forming MITRE Labs. Approximately half of MITRE's employees work under the unit, which seeks to "further extend the parent organization's impact across federally-funded research-and-development centers and with partners in academia and industry".[15]

The nonprofit foundation MITRE Engenuity (or simply Engenuity) was launched in 2019 "to collaborate with the private sector on solving industrywide problems with cyber defense" in collaboration with corporate partners.[16] The foundation created the Center for Threat-Informed Defense that has 23 member organizations with cybersecurity teams, as of 2020, including Fujitsu and Microsoft.[17] In September 2020, Engenuity's Center for Threat-Informed Defense and partners launched the Adversary Emulation Library, a GitHub-hosted project providing downloadable emulation plans to network security groups at no cost.[17] The library's first plan was focused on the prominent cybercrime group FIN6. MITRE had previously released emulation plans for the Chinese and Russian hacker groups Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) 3 and APT29 in 2017 and 2020, respectively.[17] In March 2021, Engenuity created the MITRE ATT&CK Defender training program to educate and certify cybersecurity professionals.[18]

Federally funded research and development centers (FFRDCs)

edit

MITRE manages six FFRDCs. The National Security Engineering Center, previously known as the C3I Federally Funded Research and Development Center until 2011, addresses national security issues for the Department of Defense.[6][19]

MITRE's Center for Advanced Aviation System Development (CAASD) supports the FAA, an agency within the Department of Transportation.[20]

The organization's Center for Enterprise Modernization, which focuses on enterprise modernization, was established as the IRS Federally Funded Research and Development Center in 1998, before being renamed in August 2001. Originally sponsored by the Internal Revenue Service (a bureau of the Department of the Treasury), the Department of Veterans Affairs joined as a co-sponsor in 2008,[21] and the Social Security Administration joined as a co-sponsor in 2018.[19]

MITRE's Homeland Security Systems Engineering and Development Institute (HSSEDI) completes work for the Department of Homeland Security, such as maintaining the federal executive department's list of the 25 most common software bugs.[22] The HSSEDI was established in 2009, following passage of the Homeland Security Act of 2002,[23] and along with the Homeland Security Studies and Analysis Institute replaced the Homeland Security Institute.[19]

MITRE's CMS Alliance to Modernize Healthcare was established in 2012 as the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Federally Funded Research and Development Center, also known as the Health FFRDC. The FFRDC is sponsored by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, an agency within the Department of Health and Human Services.[19]

MITRE has managed the National Cybersecurity FFRDC since 2014, following receipt of a "single indefinite-delivery, indefinite-quantity" $5 billion contract from the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST) for a research center dedicated to cybersecurity. MITRE will support NIST's work "related to cybersecurity solutions composed of commercial components and the integration of technology to build trustworthy information systems for government agencies".[24]

Currently, MITRE holds the contract to administer and provide management to JASON, an advisory group for the federal government made up of scientists.[25]

Policy

edit

MITRE's Center for Data-Driven Policy, established in 2020, seeks to "provide evidence-based, objective and nonpartisan insights for government policymaking".[26]

The Center for Technology & National Security, now part of the Center for Data-Driven Policy, was created to link MITRE "with senior government officials for research and development purposes". Members of the advisory board include John F. Campbell, Lisa Disbrow, William E. Gortney, Robert B. Murrett, and Robert O. Work, as of mid 2020.[27]

Projects

edit

National security

edit

U.S. military forces, especially the Air Force, were primary initial sponsors; according to Air Force Magazine, MITRE was created "as a special-purpose technical not-for-profit firm to perform the SAGE systems-engineering job".[10] The aerial warfare service branch had struggled to identify a for-profit corporation to develop the defense system, so MITRE was hired to serve as the system engineer. MITRE subsequently designed air defense systems for the U.S. and allies, improving aircraft and missile tracking as well as communication interception abilities. The company also helped design the Cheyenne Mountain Complex facility in Colorado operating the North American Air Defense system.[14] In the 1970s, MITRE continued supporting military projects such as AWACS and the Joint Tactical Information Distribution System and "[helping] civil agencies develop information systems for transportation, medicine, law enforcement, space exploration and environmental cleanup."[7]

MITRE has completed software engineering work for the Distributed Common Ground System and helped the North Atlantic Treaty Organization create intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) data standards. The company also worked with the Multi-Sensor Aerospace-Ground Joint ISR Interoperability Coalition to ensure proper formatting for ISR sensor data.[28] In 2018, MITRE developed the "Deliver Uncompromised" strategy for the Department of Defense, proposing recommendations for supply chain security.[29] MITRE and the Air Force Association's Mitchell Institute published a report in 2019 recommending improved technologies for the U.S. nuclear command, control and communications (NC3) network and warning that some of the system's early satellites are "vulnerable to electronic attacks and interference".[30] The firm also published a government-mandated report with recommendations for the Air Force's inventory in 2030.[31] The Department of Veterans Affairs hired MITRE to provide recommendation for implementation and program integration of the Forever GI Bill.[32][33]

MITRE has also focused on the great power competition; in 2020, the company published a paper about 5G networks and competition between China and the U.S.[34]

Airspace, Global Positioning System (GPS), and aerospace

edit

In addition to military work, MITRE's early projects included air traffic control improvements for the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).[14] During the 1980s, MITRE helped modernize the Air Force's airborne early warning and control system and improve the Milstar constellation of communications satellites. The company also worked on a major overhaul of the FAA's traffic control system as well as sensor technology for tracking stealth aircraft.[14] In 1997, MITRE sponsored a research program related to Global Positioning System (GPS) adaptive nulling antennas.[35] MITRE also provided global navigation satellite system signal generation equipment for testing at the United States Army's White Sands Missile Range.[2] The Air Force Research Laboratory's geosynchronous satellite Navigation Technology Satellite-3 will use MITRE's Global Navigation Satellite System Test Architecture to "implement user equipment capability".[36]

MITRE has worked on the traffic collision avoidance system of the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen), a modernization project of the National Airspace System (NAS).[37] MITRE's Integrated Demonstration and Experimentation for Aeronautics (IDEA) Lab has assessed the impact of new technologies for the FAA since 1992. In addition to air traffic management and aviation regulations, the group has worked on merging unmanned aerial vehicle operations into the NAS as well as defining how the system will function in 2035, a decade after the scheduled implementation of NextGen.[38]

MITRE has explored the use of mobile devices for communicating instrument flight rules, specifically clearances at airports lacking Pre-Departure Clearance/Data Comm Clearance.[39] The company's Pacer web application uses System Wide Information Management and Traffic Flow Management System data as well as airline and general aviation departure schedules to "improve the way that general aviation operators file for and obtain departure clearances".[40]

MITRE has also completed air traffic control and safety work for the Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore (CAAS).[41] The company's Singapore-based unit was hired by CAAS to consider how artificial intelligence, machine learning, and speech recognition could be used to improve air traffic management systems.[42][43] Among MITRE's innovations was a "speech recognition prototype that will automate and shorten the transcription process during an aviation incident investigation".[44]

MITRE and the Naval Research Laboratory developed the Frequency-scaled Ultra-wide Spectrum Element (FUSE) antenna to increase the data transfer speed between ground users and satellites. Meshbed, a CubeSat launched into orbit by the Indian Space Research Organisation's Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle in November 2019, will test the antenna's effectiveness.[45] MITRE has received three patents for the antenna.[46]

Cybersecurity and election integrity

edit

The MITRE ATT&CK framework, launched in 2015,[47] has been described by Computer Weekly as "the free, globally accessible service that offers comprehensive and current cyber security threat information" to organizations,[48] and by TechTarget as a "global knowledge base of threat activity, techniques and models".[47] The framework has been used by the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency and the FBI. Version 14.1 was released in October 2023.[47] According to a 2020 study published by the University of California, Berkeley and security software company McAfee, 80 percent of companies use the framework for cybersecurity.[49]

The Structured Threat Information eXchange (STIX), described as a "machine-to-machine cyber threat information-sharing language", was developed by MITRE and the Department of Homeland Security. The program facilitates information sharing between industry, critical infrastructure operators and government in order to blunt cyberattacks" and allows participants to share data via the Trusted Automated eXchange of Indicator Information (TAXII). Program governance was granted to the global nonprofit consortium OASIS in 2015, and STIX 2.0 was approved in 2017.[50]

In September 2020, the U.S. Air Force awarded a $463 million contract to continue work for the National Security Engineering Center, an FFRDC supporting the Department of Defense and Intelligence Community. The contract will provide cybersecurity, electronics, information technology, sensors, and systems engineering services in Bedford and McLean for one year.[6] Microsoft and MITRE partnered on the open source Adversarial Machine Learning Threat Matrix in collaboration with IBM, Nvidia, and academic institutions. Launched in October 2020, the framework is "designed to organize and catalogue known techniques for attacks against machine-learning systems, to inform security analysts and provide them with strategies to detect, respond and remediate against threats".[51]

In February 2020, MITRE launched SQUINT, a free app allowing election officials to report misinformation on social media; the app was being used by eleven U.S. states, as of October 2020.[52][53] The company also established the National Election Security Lab, offering free risk assessments for voting systems.[54]

Other projects include the Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) database of vulnerabilities and exposures related to information security and the Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) category system for software weaknesses and vulnerabilities.[55][56]

Government innovation

edit

MITRE and the British startup company Simudyne partnered to convert an "agent-based" financial risk model of "asset fire-sales and investor flight from banks and funds into a commercial product". The new system is based on one MITRE had previously created for the Department of the Treasury.[57] MITRE has also researched cloud computing policy,[58] helped the U.S. federal government identify fraudulent comments intended to "spoof" public support for non-existent positions during the rulemaking process,[59] and increased the Pennsylvania Department of Revenue's delinquent taxpayer compliance rate.[60]

Health care

edit

In 1982, Mitre authored a proposal for the State Department called "Cannabis Eradication in Foreign Western Nations." In this proposal, a plan was outlined to eradicate cannabis in participating nations within 121 days, for $19 million. The report discussed the use and safety considerations of paraquat. The plan would have been to aerially dispense paraquat over marijuana crops. One safety concern was the food crops grown alongside the marijuana crops being contaminated. A study conducted on rats by Imperial Chemical Industries was cited in the report, and claimed low health risks for paraquat. The U.S. Public Health Service commented on this study saying that due to the present squamous metaplasia in the respiratory tracts of the rats that "This study should not be used to calculate the safe inhalation dose of paraquat in humans."[61]

During the 1980s, MITRE worked on a digital radiological imaging project for MedStar Georgetown University Hospital and an upgrade to MEDLINE for the National Institutes of Health.[14] Synthea, MITRE's open source synthetic data system, "mirrors real population information in terms of demographics, disease burden, vaccinations, medical visits and social determinants",[62] and seeks to "mimic how each patient progresses from birth to death through modular representations of various diseases and conditions".[63] MITRE's patient data set SyntheticMass, based on "fictional" Massachusetts residents, was formatted by Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources and made available to developers via Google Cloud in 2019.[62]

COVID-19

edit
See also: COVID-19 pandemic in the United States

In March 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, MITRE published a white paper claiming the number of confirmed and reported COVID-19 cases "significantly underrepresent the actual number of active domestic COVID-19 infections" in the United States. MITRE said the gap was because of "limited testing capability and the multi-day period of asymptomatic infectivity associated with the COVID-19 pathogen".[64][65] MITRE managed the Coronavirus Commission on Safety and Quality in Nursing Homes, announced by the Donald Trump administration in June 2020, to "independently and comprehensively assess" responses to the pandemic and "offer actionable recommendations to inform future responses to infectious disease outbreaks within nursing homes".[66][67]

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funded a $16.5 million MITRE-led project to create an enduring open source tool called Sara Alert, for monitoring symptoms of Americans exposed to COVID-19. MITRE developed the free tool in collaboration with multiple national public health organizations as well as local and state health agencies.[68][69][70] In April 2020, Sara Alert launched in Arkansas and was being tested in Danbury, Connecticut as well as the Northern Mariana Islands, with data being maintained by the Association of Public Health Laboratories.[71] Sara Alert was being used in Idaho, Maine,[70] Pennsylvania, and Virginia by the end of May,[69][72] and Guam by October.[73] Since January 2021, MITRE has co-lead a coalition known as the Vaccination Credential Initiative (VCI), which is composed of over 300 technology and healthcare organizations developing a technical standard for verifying vaccination and other clinical information.[74][75]

Corporate governance

edit

Leadership

edit

Clair William Halligan, an electrical engineer, served as MITRE's first president until 1966, when he became chairman of the company's executive committee. He retired in 1968. John L. McLucas succeeded Halligan as president.[10][76] Robert Everett served as president from 1969 to 1986.[77] Subsequent holders of the president and chief executive officer (CEO) role included Charles S. Zraket (1986–1990),[14][78] Barry Horowitz (1990–1996),[7] Victor A. DeMarines (1996–2000),[79] Martin C. Faga (2000–2006),[80] Alfred Grasso (2006–2017),[81][82] and Jason Providakes (2017–2024).[83][84] Mark Peters became the current president and CEO in 2024.[85]

Jay Schnitzer serves as chief technology officer and chief medical officer. He is leading a national effort to combat COVID-19 on behalf of MITRE and 50 partner companies, health care providers, and researchers, as of March 2020.[86] MITRE named Charles Clancy its first chief futurist in 2020 and restructured to create MITRE Labs.[87][88]

Current trustees include Rodney E. Slater (chairman), Sue Gordon (vice chair),[89] Lance Collins, Maury W. Bradsher, Yvette Meléndez, George Halvorson, Paul G. Kaminski, Adalio T. Sanchez, Cathy Minehan, John H. Noseworthy, and Jan E. Tighe.

Partnerships

edit

The Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology, and MITRE partnered on the 'mCODE Initiative' to recommend data standards for cancer patients' electronic health records.[90][91] MITRE supports the Homeland Security Experts Group, which has been described as "an independent, nonpartisan group of homeland security and counterterrorism experts that educates the public and government leaders, including the secretary of homeland security".[92]

MITRE became a founding member of the Space Information Sharing and Analysis Center, a cybersecurity project for the space industry, in 2019.[93][94] MITRE and partners such as Harvard Innovation Labs and MassChallenge launched Bridging Innovation in 2020 to connect government agencies and startup companies.[95] MITRE is a member of the COVID-19 Healthcare Coalition, which is co-chaired by Jay Schnitzer. In June 2020, the coalition launched the COVID-19 Decision Support Dashboard, which uses public data to assess transmission trends and display color-coded indicators based on performance by jurisdiction.[96] MITRE is also part of the Fight Is In Us coalition, a collaborative effort between advocates, companies, and government officials to promote plasma donation for patient treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic.[97]

Challenges

edit

MITRE's Countering Unmanned Aircraft Systems Challenge in 2016 invited applicants to "demonstrate systems that detect and stop drones weighing less than five pounds that present a safety or security risk".[98] The company's Unique Identification of Internet of Things (IoT) Devices Challenge tasked applicants with improving security for connected devices.[99] In 2020, MITRE participated in the National Institute of Standards and Technology's Too Close for Too Long Challenge to "help evaluate and potentially improve upon that baseline Bluetooth performance for helping detect when smartphone users are standing too close to one another".[100]

Locations

edit

In addition to the headquarter campuses in Bedford and McLean, MITRE has more than 60 other locations throughout the United States and around the world.[101] In New Jersey, two offices house approximately 60 employees, as of September 2020.[102] Up to 70 percent of employees may continue working remotely, even after restrictions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic have been lifted.[103]

MITRE's data center in Bedford, originally built during the 1980s and known as the High Performance Computing Center since 2015, was retrofitted with a refrigerant-based cooling system, resulting in lower operating costs and a higher compute capacity.[3][104] In 2023, a large underground marine equipment testing tank opened on the Bedford campus.[105] The company's McLean campus houses the Integrated Demonstration and Experimentation for Aeronautics (IDEA) Lab,[37] as well as the Mobile Autonomous Systems Experimentation lab, which focuses on self-driving cars.[106] MITRE's laboratory in Singapore, called Mitre Asia Pacific Singapore (MAPS) assesses and displays "various safety and air traffic concepts in preparation for the future".[41]

Recognition

edit

In June 2008, MITRE was presented with the Secretary of Defense Medal for Outstanding Public Service for "significant contributions in communications, command and control decision-making, intelligence, cyberspace, and warfighter field support, as well as research and development".[107]

References

edit
  1. ^ a b "MITRE 2022 Impact Report". The Mitre Corporation. 2023. Archived from the original on 2023-11-01. Retrieved 2023-11-09.
  2. ^ a b Gutierrez, Peter (December 3, 2018). "Chris Hegarty – Never a Dull Moment". Inside GNSS. ISSN 1559-503X. Archived from the original on July 26, 2021. Retrieved October 26, 2020.
  3. ^ a b Harvey, Cynthia (August 2, 2017). "MITRE Data Center Retrofit Is a Model of Efficiency". Network Computing. Archived from the original on May 20, 2021. Retrieved October 27, 2020.
  4. ^ Kalb, Gene (17 November 2022). "What Do They Do There Anyway – MITRE". The Bedford Citizen. Archived from the original on 22 April 2023. Retrieved 22 April 2023.
  5. ^ "What does MITRE stand for?". Abbreviations. Archived from the original on 2023-04-22. Retrieved 2023-04-22.
  6. ^ a b c Lake, Sydney (September 22, 2020). "Mitre lands $463M Air Force contract". Virginia Business Magazine. Archived from the original on January 20, 2021. Retrieved October 7, 2020.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g Day, Kathleen (February 23, 1996). "The Think Tank That Went Out for a Spin". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on June 24, 2022. Retrieved October 13, 2020.
  8. ^ Light, Jennifer S. (September 19, 2005). From Warfare to Welfare: Defense Intellectuals and Urban Problems in Cold War America. JHU Press. p. 218. ISBN 9780801882739. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved October 8, 2020.
  9. ^ Redmond, Kent C.; Smith, Thomas M. (2000). From Whirlwind to MITRE: The R&D Story of The SAGE Air Defense Computer. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. ISBN 0-262-18201-7.
  10. ^ a b c Leavitt, William (July 1967). "MITRE: USAF's 'Think-Tank' Partner for Space-Age Command and Control". Air Force Magazine. 50. Air Force Association: 59. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved October 8, 2020.
  11. ^ Sawers, Paul (July 10, 2015). "The first .org domain was registered 30 years ago today". VentureBeat. Archived from the original on October 27, 2020. Retrieved December 3, 2020.
  12. ^ Clabaugh, Jeff (July 10, 2015). "This McLean nonprofit was the first to use the .org domain, which turns 30 today". Washington Business Journal. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved December 3, 2020.
  13. ^ Stoll, Clifford (1989-09-26). The Cuckoo's Egg: Tracking a Spy Through the Maze of Computer Espionage. Doubleday. ISBN 978-0-385-24946-1.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g Sugawara, Sandra (August 20, 1989). "The Mighty Voice of MITRE". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 28, 2021. Retrieved October 8, 2020.
  15. ^ Wilkers, Ross (July 14, 2020). "MITRE stands up new R&D org". Washington Technology. Archived from the original on November 25, 2020. Retrieved October 26, 2020.
  16. ^ Cordell, Carten (November 19, 2019). "Mitre taps corporate partners to start up foundation focused on cyber defense". Washington Business Journal. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved October 27, 2020.
  17. ^ a b c Cimpanu, Catalin (September 15, 2020). "MITRE releases emulation plan for FIN6 hacking group, more to follow". ZDNet. Archived from the original on September 27, 2020. Retrieved October 7, 2020.
  18. ^ "Cybrary and MITRE announce MAD (MITRE ATT&CK Defender)". Security. April 1, 2021. Archived from the original on May 20, 2021. Retrieved May 13, 2021.
  19. ^ a b c d "Master Government List of Federally Funded R&D Centers". National Science Foundation. Archived from the original on December 17, 2020. Retrieved December 3, 2020.
  20. ^ "A Review of the Federal Aviation Administration's Research, Engineering, and Development Program". United States Department of Transportation. Archived from the original on October 16, 2020. Retrieved December 3, 2020.
  21. ^ "IRS/VA FFRDC Co-Sponsorship". Federal Register. Office of the Federal Register. April 16, 2008. Archived from the original on May 20, 2021. Retrieved December 3, 2020.
  22. ^ Starks, Tim (December 2, 2019). "Inside Microsoft's effort to secure the vote". Politico. Archived from the original on November 27, 2020. Retrieved October 26, 2020.
  23. ^ "Homeland Security Systems Engineering and Development Institute". United States Department of Homeland Security. Archived from the original on December 4, 2020. Retrieved December 3, 2020.
  24. ^ Weigelt, Matthew (September 22, 2014). "MITRE to support NIST with cybersecurity FFRDC". Washington Technology. Archived from the original on November 8, 2022. Retrieved October 26, 2022.
  25. ^ "Pentagon's Advisory Group, JASON, Survives Another Competition". Bloomberg Government. December 2020. Archived from the original on 2022-05-21. Retrieved 2022-05-02.
  26. ^ Lake, Sydney (September 23, 2020). "Mitre launches data-driven policy center". Virginia Business. Archived from the original on January 20, 2021. Retrieved October 27, 2020.
  27. ^ Lake, Sydney (June 22, 2020). "MITRE names five to new advisory board". Virginia Business. Archived from the original on November 22, 2020. Retrieved October 26, 2020.
  28. ^ Ballard, Mark (June 13, 2014). "Drone kill communications net illustrated". Computer Weekly. Archived from the original on November 11, 2020. Retrieved October 31, 2020.
  29. ^ Nakashima, Elle (August 13, 2018). "Pentagon is rethinking its multibillion-dollar relationship with U.S. defense contractors to boost supply chain security". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on February 15, 2021. Retrieved October 29, 2020.
  30. ^ Erwin, Sandra (February 14, 2019). "Report: Updating the military's nuclear communications systems a complex and expensive challenge". SpaceNews. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved October 30, 2020.
  31. ^ Cohen, Rachel S. (August 7, 2019). "MITRE: Air Force Needs New Aircraft, Basing Ideas to Win in Pacific". Air Force Magazine. Archived from the original on October 26, 2020. Retrieved October 30, 2020.
  32. ^ Ogrysko, Nicole (May 15, 2019). "VA hires IT systems integrator to meet new Forever GI bill implementation deadline". Federal News Network. Archived from the original on November 7, 2020. Retrieved November 1, 2020.
  33. ^ Ogrysko, Nicole (September 16, 2020). "VA's latest IT project? A digital GI bill transformation". Federal News Network. Archived from the original on October 30, 2020. Retrieved November 1, 2020.
  34. ^ Wolfe, Frank (February 14, 2020). "Pentagon Seeks Ramp Up in 5G Investment, What Does it Mean for Military Avionics?". Aviation Today. Archived from the original on November 29, 2020. Retrieved October 30, 2020.
  35. ^ Rao, B.R.; Solomon, M.N.; Rhines, M.D.; Teig, L.J.; Davis, R.J.; Rosario, E.N. (1998). "Research on GPS antennas at Mitre". IEEE 1998 Position Location and Navigation Symposium (Cat. No.98CH36153). IEEE Xplore (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers). pp. 634–641. doi:10.1109/PLANS.1998.670225. ISBN 0-7803-4330-1. S2CID 110733960. Archived from the original on May 20, 2021. Retrieved October 26, 2020.
  36. ^ "Way, Way Out in Front – Navigation Technology Satellite-3: The Vanguard for Space-Based PNT". Inside GNSS. July 28, 2020. Archived from the original on October 25, 2020. Retrieved October 26, 2020.
  37. ^ a b Kelvey, Jon (February 2018). "Air Traffic Control Enters the 21st Century". Air & Space/Smithsonian. Archived from the original on October 30, 2020. Retrieved October 26, 2020.
  38. ^ Wolfe, Frank (December 11, 2019). "MITRE Aviation Lab Looking At What National Airspace System Will Look Like in 2035". Aviation Today. Archived from the original on October 31, 2020. Retrieved October 29, 2020.
  39. ^ Lynch, Kerry (May 11, 2018). "Mitre, ForeFlight to Test Mobile IFR Clearance Delivery". Aviation International News. Archived from the original on May 20, 2021. Retrieved October 31, 2020.
  40. ^ Bellamy III, Woodrow (August 27, 2019). "Can This Application Streamline Airline and GA Departure Flows at Airports?". Aviation Today. Archived from the original on October 30, 2020. Retrieved October 31, 2020.
  41. ^ a b Lynch, Kerry (February 9, 2020). "Mitre, Singapore Plan for Future Capacity, Safety". Aviation International News. Archived from the original on May 20, 2021. Retrieved October 31, 2020.
  42. ^ Sregantan, Navin (February 6, 2018). "Singapore Airshow 2018: CAAS inks 3 pacts to advance air traffic management". The Straits Times. Archived from the original on October 23, 2020. Retrieved October 31, 2020.
  43. ^ Yu, Eileen (February 7, 2018). "Singapore designates area for drone tests, explores new tech for air traffic management". ZDNet. Archived from the original on October 31, 2020. Retrieved October 31, 2020.
  44. ^ Ng, Charmaine (August 15, 2019). "CAAS chief sets sights on faster airport clearance". The Straits Times. Archived from the original on August 8, 2020. Retrieved October 31, 2020.
  45. ^ Clark, Stephen (November 27, 2019). "PSLV delivers India's highest-resolution Earth observation satellite to orbit". Spaceflight Now. Archived from the original on October 23, 2020. Retrieved October 31, 2020.
  46. ^ Meyerson, Hilary (October 14, 2019). "Getting Meshbed to Space!". Spaceflight.com. Archived from the original on August 6, 2020. Retrieved October 31, 2020.
  47. ^ a b c "Mitre ATT&CK Version History". MITRE. October 31, 2023. Retrieved April 23, 2024.
  48. ^ Scroxton, Alex (October 6, 2020). "CISOs struggle to keep up with MITRE ATT&CK framework". Computer Weekly. TechTarget. ISSN 0010-4787. Archived from the original on October 7, 2020. Retrieved October 7, 2020.
  49. ^ Lemos, Robert (October 16, 2020). "Academia Adopts Mitre ATT&CK Framework". Dark Reading. Archived from the original on December 9, 2020. Retrieved December 3, 2020.
  50. ^ Rockwell, Mark (April 17, 2017). "Cyber threat info sharing made easier". GCN. Archived from the original on May 20, 2021. Retrieved October 30, 2020.
  51. ^ Leprince-Ringuet, Daphne (October 23, 2020). "AI security: This project aims to spot attacks against critical systems before they happen". ZDNet. Archived from the original on October 29, 2020. Retrieved October 30, 2020.
  52. ^ "Free tech tools for election officials". GCN. October 8, 2020. Archived from the original on October 28, 2020. Retrieved October 30, 2020.
  53. ^ Pananjady, Kasturi (September 28, 2020). "Monitoring for false voting info new job for CT secretary of state". Connecticut Post. Archived from the original on October 30, 2020. Retrieved October 30, 2020.
  54. ^ Levinson, Charles (February 7, 2020). "This app wants to be the one that curbs election chaos". Protocol. Archived from the original on September 27, 2020. Retrieved October 30, 2020.
  55. ^ Morgan, Lisa (March 2, 2020). "Focused on application vulnerabilities? You're missing the bigger picture". SD Times. Archived from the original on October 22, 2020. Retrieved November 1, 2020.
  56. ^ Osborne, Charlie (September 18, 2019). "These software vulnerabilities top MITRE's most dangerous list". ZDNet. Archived from the original on November 26, 2020. Retrieved November 1, 2020.
  57. ^ Davies, Paul J. (December 18, 2018). "A New Way to Spot the Next Financial Crisis". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on October 31, 2020. Retrieved October 29, 2020.
  58. ^ Boyd, Aaron (October 29, 2018). "Public Input on 'Cloud Smart' Policy Starts With a Basic Question: What Is Cloud?". Nextgov. Archived from the original on December 30, 2020. Retrieved December 3, 2020.
  59. ^ Russell, Lia (January 31, 2020). "Fighting bots and comment spam". Federal Computer Week. Archived from the original on October 29, 2020. Retrieved December 3, 2020.
  60. ^ Kanowitz, Stephanie (June 26, 2020). "How a gentle nudge can impact government programs". GCN. Archived from the original on December 3, 2020. Retrieved December 3, 2020.
  61. ^ "Paraquat". High Times. 1 (91). 1983.
  62. ^ a b Cohen, Jessica Kim (February 14, 2019). "Google, Mitre Corp. to bring 'synthetic' patient data to developers". Becker's Hospital Review. Archived from the original on October 27, 2020. Retrieved October 31, 2020.
  63. ^ Gershman, Jacob (September 10, 2020). "Health Data After COVID-19: More Laws, Less Privacy". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on October 31, 2020. Retrieved October 31, 2020.
  64. ^ Bartlett, Jessica (March 20, 2020). "State asks hospitals not to release coronavirus testing totals". Boston Business Journal. American City Business Journals. Archived from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved October 27, 2020.
  65. ^ Cohan, Alexi (March 20, 2020). "Coronavirus cases doubling faster in the U.S. than any other country, report says". Boston Herald. Archived from the original on October 24, 2020. Retrieved October 27, 2020.
  66. ^ Mathews, Anna Wilde (August 21, 2020). "Covid-19 Crisis in Nursing Homes Requires Aggressive Federal Response, Panel Says". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on November 14, 2020. Retrieved October 27, 2020.
  67. ^ Mathews, Anna Wilde (September 16, 2020). "Covid-19 Response in Nursing Homes Faulted by Federal Panel". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on November 2, 2020. Retrieved October 27, 2020.
  68. ^ Tozzi, John (April 22, 2020). "They've Got Phones, Clipboards and Virus Cases. What Do They Need? Software". Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on May 20, 2021. Retrieved December 3, 2020.
  69. ^ a b Morrison, Sara (May 20, 2020). "Apple and Google roll out their new exposure notification tool. Interest seems limited". Vox. Vox Media. Archived from the original on November 1, 2020. Retrieved October 27, 2020.
  70. ^ a b "Maine Expands Contact Tracing to Limit the Spread of COVID-19". WAGM-TV. May 26, 2020. Archived from the original on June 6, 2020. Retrieved October 27, 2020.
  71. ^ Waddell, Kaveh (April 24, 2020). "Tracking Everyone With Coronavirus Is a Huge Task. These Systems Could Help". Consumer Reports. Archived from the original on October 25, 2020. Retrieved October 27, 2020.
  72. ^ Williams, Elliot C.; Gathright, Jenny; Cheslow, Daniella (August 11, 2020). "As Contact Tracing Ramps Up In The D.C. Region, What Have We Learned So Far?". WAMU. Archived from the original on August 19, 2020. Retrieved October 27, 2020.
  73. ^ "Public Health launches Sara Alert to limit the spread of COVID-19. What we know". Pacific Daily News. October 2, 2020. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved October 27, 2020.
  74. ^ Mishra, Manas; Khandekar, Amruta (January 14, 2021). "Microsoft, Cigna form coalition for digital records of COVID-19 vaccination". Reuters. Archived from the original on February 26, 2021. Retrieved March 22, 2021.
  75. ^ Reader, Ruth (January 14, 2021). "Tech giants want to help you prove you've been vaccinated for COVID-19". Fast Company. Archived from the original on March 2, 2021. Retrieved March 22, 2021.
  76. ^ "Clair Halligan, 72, Dew Line Engineer". The New York Times. May 4, 1975. Archived from the original on May 20, 2021. Retrieved October 8, 2020.
  77. ^ "Robert Everett". Computer History Museum. Archived from the original on May 20, 2021. Retrieved October 8, 2020.
  78. ^ Dinneen, Gerald P.; Everett, Robert R. (2002). Memorial Tributes: Volume 10: Charles A. Zraket. National Academies Press (National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine). doi:10.17226/10403. ISBN 978-0-309-08457-4. Archived from the original on October 29, 2020. Retrieved October 8, 2020.
  79. ^ "Schedule 14A: Verint Systems Inc". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. December 10, 2010. Archived from the original on May 20, 2021. Retrieved October 13, 2020.
  80. ^ "Martin C. Faga". United States Air Force. Archived from the original on January 27, 2021. Retrieved October 13, 2020.
  81. ^ Ritchey, Diane (October 1, 2016). "Working in the Public Interest". Security. Archived from the original on October 24, 2020. Retrieved October 13, 2020.
  82. ^ "Form 8-K: NetScout Systems, Inc". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. April 23, 2018. Archived from the original on May 20, 2021. Retrieved October 13, 2020.
  83. ^ Dawson, Chris. "Alumni profile: Jason Providakes, Ph.D. '85". Cornell University College of Engineering. Archived from the original on February 23, 2021. Retrieved October 13, 2020.
  84. ^ "In the spotlight: Jason Providakes: President and CEO, Mitre Corp". Washington Business Journal. American City Business Journals. April 28, 2017. Archived from the original on September 1, 2022. Retrieved October 13, 2020.
  85. ^ "Mitre hires Battelle vet as chief executive". Washington Technology. 2024-06-27. Retrieved 2024-09-04.
  86. ^ Cordell, Carten (Mar 24, 2020). "Mitre exec discusses 'national private sector effort' to track and stop the coronavirus". Washington Business Journal. Archived from the original on August 14, 2020. Retrieved October 7, 2020.
  87. ^ Degges, Ireland (July 21, 2020). "MITRE Announces MITRE Labs, Changes to Leadership". WashingtonExec. Archived from the original on March 1, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
  88. ^ "People on the Move: Charles Clancy". Washington Business Journal. August 24, 2020. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved January 13, 2021.
  89. ^ Edwards, Jane (2023-10-27). "Rodney Slater, Sue Gordon Take Leadership Roles at Mitre Board of Trustees". GovConWire. Tysons Corner, Va. Archived from the original on 2023-11-09. Retrieved 2023-10-31.
  90. ^ Anderson, Brian; Quina, Andre; Schnitzer, Jay (August 2019). "Smarter, Accessible Data Means Learning from Every Patient" (PDF). Journal of Precision Medicine. 5 (3). Archived (PDF) from the original on July 13, 2020. Retrieved October 27, 2020.
  91. ^ Bertagnolli, Monica M; Anderson, Brian; Quina, Andre; Piantadosi, Steven (June 2020). "The electronic health record as a clinical trials tool: Opportunities and challenges". Clinical Trials. 17 (3): 237–242. doi:10.1177/1740774520913819. PMID 32266833. S2CID 215405312. Archived from the original on May 20, 2021. Retrieved October 27, 2020.
  92. ^ Stone, Adam (January 12, 2020). "MITRE Partners with Homeland Security Experts Group". WashingtonExec. Archived from the original on October 20, 2020. Retrieved October 27, 2020.
  93. ^ Holmes, Mark (August 27, 2019). "MITRE Joins Space ISAC Cybersecurity Initiative". Satellite Today. Archived from the original on August 8, 2020. Retrieved October 29, 2020.
  94. ^ Erwin, Sandra (January 23, 2020). "Space industry group focused on cybersecurity to begin operations in spring 2020". SpaceNews. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved October 30, 2020.
  95. ^ Walrath, Rowan. "Meet MITRE, the Nonprofit Bridging Startups and Government". BostInno. Archived from the original on February 19, 2023. Retrieved October 27, 2020.
  96. ^ "COVID dashboard helps state and local leaders plan for reopening". GCN. June 2, 2020. Archived from the original on December 2, 2020. Retrieved October 30, 2020.
  97. ^ Thomas, Katie; Weiland, Noah (April 17, 2021). "The Covid-19 Plasma Boom Is Over. What Did We Learn From It?". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 19, 2021. Retrieved April 21, 2021.
  98. ^ Carey, Bill (September 14, 2016). "Mitre Names Winners of Counter-Drone System Challenge". Aviation International News. Archived from the original on May 20, 2021. Retrieved November 1, 2020.
  99. ^ Osborne, Charlie (October 11, 2016). "MITRE will give you $50,000 to 'fingerprint' rogue, dangerous IoT devices". ZDNet. Archived from the original on November 8, 2020. Retrieved November 1, 2020.
  100. ^ Hsu, Jeremy (September 8, 2020). "Can AI Make Bluetooth Contact Tracing Better?". IEEE Spectrum. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Archived from the original on September 23, 2020. Retrieved October 26, 2020.
  101. ^ Terry, Robert J. (January 26, 2018). "Mitre plots massive expansion of Tysons campus". Washington Business Journal. Archived from the original on October 29, 2020. Retrieved December 1, 2020. In its 2016 annual report, Mitre reported $1.5 billion in revenue, a 4 percent increase from the year before, and a global staff of 8,205 in 60 sites.
  102. ^ "N.J. Top Workplaces: Ranking reveals the 40 employers who took home top honors". NJ.com. Advance Publications. September 20, 2020. Archived from the original on October 28, 2020. Retrieved October 27, 2020.
  103. ^ Howe, Jeff (April 2021). "Telecommuting will make Boston share the wealth". The Boston Globe. Archived from the original on April 19, 2021. Retrieved April 20, 2021.
  104. ^ "A Lesson in Physics and Engineering for Data Center Efficiency". InformationWeek. Archived from the original on October 26, 2020. Retrieved October 27, 2020.
  105. ^ "How a big underground tank in Bedford could help boost state's 'bluetech' economy". The Boston Globe. Archived from the original on 2023-10-22. Retrieved 2023-10-21.
  106. ^ Mintz, Sam (January 24, 2020). "Trucking industry to Congress: Don't use us to pay for surface bill". Politico. Archived from the original on October 18, 2020. Retrieved October 31, 2020.
  107. ^ "MITRE Presented with Secretary of Defense Medal for Outstanding Public Service". bnet. Business Wire. 2008-07-12. Retrieved 2009-04-15.
edit
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mitre_Corporation&oldid=1255793916#Vaccination_Credential_Initiative"