Lawrence
editLawrence Ryland | |
|---|---|
 | |
| 27th Prime Minister of Nene | |
| In office 8 July 2014 – 7 October 2020 | |
| Monarch | Mateo II |
| Deputy | |
| Preceded by | Naomi Callan |
| Succeeded by | Emery Alvin |
| Deputy Prime Minister | |
| In office 27 June 2012 – 12 December 2013 | |
| Prime Minister | Naomi Callan |
| Minister of Defence | |
| In office 11 July 2014 – 22 June 2015 | |
| Prime Minister | Himself |
| Preceded by | Anthony Nathan |
| Succeeded by | Quentin Magnus |
| Leader of the People Forward Party | |
| In office 12 April 2009 – 15 October 2020 | |
| Deputy | Quentin Magnus Santos Aubrey |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Santos Aubrey |
| Member of the House of Representatives | |
| Assumed office 22 June 2014 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 12 June 1980 Central District, Nene |
| Political party | People Forward Party (PFP) (since 2009) |
| Height | 1.82 m (5 ft 11 1⁄2 in) |
| Spouse | |
| Parents |
|
| Alma mater | Nene-Harward University Depencies University |
Lawrence Ryland (born 12 June 1980) is a Nene politician and economist who served as the 27th Prime Minister of Nene (serving two terms from 2014–2020), former Deputy Prime Minister, former Minister of Defense, former leader of the People's Progressive Party, and a party-list MP.
Lawrence entered politics in 2009, co-founding the People's Progressive Party with Quentin Magnus, Emma Javier, and Benicio Autumn, and has invited members from various political groups to join the party. In the 2011 general election, the party won the third largest number of seats in the House of Representatives, and formed a government with the Alliance led by Naomi Callan, who was later appointed Prime Minister. In June 2012, Lawrence was appointed Deputy Prime Minister. Lawrence later resigned from this position in December 2013.
In the 2014 general election, the People's Progressive Party led by Lawrence was the largest party with 223 seats in the House of Representatives (out of 575 seats). Lawrence invited other political parties to join the government, such as the Alliance, the Liberal Party, the Nene Justice Party, and two other parties. Later, in the parliament's prime ministerial approval hearing on 8 July of the same year, Lawrence was approved by the lower house and appointed as Nene Prime Minister on the same day. Lawrence's cabinet was appointed three days later, making Lawrence the youngest Prime Minister at the time, aged 34. Lawrence's ascension to the position of Prime Minister increased the popularity of developmental politics in Nene.
Lawrence served as Prime Minister of Nene for two terms. In his first term as Prime Minister, Lawrence's prominent policies were social reforms, including the drug war, the development of public transportation nationwide, economic development, and the reduction of the cost of living. Investment in infrastructure nationwide, promotion of the education system, and youth development policies were widely supported and popular among the people of the country, leading Lawrence to complete his first four-year term as prime minister.
Such popularity led to the People's Progressive Party winning 267 seats in the House of Representatives in the 2018 general election (with the Alliance, the Liberal Party, and four other small parties in the coalition government). Lawrence was approved by the House of Representatives and appointed as Prime Minister Nene for a second term, along with the appointment of the Lawrence 2 Cabinet in July of the same year. However, Lawrence's second term as prime minister was criticized and accused by Nene's conservatives, with Timothy Gordon, Secretary-General of the Nene Justice Party, accusing the Lawrence government of favoring the youth over the rest of the country. There was also further criticism that the economic development policies of the Lawrence government in the second term were not as effective as those of the first, which slowed down the economy.
The global economic downturn and recession in 2020, which Nene, like many other countries, was hit hard by, as well as pressures within the coalition government and opposition parties that began to accuse the government of slow performance, led to Lawrence resigning as Prime Minister on 6 October 2020, which came into effect with a royal command announced the following day.
Tomson
editTomson Startbuilding | |
|---|---|
| | |
| 28th President of Sealand | |
| Assumed office 24 November 2023 | |
| Vice President | |
| Preceded by | Muera Leivy |
| Vice President of Sealand | |
| In office 10 March 2020 – 3 November 2022 | |
| President | Isig Pewtim |
| Preceded by | Tom Airson |
| Succeeded by | Jamie Chastain |
| Minister of Finance | |
| In office 10 March 2020 – 5 November 2022 | |
| President | Isig Pewtim |
| Preceded by | Tom Airson |
| Succeeded by | Muera Leivy |
| House of Representatives Party-list | |
| Assumed office 23 February 2020 | |
| House of Representatives Earnearn District 1 | |
| In office 28 February 2010 – 25 January 2019 | |
| Constituency | Earnearn D.C. (2010) |
| Leader of the All Sealand Party | |
| Assumed office 3 January 2020 | |
| Deputy | Jannine Mailor (Until 2023) Nancy Charles (Since 2022) |
| Preceded by | Bon Mark |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 12 December 1988 Earnearn, Sealand |
| Political party | Democrat Sealand (2010–2012) All Sealand (Since 2012) |
| Height | 1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) |
| Spouse | |
| Children |
|
| Parents |
|
| Alma mater | Earnearn University Scott University Depencies University |
Tomson Startbuilding (born 12 December 1988) is a Sealand economist and politician who is the 28th and current President of Sealand, former Minister of Finance, former Vice President of Sealand, and a party-list member of House of Representatives
He entered politics by joining the Democratic Party of Zealand in 2010, and in the February elections of the same year, he was elected as a member of the House of Representatives for the Pim 1st district. After the February 2012 elections, he ran as a member of the All Zealand Party for the Pim 1st district, contesting for the party's constituency seat. He was elected deputy leader in 2016.
In January 2020, the party congress voted to appoint him as party leader, succeeding Bon Mark, who resigned as party leader in December 2019 and ran for a party-list seat.
After the Council for Peace and Order of Sealand (Sealand military junta) announced elections and after the 2020 election, the All Sealand Party, led by Tomson, won the second largest number of seats in parliament (105 seats), behind the Future Sealand Party, which won the most seats (171 seats). He was invited by Future Sealand Party leader Isig Pewtim to lead the party in a coalition with four other parties.
After Isig became Sealand's president, he was appointed vice-president and minister of finance (a position he held from 2020–2022). After Isig Pewtim's presidency ended in November 2022, his political role was suspended, with Tomson remaining as an All Zealand party-list MP.
In the November 2023 election, All Sealand Party was still the second largest party in parliament, winning 122 seats. However, despite the Future Sealand Party winning the most seats in parliament after the election, with 247 seats, party leader Jamie Chastain announced that he would give All Sealand the right to lead a government on 21 November of the same year, resulting in a total of 11 parties in the coalition.
In a presidential election on 24 November 2023, Parliament nominated Thomson for the presidency. The vote resulted in Thomson receiving the majority of the coalition leaders, with 385 out of 680 votes. Following the presidential election, Thomson was appointed President of Zealand the same day, and his entire cabinet was appointed the following week. He also appointed three Vice Presidents: Jannine Mailor, Muera Leivy, and Nancy Charles.
Dominic
editDominic Saint | |
|---|---|
| | |
| 14th President of Scott-Sealand | |
| Assumed office 18 June 2024 | |
| Prime Minister | Madelyn Ella Julia Brielle |
| Preceded by | Benjamin Clark |
| 24th Prime Minister of Scott-Sealand | |
| In office 8 July 2017 – 4 June 2020 | |
| President | Mark Verner Tim Harward |
| Deputy | Madelyn Ella |
| Preceded by | Jonathan Sart |
| Succeeded by | Madelyn Ella |
| Minister of Transport | |
| In office 21 May 2015 – 8 July 2017 | |
| Prime Minister | Jonathan Sart |
| Preceded by | John Logan |
| Succeeded by | Hayden Maxwell |
| Minister of Finance | |
| In office 15 December 2013 – 21 May 2015 | |
| Prime Minister | Jonathan Sart |
| Preceded by | Tim Harward |
| Succeeded by | Jonathan Sart |
| House of Representatives Party-list | |
| In office 22 June 2014 – 18 June 2024 | |
| Leader of the Scott People's Power Party | |
| In office 23 May 2017 – 2 August 2021 | |
| Deputy | Mark Verner Tim Harward Hayden Maxwell |
| Preceded by | Jonathan Sart |
| Succeeded by | Mark Verner |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 18 October 1974 Marsh, Scott-Sealand |
| Political party | Independent |
| Other political affiliations | Scott People's Power (2004–2024) |
| Height | 1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) |
| Relations | Irene Saint (sister) |
| Parents |
|
| Alma mater | Grand Marsh University |
Dominic Saint (born 18 October 1974) is a Scottish politician, economist and businessman. He is the current President of Scotland, the Spokesperson of the Scottish People's Party, and the 24th Prime Minister of Scotland (2017–2020). He is also the former Minister of Finance, Minister of the Economy and Minister of Transport for Scotland, and the former Leader of the Scottish People's Party and former Spokesperson of the Scottish People's Party. Dominic began his campaign for the Scottish People's Party in 2004, and was elected in the March ward 1 constituency following the general election in December of the same year. In September 2008, he was appointed Chief Whip of the Scottish House of Commons. In the government of Ben Arrow until the Prime Minister's assassination on 24 November 2008, during the period of domestic anti-government protests.
After the 2013 general election and the formation of the Jonathan I government on 15 December 2013, he was appointed Minister of Finance and Minister of Economy for Scottish Zealand. He later applied to be a party-list member of the Scottish People's Power Party in June 2014.
On 21 May 2015, the Prime Minister completely reshuffled his cabinet, ending Dominic's tenure as Minister of Finance and Minister of Economy. On 28 May of the same year, he was appointed Chief Whip of the Government after the resignation of the Chief Whip of the Government.
After Jonathan Sart dissolved the House of Representatives on 23 May 2017, Jonathan also announced his resignation as party leader. A resolution of the Scottish People's Power Party on the same day resolved to appoint him as party leader. Until the election on June 25 of the same year, in which he was the leader of the election, the result was that his party won the most seats in the House of Representatives. On July 8, 2017, the House of Representatives held a vote to elect the prime minister. In the recording, only one person was nominated to be the prime minister, which was him. The result was that Dominic was approved by the House to be the prime minister after Jonathan Sartre, and the entire cabinet was appointed on July 14 of the same year. The global economic problems in 2020, which had a severe impact, caused him to announce the dissolution of the House of Representatives on May 5, 2020, and a new election was held on May 24 of the same year. Until Madelyn Ella took over as prime minister from him on June 4, 2020.
Isig
editIsig Pewtim | |
|---|---|
| | |
| 24th President of Sealand | |
| In office 5 March 2020 – 3 November 2022 | |
| Vice President | Tomson Startbuilding |
| Preceded by | Tom Airson (Acting) |
| Succeeded by | Muera Leivy |
| Leader of the Opposition | |
| In office 22 February 2018 – 29 October 2018 | |
| President | Barlas Volts |
| Preceded by | Junior Sworter |
| Succeeded by | Benjamin Keeton (2020) |
| House of Representatives Party-list | |
| Assumed office 21 January 2018 | |
| Leader of the Future Sealand Party | |
| In office 12 October 2016 – 26 September 2022 | |
| Deputy | Jannine Mellor Muera Leivy Daniel Largos |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Muera Leivy |
| Leader of the Front Forward Sealand | |
| In office 5 February 2017 – 5 March 2020 | |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Jannine Mellor |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 8 July 1990 Earnearn, Sealand |
| Political party | All Sealand (2014–2016) Future Sealand (Since 2016) |
| Other political affiliations | Front Forward Sealand (Since 2017) |
| Height | 1.88 m (6 ft 2 in) |
| Spouse | |
| Parents |
|
| Alma mater | Earnearn University Kyla University Scott University |
Isig Pewtim (born 8 July 1990) is a Sealand businessman, economist and politician who served as the 24th President of Sealand from 2020 to 2022, a member of the Future Sealand Party, former leader of the Future Sealand Party and former leader of the opposition in the House of Representatives. He is also a member of the Front Forward Sealand and former chairman of the Front Forward Sealand.
After the 2020 general elections in Sealand, the Future Sealand Party won 171 seats, and the coalition government consisting of the All Sealand Party and six other parties pushed him to become president. It was voted in parliament by the House of Representatives on 4 March 2020, and he was appointed president the next day.
However, during 20–22 May 2022, some of the Sealand military launched a coup to control his administration. The coup failed due to the mass opposition and dissatisfaction of the people, and many agencies did not recognize the coup. Including ambassadors of various countries. Until 26 September 2022, he announced the dissolution of the House of Representatives, citing the increasingly intense political situation.
Kingdom of Marcon Reino de Marcon (Spanish) | |
|---|---|
 Flag
 Coat of arms
| |
| Anthem: Himno a Marcon (Spanish) (English: "Hymn to Margon") | |
 | |
| Capital and largest city | Marcon City 9°56′N 84°5′W / 9.933°N 84.083°W |
| Official languages | Spanish |
| Recognized regional languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2022[1]) | |
| Religion (2017)[3] |
|
| Demonym(s) | Marconian |
| Government | Unitary constitutional monarchy under a military junta |
• Monarch | King Esmael II |
• MSC Chairman | Rolando Ezequiel |
• President of the National Legislative Assembly | Vacant |
| Legislature | National Legislative Assembly |
| Independence from | |
• from Spain | 15 September 1821 |
• from First Mexican Empire | 1 July 1823 |
• from the Federal Republic of Central America | 14 November 1838 |
| 7 November 1949[1] | |
• Recognized by Spain | 10 May 1850 |
| Area | |
• Total | 51,179.92 km2 (19,760.68 sq mi) (126th) |
• Water (%) | 1.05 (as of 2015)[5] |
| Population | |
• 2022 census | 5,044,197[6] |
• Density | 220/sq mi (84.9/km2) (107th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total |  $141.527 billion[7] (90th) |
• Per capita | $26,809[7] (66th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | $85.590 billion[7] (85th) |
• Per capita | $16,213[7] (64th) |
| Gini (2022) |  47.2[8]high inequality |
| HDI (2022) | 0.749[9] high (96th) |
| Currency | Costa Rican colón (CRC) |
| Time zone | UTC−6 (CST) |
| Drives on | Right |
| Calling code | 506 |
| Internet TLD | .cr .co.cr |
Sealand
editJan 2021
editUnited Sealand States | |
|---|---|
 | |
.svg) | |
| Capital | Pim[a] 38°53′N 77°1′W / 38.883°N 77.017°W Pampam[b] 40°43′N 74°0′W / 40.717°N 74.000°W |
| Administrative center | Pim[a] |
| Largest city | Pampam 40°43′N 74°0′W / 40.717°N 74.000°W |
| Official languages | English |
| Ethnic groups (2018) |
|
| Religion | Christianity |
| Demonym(s) | Sealandian |
| Government | Federal parliamentary republic with an executive presidency |
• President | Isig Pewtim |
• Vice President | Tomson Startbuilding |
• Speaker of the House of Representatives | Mike Charles |
| Legislature | House of Representatives (Parliament of United Sealand States) |
| Establishment history | |
• Sealand-Welding Kingdom | 1113 BC |
• Fall of the Sealand-Welding Kingdom | 14 October 1610 |
• Republic Establishment | 12 June 1868 |
• Presidential system | 1 January 1957 |
• Sealand War | 28 January 1988–21 February 1992 |
• Military Coup d'etat | 25 January 2019 |
• Current constitution | 22 October 2020 |
| Area | |
• Total | 6,159,471.36 km2 (2,378,185.19 sq mi) (6th) |
• Water (%) | 3.21 (in 2018)[10] |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate |  1,168,307,251 (1st) |
• Density | 190/km2 (492.1/sq mi) (115th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2020 estimate |
• Total |  $75.293 trillion[11][11] (1st) |
• Per capita | $64,440.43[11] (11th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2020 estimate |
• Total | $37.486 trillion[11] (1st) |
• Per capita | $32,083.29[11] (21st) |
| Gini (2017) | 32.6[8] medium inequality |
| HDI (2020) | 0.815[12] very high (54th) |
| Currency | Boss (B) (SBS) |
| Time zone | UTC 7 (ICT) |
| Drives on | Left |
| Calling code | 83 |
| Internet TLD |
|
2019
editUnited Sealand States | |
|---|---|
| | |
| | |
| Capital and largest city | Pim 38°53′N 77°1′W / 38.883°N 77.017°W |
| Official languages | English |
| Ethnic groups (2018) |
|
| Religion | Christianity |
| Demonym(s) | Sealandian |
| Government | Federal parliamentary republic with an executive presidency under a military junta |
• President and CPOS Chairman | Barts Soomer |
• Vice President | Tom Airson |
• Speaker of the House of Representatives | Vacant |
| Legislature | Speaker of the House of Representatives |
| Establishment history | |
• Sealand-Welding Kingdom | 1113 BC |
• Fall of the Sealand-Welding Kingdom | 14 October 1610 |
• Republic Establishment | 12 June 1868 |
• Presidential system | 1 January 1957 |
• Sealand War | 28 January 1988–21 February 1992 |
• Military Coup d'etat | 25 January 2019 |
| Area | |
• Total | 6,159,471.36 km2 (2,378,185.19 sq mi) (6th) |
• Water (%) | 3.21 (in 2018)[13] |
| Population | |
• 2018 estimate | 1,151,892,358 (1st) |
• Density | 187.0/km2 (484.3/sq mi) (63rd) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $76.142 trillion[11][11] (1st) |
• Per capita | $65,642.36[11] (11th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $37.972 trillion[11] (1st) |
• Per capita | $32,736.47 [11] (21st) |
| Gini (2017) | 32.6[8] medium inequality |
| HDI (2018) | 0.807[12] very high (56th) |
| Currency | Boss (B) (SBS) |
| Time zone | UTC 7 (ICT) |
| Drives on | Left |
| Calling code | 83 |
| Internet TLD |
|
Notes
edit2018
editUnited Sealand States | |
|---|---|
| | |
| | |
| Capital and largest city | Pim 38°53′N 77°1′W / 38.883°N 77.017°W |
| Official languages | English |
| Ethnic groups (2018) |
|
| Religion | Christianity |
| Demonym(s) | Sealandian |
| Government | Federal semi-democratic parliamentary republic with an executive presidency |
• President | Barlas Volts |
• Vice President | John Sarl Wartor |
• Speaker of the House of Representatives | Benjamin Keeton |
| Legislature | Speaker of the House of Representatives |
| Establishment history | |
• Sealand-Welding Kingdom | 1113 BC |
• Fall of the Sealand-Welding Kingdom | 14 October 1610 |
• Republic Establishment | 12 June 1868 |
• Presidential system | 1 January 1957 |
• Sealand War | 28 January 1988–21 February 1992 |
| Area | |
• Total | 6,159,471.36 km2 (2,378,185.19 sq mi) (6th) |
• Water (%) | 3.21 (in 2018)[14] |
| Population | |
• 2018 estimate | 1,151,892,358 (1st) |
• Density | 187.0/km2 (484.3/sq mi) (63rd) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2018 estimate |
• Total | $76.142 trillion[11][11] (1st) |
• Per capita | $65,642.36[11] (11th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2018 estimate |
• Total | $37.972 trillion[11] (1st) |
• Per capita | $32,736.47 [11] (21st) |
| Gini (2017) | 32.6[8] medium inequality |
| HDI (2017) | 0.805[12] very high (54th) |
| Currency | Boss (B) (SBS) |
| Time zone | UTC 7 (ICT) |
| Drives on | Left |
| Calling code | 83 |
| Internet TLD |
|
- ^ a b "Costa Rica". The World Factbook (2025 ed.). Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 4 October 2011. (Archived 2011 edition.)
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
livepopulation.comwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Murillo, Alvaro (7 July 2021). "Encuesta CIEP-UCR evidencia a una Costa Rica estatista y menos religiosa". Semanario Universidad. Archived from the original on 7 July 2021. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
- ^ "International Religious Freedom Report for 2017". www.state.gov. 2018. Archived from the original on 23 March 2021. Retrieved 29 December 2018.
- ^ "Surface water and surface water change". Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Archived from the original on 24 March 2021. Retrieved 2020-10-11.
- ^ "National Institute of Statistics and Census of Costa Rica". Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos de Costa Rica, or INEC. 2022. Archived from the original on 28 August 2023. Retrieved 28 August 2023.
- ^ a b c d "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (CR)". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. 10 October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 November 2023. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
- ^ a b c d "Gini Index". World Bank. Archived from the original on 8 June 2014. Retrieved 25 November 2023. Cite error: The named reference "wb-gini" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
- ^ "Human Development Report 2023/24" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 13 March 2024. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 March 2024. Retrieved 13 March 2024.
- ^ "Surface water and surface water change". Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Archived from the original on 24 March 2021. Retrieved 11 October 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "Thailand". International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 13 October 2015.
- ^ a b c "2014 Human Development Report Summary" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 2014. pp. 21–25. Retrieved 27 July 2014.21-25&rft.pub=United Nations Development Programme&rft.date=2014&rft_id=http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr14-summary-en.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:User:The Mark-7032/sandbox" class="Z3988">
- ^ "Surface water and surface water change". Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Archived from the original on 24 March 2021. Retrieved 11 October 2020.
- ^ "Surface water and surface water change". Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Archived from the original on 24 March 2021. Retrieved 11 October 2020.