- ^ Spiegel, Davie (2006). "PsychiatryOnline | American Journal of Psychiatry | Recognizing Traumatic Dissociation". American Journal of Psychiatry. pp. 566–8. Retrieved 2012-07-30.566-8&rft.pub=American Journal of Psychiatry&rft.date=2006&rft.au=Spiegel, Davie&rft_id=http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/article.aspx?Volume=163&page=566&journalID=13&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:User:MathewTownsend/sandbox" class="Z3988">
- ^ Bracha HS (July 2006). "Human brain evolution and the "Neuroevolutionary Time-depth Principle:" Implications for the Reclassification of fear-circuitry-related traits in DSM-V and for studying resilience to warzone-related posttraumatic stress disorder". Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry. 30 (5): 827–53. doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2006.01.008. PMC 7130737. PMID 16563589.
The DSM-III, DSM-IV, DSM-IV-TR and ICD-10 have judiciously minimized discussion of etiologies to distance clinical psychiatry from Freudian psychoanalysis. With this goal mostly achieved, discussion of etiological factors should be reintroduced into the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-V). A research agenda for the DSM-V advocated the "development of a pathophysiologically based classification system".
827-53&rft.date=2006-07&rft_id=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7130737#id-name=PMC&rft_id=info:pmid/16563589&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2006.01.008&rft.au=Bracha HS&rft_id=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7130737&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:User:MathewTownsend/sandbox" class="Z3988">{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - ^ Giesbrecht T, Lynn SJ, Lilienfeld SO, Merckelbach H (September 2008). "Cognitive processes in dissociation: an analysis of core theoretical assumptions". Psychological Bulletin. 134 (5): 617–47. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.134.5.617. PMID 18729565. Retrieved 2012-07-31.
The authors' review indicates that dissociation is characterized by subtle deficits in neuropsychological performance (e.g., heightened distractibility). Some of the cognitive phenomena (e.g., weakened cognitive inhibition) associated with dissociation appear to be dependent on the emotional or attentional context.
617-47&rft.date=2008-09&rft_id=info:doi/10.1037/0033-2909.134.5.617&rft_id=info:pmid/18729565&rft.au=Giesbrecht T, Lynn SJ, Lilienfeld SO, Merckelbach H&rft_id=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18729565&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:User:MathewTownsend/sandbox" class="Z3988">{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Giesbrecht, T.; Lynn, S. J.; Lilienfeld, S. O.; Merckelbach, H. (Sept. 2008). "Cognitive processes in dissociation: an analysis of core theoretical assumptions". Psychol Bull. 34 (5): 617–47. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.134.5.617. PMID 18729565. Retrieved 2012-07-31.617-47&rft_id=info:doi/10.1037/0033-2909.134.5.617&rft_id=info:pmid/18729565&rft.aulast=Giesbrecht&rft.aufirst=T.&rft.au=Lynn, S. J.&rft.au=Lilienfeld, S. O.&rft.au=Merckelbach, H.&rft_id=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18729565&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:User:MathewTownsend/sandbox" class="Z3988">
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ Bremner (2010). "Cognitive processes in dissociation: comment on Giesbrecht et al. (2008)". Psychol. Bull. 136 (1): 1–6, discussion 7–11. doi:10.1037/a0018021. PMC 2835500. PMID 20063920.
The authors have outlined a series of links between various constructs--such as fantasy proneness, cognitive failures, absorption, suggestibility, altered information-processing, dissociation, and amnesia--claiming that these linkages lead to the false conclusion that trauma causes dissociation. A review of the literature, however, shows that these are not necessarily related constructs. Careful examination of their arguments reveals no basis for the conclusion that there is no association between trauma and dissociation.
1-6, discussion 7-11&rft.date=2010&rft_id=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2835500#id-name=PMC&rft_id=info:pmid/20063920&rft_id=info:doi/10.1037/a0018021&rft.au=Bremner&rft_id=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2835500&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:User:MathewTownsend/sandbox" class="Z3988"> - ^ Farrell, H. M. (2011). "Dissociative identity disorder: Medicolegal challenges". The Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law. 39 (3): 402–406. PMID 21908758.402-406&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info:pmid/21908758&rft.aulast=Farrell&rft.aufirst=H. M.&rft_id=http://www.jaapl.org/content/39/3/402.full.pdf+html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:User:MathewTownsend/sandbox" class="Z3988">
... that cognitive psychologist Eldar Shafir studies the effect of poverty on decision making, the psychology of "not having enough"?
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Hadji Ali (c. 1888–92 – November 5, 1937) was a vaudeville performance artist famous for acts of controlled regurgitation. Thought to be of Egyptian extraction, his best-known feats included water spouting, smoke swallowing and nut and handkerchief swallowing followed by disgorgement in an order chosen by the audience. Ali's most famous stunt, and the highlight of his act, was drinking copious amounts of water followed by kerosene, and then acting by turns as a human flamethrower and fire extinguisher as he expelled the two liquids onto a theatrical prop. While these stunts were performed, a panel of audience members was invited to watch the show up close to verify that no trickery was employed. Although never gaining wide fame, Ali had a dedicated following on the vaudeville circuit in the United States. He performed for heads of state including Tsar Nicholas II of Russia. (more...)