Tyrannides (New World suboscines) is a clade of passerine birds that are endemic to the Americas.[1] The group likely originated in South America during the Eocene, about 45 million years ago.[2]
| Tyrannides | |
|---|---|
| |
| Guianan cock-of-the-rock (Rupicola rupicola) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Suborder: | Tyranni |
| Infraorder: | Tyrannides |
| Families | |
|
see text | |
Taxonomy
editThe Tyrannides is divided into two clades (Furnariida and Tyrannida) that contain eleven families.[3][4] The families listed here are those recognised by the International Ornithologists' Union (IOC).[5]
- Pipridae: manakins
- Cotingidae: cotingas
- Tityridae: tityras, sharpbill, becards (includes Oxyruncus and Onychorhynchus)
- Tyrannidae: tyrant-flycatchers (includes Piprites, Platyrinchus, Tachuris and Rhynchocyclus)
- Melanopareiidae: crescent chests
- Conopophagidae: gnateaters and gnatpittas
- Thamnophilidae: antbirds
- Grallariidae: antpittas
- Rhinocryptidae: tapaculos
- Formicariidae: antthrushes
- Furnariidae: ovenbirds and woodcreepers (includes Dendrocolaptidae)
Phylogeny
editThe cladogram below showing the family level phylogenetic relationships of the Tyrannides is based on a molecular genetic study by Carl Oliveros and collaborators published in 2019.[4] The families and species numbers are from the list maintained by the International Ornithologists' Union (IOC).[5]
| Tyrannides |
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References
edit- ^ Ohlson, J.I. et al. (2013) Phylogeny and classification of the New World suboscines (Aves, Passeriformes). Zootaxa, 3613:1-35. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.3613.1.1.
- ^ Claramunt, S.; Cracraft, J. (2015). "A new time tree reveals Earth history's imprint on the evolution of modern birds". Science Advances. 1 (11): e1501005. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1501005. PMC 4730849.
- ^ Selvatti, A.P. et al. (2015) A Paleogene origin for crown passerines and the diversification of the Oscines in the New World. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 88:1-15.
- ^ a b Oliveros, C.H.; et al. (2019). "Earth history and the passerine superradiation". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 116 (16): 7916–7925. doi:10.1073/pnas.1813206116. PMC 6475423. PMID 30936315.
- ^ a b Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (2020). "Family Index". IOC World Bird List Version 10.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 24 April 2020.