Trutnov (Czech pronunciation: [ˈtrutnof]; German: Trautenau) is a town in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 30,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an urban monument zone.
Trutnov | |
|---|---|
 Krakonoš Square, the historic centre | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Trutnov Location in the Czech Republic | |
| Coordinates: 50°33′38″N 15°54′47″E / 50.56056°N 15.91306°E | |
| Country |  Czech Republic |
| Region | Hradec Králové |
| District | Trutnov |
| First mentioned | 1260 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Michal Rosa (ODS) |
| Area | |
• Total | 103.32 km2 (39.89 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 414 m (1,358 ft) |
| Population (2024-01-01)[1] | |
• Total | 29,584 |
| • Density | 290/km2 (740/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC 1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC 2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 541 01 |
| Website | www |
Administrative parts
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Trutnov is made up of the town parts of Dolní Předměstí, Dolní Staré Město, Horní Předměstí, Horní Staré Město, Kryblice, Střední Předměstí and Vnitřní Město, and the villages of Adamov, Babí, Bohuslavice, Bojiště, Lhota, Libeč, Nový Rokytník, Oblanov, Poříčí, Starý Rokytník, Střítež, Studenec, Volanov and Voletiny.
Etymology
editBoth the German name Trautenau and the Czech name Trutnov are derived from the Old German truten ouwe, which meant "cute floodplain".[2]
Geography
editTrutnov is located about 39 km (24 mi) north of Hradec Králové. A negligible part of the municipal territory borders Poland. Most of the territory lies in the Giant Mountains Foothills, but it also extends to the Broumov Highlands on the east and a small northern part extends into the Giant Mountains. The highest point is a contour line on the slopes of the Dvorský les Mountain at 965 m (3,166 ft) above sea level. The town proper is situated in the valley of the Úpa River.
History
editThe first written mention of Trutnov is from 1260. It was founded around 1250 by the Švábenský of Švábenice noble family and originally named Úpa after the eponymous river. In 1301, King Wenceslaus II bought the whole area, already called Trutnov. From 1400 to 1599, Trutnov was a dowry town of the Bohemian queens. In 1421, the town was captured by Jan Žižka during the Hussite Wars.[3]
Trutnov was the site of the Battle of Trautenau in 1866 during the Austro-Prussian War.
During the World War II, the German occupiers operated three forced labour camps for Jewish women, located in Horní Staré Město, Poříčí and Libeč, which all became subcamps of the Gross-Rosen concentration camp in March 1944,[4] and a forced labour subcamp of the Stalag VIII-B/344 prisoner-of-war camp for Allied POWs in Libeč.[5] After the war, the remaining German population was expelled in 1945 in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement.
Demographics
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Economy
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The largest employers based in the town are Vitesco Technologies Czech Republic and Tyco Electronics EC Trutnov, both manufacturers of electrical equipment for automotive industry with more than 1,000 employees. The largest non-industrial employer is the Trutnov hospital.[8]
The Krakonoš Brewery was founded in 1582 and is one of the oldest breweries in the country.[9]
Transport
editTrutnov is the terminus of an interregional railway line from Prague. There are also railway lines heading from Trutnov to Kolín and Vrchlabí.[10]
Sport
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The ice hockey team HC Trutnov is based in the town.
There is a slalom course on the Úpa river in Trutnov. The Trutnovské slalomy competition is held here every year since 1965.[11]
Culture
editTrutnov has hosted the Trutnov Open Air Music Festival since 1990 and, since 1999, has hosted Obscene Extreme.
Sights
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The historic core comprises the area of Vnitřní Město part of Trutnov, with Krakonoš Square (Krakonošovo náměstí) in its centre. The area was delimited by town walls in the 14th century. Their fragments are preserved to this day. The landmark of the square is the neo-Gothic Old Town Hall, nowadays the tourist information centre. In the middle of the square are a statue of Joseph II, a stone fountain with statue of Krakonoš, and the baroque Holy Trinity Column from 1704.[12]
The most valuable buildings of Trutnov are the three churches. Church of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary is a Neoclassical building with late Baroque elements from 1756–1782. The Church of Saint Wenceslaus in Horní Staré Město part of Trutnov is first documented already in 1313. In 1581, it was rebuilt in the Renaissance style, and a tower was added. The neo-Gothic Church of Saints Peter and Paul was built in 1897–1903 and is located in Poříčí.[13]
The Bohuslav Martinů Concert Hall is located in the former Lutheran church, built in the neo-Gothic style in 1900.[13]
Twin towns – sister cities
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Notable people
edit- Samuel Fritz (1654 – c. 1730), Jesuit missionary who made the first accurate map of the Amazon River
- Vincenz Czerny (1842–1916), surgeon
- Igo Etrich (1879–1967), Austrian flight pioneer
- Friedrich Hopfner (1881–1949), Austrian geodesist and geophysicist
- Evelyn Faltis (1887–1937), composer
- Elsa Hilger (1904–2005), American cellist
- Helen Lewis (1916–2009), dance teacher and choreographer
- Norbert Eimer (1940–2021), German politician
- Iris Gusner (born 1941), German film director and screenwriter
- Pepa Lábus (born 1968), singer-songwriter
- Rudolf Skácel (born 1979), footballer
- Eva Vrabcová-Nývltová (born 1986), athlete
- Marcela Krůzová (born 1990), footballer
- Šárka Musilová (born 1991), Paralympic archer
References
edit- ^ "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2024". Czech Statistical Office. 2024-05-17.
- ^ Profous, Antonín (1957). Místní jména v Čechách IV: S–Ž (in Czech). p. 391.
- ^ "Historie města" (in Czech). Město Trutnov. Retrieved 2021-09-20.
- ^ "Subcamps of KL Gross- Rosen". Gross-Rosen Museum in Rogoźnica. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
- ^ "Working Parties". Lamsdorf.com. Archived from the original on 29 October 2020. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
- ^ "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21.
- ^ "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
- ^ "Registr ekonomických subjektů". Business Register (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. Retrieved 2023-06-14.
- ^ "Historie" (in Czech). Krakonoš Brewery. Retrieved 2021-09-20.
- ^ "Detail stanice Trutnov hl.n." (in Czech). České dráhy. Retrieved 2023-06-14.
- ^ Braun, Jan (2023-04-30). "Nesmlouvavé souboje s divokou vodou. Trutnovská loděnice žila závody" (in Czech). Deník.cz. Retrieved 2023-10-03.
- ^ "Trutnov – procházka historickým centrem" (in Czech). Informuji.cz. Retrieved 2021-09-20.
- ^ a b "Historické památky" (in Czech). Město Trutnov. Retrieved 2021-09-20.
- ^ "Partnerská města" (in Czech). Město Trutnov. Retrieved 2021-09-20.
External links
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