Timeline of Kassel

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Kassel, Germany.

Prior to 19th century

1462 - Martinskirche, Kassel (church) built.
1502 - Hofkapelle [de] (orchestra) founded.^{[citation needed]}
1593 - Marstall (Kassel) [de] built.
1863 - Printer Wilhelm Wessel in business.^[1]
1606 - Ottoneum (theatre) built.^[2]
1626 - Population: 6,329.^(de)
1709 - Collegium Carolinum (Kassel) (school) founded.
1710 - Karlskirche (Kassel) (church) built.
1731 - Casselische Zeitung von Policey (newspaper) begins publication.^[3]
1761 - Siege of Cassel (1761): Cassel successfully defended by the French.
1762 - Siege of Cassel (1762): Cassel was captured by the Germans from the French.^[4]
1767 - Königsplatz (Kassel) [de] (square) laid out.
1768 - Friedrichsplatz (Kassel) [de] (square) laid out.
1769 - Opera house built on Königsstraße (Kassel) [de].^[5]
1777 - Art school established.
1779 - Fridericianum museum opens.
1798 - Schloss Wilhelmshöhe (palace) built.

1807 - Became the capital of the Kingdom of Westphalia.^[4]
1810 - Population: 23,068.^(de)
1813 - Bombarded and captured by the Russian general Chernichev;
1836 - Verein für Naturkunde (society) founded.^[6]
1848 - Kassel–Warburg railway begins operating.
1850/51 - Occupied by the Prussians.^[4]
1866
- Prussian XI Army Corps headquartered in Kassel.^[7]
- Kassel becomes seat of province Hesse-Nassau in Prussia.^[7]^[4]
1877 - Steam tram begins operating.^[1]
1880 - Population: 58,290.^[8]
1885 - Population: 64,083.^[4]
1895 - Population: 81,752.^[9]
1899 - Wehlheiden [de] becomes part of Kassel.
1900 - Population: 106,034.^[10]

Kassel at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries

1905 - Population: 120,446.^[4]
1906 - Bettenhausen [de], Kirchditmold [de], Rothenditmold [de], and Wahlershausen [de] become part of Kassel.^[1]
1909
- Neue Hoftheater (theatre) built.
- Population: 150,577.^(de)
1914 - Stadthalle Kassel [de] built.^[1]
1926 - Gutsbezirk Fasanenhof becomes part of Kassel.^{[citation needed]}
1928 - Gutsbezirk Oberförsterei Kirchditmold, Kragenhof, Oberförsterei Ehlen, and Wilhelmshöhe [de] become part of Kassel.^{[citation needed]}
1936
- Harleshausen [de], Niederzwehren, Nordshausen [de], Oberzwehren [de], Waldau [de], and Wolfsanger [de] become part of Kassel.^[1]
- Population: 203,418.^(de)
1939 - Nazi camp for Sinti and Romani people established (see also Porajmos).^[11]
1942 - Bombing of Kassel in World War II begins.
1943 - July: Kassel-Druseltal subcamp of the Buchenwald concentration camp established. The prisoners were mostly Poles and Russians.^[12]
1944 - October: Several prisoners escaped from the Kassel-Druseltal subcamp of Buchenwald.^[12]
1945
- 29 March: Kassel-Druseltal subcamp of Buchenwald dissolved. Escape of many prisoners during their deportation to the main Buchenwald camp.^[12]
- 1–4 April: Battle of Kassel (1945); Allied forces win.
- Hessischen Nachrichten newspaper begins publication.
1955
- National Bundesgartenschau 1955 [de] (garden show) held in Kassel.^[1]
- "Documenta" quinquennial art exhibition begins.

Kassel in 1958

1959 - Staatstheater Kassel built.
1960
- Kassel Hauptbahnhof (train station) rebuilt.
- Brüder Grimm-Museum Kassel [de] opens.^[1]
1971 - University of Kassel established.
1972 - Kassel (district) formed in the state of Hesse.
1976 - New Gallery (Kassel) opens.
1977 - Eissporthalle Kassel (ice rink) opens.
1981 - National Bundesgartenschau 1981 [de] (garden show) held in Kassel.^[1]
1985 - Population: 184,466.^(de)

2005
- Scheidemannplatz [de] (square) remodelled.^[1]
- Bertram Hilgen [de] becomes mayor.^[1]
2007
- Kassel RegioTram begins operating.
- Kassel Marathon begins.
2013 - Theater im Centrum [de] opens.
2014 - Mevlana Mosque (Kassel-Oberzwehren) [de] built.^[13]
2015 - Population: 200,507.^(de)

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j "Stadtgeschichte: Kassel chronologisch" [City History: Chronology of Kassel]. Stadtportal (in German). Stadt Kassel. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
^ William Grange (2006). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of German Theater. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6489-4.
^ "Zeitungsinformationssystem ZEFYS" [Newspaper Information System] (in German). Berlin State Library. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Britannica 1910.
^ Apell 1831.
^ "Über uns: Geschichte (timeline)" (in German). Naturkundemuseum im Ottoneum. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
^ ^a ^b Baedeker 1910.
^ "Germany: Prussia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1885. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590469 – via Hathi Trust.
^ "German Empire: States of Germany: Prussia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1899. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590550 – via HathiTrust.
^ "Germany". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1904. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368424.
^ "Lager für Sinti und Roma Kassel". Bundesarchiv.de (in German). Retrieved 20 August 2022.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Kassel-Druseltal". aussenlager-buchenwald.de (in German). Retrieved 20 August 2022.
^ "Nach sechs Jahren: Moschee für 3,5 Millionen Euro fast fertig", Hessische/Niedersächsische Allgemeine (in German), 15 May 2014

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia.

"Cassel". Bradshaw's Illustrated Hand-book to Germany. London: W.J. Adams & Sons. 1876.
"Cassel". Handbook for North Germany (20th ed.). London: J. Murray. 1886. hdl:2027/hvd.hn1imr.
"Cassel". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901. hdl:2027/njp.32101065312876.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
"Cassel", Jewish Encyclopedia, vol. 3, New York, 1902, hdl:2027/mdp.49015002282292{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
"Cassel", Northern Germany (15th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1910, OCLC 78390379
"Cassel (Germany)" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 457–458.

David August von Apell (1831). Cassel und dessen Umgebungen (in German). OCLC 174331391.
G. A. Lobe (1837). Wanderungen durch Cassel und die Umgegend (in German). Krieger.
Franz Carl Theodor Piderit (1844). Geschichte der Haupt- und Residenzstadt Kassel (in German). W. Appel.
"Cassel". Biblioteca geographica: Verzeichniss der Seit der Mitte des vorigen Jahrhunderts bis zu Ende des Jahres 1856 in Deutschland (in German). Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann. 1858. (bibliography)
"Cassel". Brockhaus' Konversations-Lexikon (in German). Vol. 3 (14th ed.). Leipzig: Brockhaus. 1896. hdl:2027/njp.32101064064452.
NN (1910). Kreis Cassel (in German). Marburg. doi:10.11588/DIGLIT.12580 – via Heidelberg University Library, Heidelberger historische Bestände - digital. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Cassel und Wilhelmshöhe. Griebens Reiseführer (in German). 1919.
Gerhard Köbler (2007). "Kassel". Historisches Lexikon der Deutschen Länder (in German) (7th ed.). Munich: C.H. Beck. p. 327. ISBN 978-3-406-54986-1.
Hessen I: Regierungsbezirke Gießen und Kassel. Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler (in German). Deutscher Kunstverlag. 2008. ISBN 978-3-422-03092-3.
Wolfgang Adam; Siegrid Westphal, eds. (2012). "Kassel". Handbuch kultureller Zentren der Frühen Neuzeit: Städte und Residenzen im alten deutschen Sprachraum (in German). De Gruyter. pp. 1037–1092. ISBN 978-3-11-029555-9.