Stadtbahnwagen B

The Stadtbahnwagen Typ B (translation Type "B" Light Rail Vehicle, short form B-Wagen) is a light rail vehicle used by several Stadtbahn networks in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia as well as by the Bursaray network in Bursa, Turkey. It was mainly developed by Düsseldorf-based Duewag, who also built the majority of vehicles in a consortium with Siemens and Kiepe. A small series of ten units was built by Waggon Union in Berlin. As the type evolved over two decades of production, some vehicles have little more in common than their outer dimensions and the basic configuration of a two-part multiple unit on three bogies with both outer ones powered. For the Dortmund Stadtbahn, some cars were modified with a central section and a fourth bogie. These vehicles are referred to as B8 or B80C/8 (eight axles). These vehicles have a length of 38 m (124 ft 8 1⁄8 in) and a weight of 49 t (48 long tons; 54 short tons).

Stadtbahnwagen B
First-generation vehicles (B100S) from Cologne and Bonn
Stock type	Light Rail Vehicle/Tramcar
Manufacturer	Structure: Duewag Traction system: Siemens, Kiepe, Waggon Union, BBC, ABB, Adtranz HeiterBlick (B80D Dortmund)
Built at	Duewag factory Lierenfeld, Waggon Union factory Borsigwalde (Cologne only), Siemens factory Uerdingen (Bursa only), Felgenhauer factory Jasień / HeiterBlick factory Neulindenau (B80D Dortmund)
Constructed	1973–2002 2021–2025 (B80D Dortmund)
Number built	520
Specifications
Train length	28.0 m (91 ft 10 3⁄8 in) 38.0 m (124 ft 8 1⁄8 in) (B8 Dortmund)
Width	2.65 m (8 ft 8 3⁄8 in)
Maximum speed	100 km/h (62 mph) (B100 models) 80 km/h (50 mph) (B80 models)
Weight	39 t (38.4 long tons; 43.0 short tons)
Traction system	Camshaft resistor control (B80S / B100S) Computer-based DC GTO thyristor control (B80C / B100C) SIBAS16-based current-source phase-sequence extinction thyristor converter (B80D Düsseldorf / Cologne / Bochum) Computer-based AC IGBT control (Dortmund)
Traction motors	DC (B100S / B80S, B80C / B100C) AC (B80D)
Power output	B100S: 2×235 kW (315 hp)=470 kW (630 hp) B80D Bochum: 4×136 kW (182 hp)=544 kW (730 hp) (while braking) B80C Dortmund: 2×222 kW (298 hp)=444 kW (595 hp) B80D Düsseldorf: 2×295 kW (396 hp)=600 kW (805 hp) (while regenerating at 100 kN at 80 km/h (50 mph):  2,220 kW (2,977 hp))
Acceleration	1.15 m/s2 (2.6 mph/s) (B80D Bochum) 1.3 m/s2 (2.9 mph/s) (B80D Düsseldorf)
Deceleration	1.2 m/s2 (2.7 mph/s) (B80D Bochum) 1.5 m/s2 (3.4 mph/s) (B80D Düsseldorf) 3 m/s2 (6.7 mph/s) emergency brake (2⁄3 load)
Electric system(s)	750 V DC
UIC classification	B′2′B′ Bo′2′Bo′ (B80D)
Braking system(s)	Regenerative brake (only B80C / B100C / B80D), resistive brake, pneumatic spring-applied brake (B80S / B100S: only < 5 km/h (3.1 mph) B80C / B100C: only < 5 km/h (3.1 mph) or with load above 80% B80D: only < 2 km/h (1.2 mph) or with load above 80%), rail brake (emergency only)
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) standard gauge

History

When the Rhine-Ruhr Stadtbahn network was planned in the early 1970s, standardised rolling stock was planned as well. At the same time, a second Stadtbahn network was planned for Cologne and Bonn. Because the future Cologne Stadtbahn already had one finished tunnel, that was built with the city's own money with streetcars in mind, the Stadtbahnwagen designed for the Rhine-Ruhr network was not suitable. So, another vehicle was designed for the Cologne/Bonn network, that was capable of driving though tighter curves. This vehicle, now referred to as Stadtbahnwagen Typ B was immediately ordered by transport authorities in Cologne and Bonn, while Rhine-Ruhr authorities remained hesitant about "their" vehicle, now renamed Stadtbahnwagen Typ A. Eventually it was decided that the type "A" LRV was too unwieldy and type "B" LRVs were ordered by Essen, Mülheim, Düsseldorf, Duisburg, Dortmund and Bochum. The type "A" concept, which consists of close coupled two-car sets, was shelved and later revived for the Stuttgart Stadtbahn.

The Typ B formed the basis for the British-built Metrocars on the Tyne and Wear Metro, which opened in 1980.

Subtypes

Different variants are usually referred to by a combination of their top speed and a letter denoting the engine type.

B100S	100 km/h (62 mph), SIMATIC-Schaltwerksteuerung (SIMATIC-regulated camshaft control)
B80C	80 km/h (50 mph), Chopper control
B80D	80 km/h (50 mph), Drehstromantrieb (three-phase motors)

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  Second-generation body
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  Third-generation body