Sosnovy Bor (Russian: Сосно́вый Бор, lit. pine forest) is a town in Leningrad Oblast, Russia, situated on the Koporye Bay of the Gulf of Finland, 81 kilometers (50 mi) west of St. Petersburg. The town of Sosnovy Bor is surrounded by Lomonosovsky District. Population: 65,788 (2010 Census);[3] 66,132 (2002 Census);[8] 55,800 (1989 Soviet census).[9]
Sosnovy Bor
Сосновый Бор | |
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 Flag .png) Coat of arms | |
Location of Sosnovy Bor  | |
  Sosnovy Bor Location of Sosnovy Bor  Sosnovy Bor Sosnovy Bor (Leningrad Oblast) | |
| Coordinates: 59°53′23″N 29°05′08″E / 59.88972°N 29.08556°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Leningrad Oblast[1] |
| Urban-type settlement | 1958[2] |
| Town status since | 19 April 1973[2] |
| Elevation | 20 m (70 ft) |
| Population | |
• Total | 65,788 |
| • Rank | 239th in 2010 |
| • Subordinated to | Sosnovoborsky Municipal Formation with Urban Okrug Status[1] |
| • Capital of | Sosnovoborsky Municipal Formation with Urban Okrug Status[1] |
| • Urban okrug | Sosnovoborsky Urban Okrug[4] |
| • Capital of | Sosnovoborsky Urban Okrug[4] |
| Time zone | UTC 3 (MSK  [5]) |
| Postal code(s)[6] | 188540 |
| Dialing code(s) | 7 81369[7] |
| OKTMO ID | 41754000001 |
| Town Day | 19 April |
| Website | www |
History
editIt was founded in 1958 as urban-type settlement serving the Leningrad Nuclear Power Plant and granted urban-settlement status on 10 December 1958.[10] At the time, it was a part of Lomonosovsky District of Leningrad Oblast. On 19 April 1973, Sosnovy Bor was granted town status and became a town of oblast significance, after which it was no longer a part of Lomonosovsky District.[2]
Timeline
edit- 1958 Sosnovy Bor founded
- 1961 A branch of the Leningrad Special Purpose Combine "Radon" was created. Today this is the state-owned corporation for collection, processing and long-term storage of radioactive waste.
- 1962 State Station tor testing of marine nuclear power plants was created as a branch of Kurchatov's Institute for Atomic Energy (IAE). In 1966 it became Scientific and Technological Research Institute (NITI in Russian)
- 1963 A branch of S. I. Vavilov's State Optical Institution was built.
- 1966 North Construction Administration (Russian Северное управление строительства, СУС) was created. Its major goal was building the Leningrad Nuclear Power Plant.
- 19 April 1973 Sosnovy Bor was granted town status. This date is now the town's holiday.
- 23 December 1973 The first reactor of Leningrad Nuclear Power Plant produced its first power.
- 1981 The fourth reactor of the LNPP was started. LNPP became the largest world nuclear power plant (4 GW)
- 1996 First mayor elected.
Restricted access
editDue to high concentration of classified research facilities, nuclear energy industries, and military installations, access to Sosnovy Bor is only by special permit (except for the inhabitants of the town).
Administrative and municipal status
editWithin the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated as Sosnovoborsky Municipal Formation with Urban Okrug Status—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, Sosnovoborsky Municipal Formation with Urban Okrug Status is incorporated as Sosnovoborsky Urban Okrug.[4]
Economy
editIndustry
editSosnovy Bor is known for its research institutes and construction industry. There are about five hundred large, medium, and small enterprises functioning in the town. In 2005, the working capital investment grew by 15%.
The most prominent organizations in Sosnovy Bor include:
- Leningrad Nuclear Power Plant which provides district heating for the town;[11]
- Alexandrov Research Technological Institute — a state-owned research facility mostly dedicated to development and testing of nuclear ships and submarines power plants;[12]
- Nuclear waste disposal facility: branch of the state-owned "Russian Radioactive Waste" ("РосРАО");[13]
- Former Branch of the State Optical Institution, now a separate "Research Institute for Complex Testing of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems".
Transportation
edit
Sosnovy Bor is located on the railway connecting the Baltiysky railway station of Saint Petersburg with Veymarn. There are two railway stations in the town, Kalishche railway station and 80 km railway platform. Both are served by suburban connections from Saint Petersburg. West of Kalishche, there is no passenger service.
The town is connected by road to Saint Petersburg via Lebyazhye, and is included in the dense road network south of Sosnovy Bor, which, in particular, provides access to Kingisepp and Volosovo.
Sports and education
editTown's educational facilities include fourteen kindergartens, eleven schools (two of them private), one children's shelter (state-subsidized boarding school for abandoned children), five secondary schools, one polytechnic lyceum, and three branches of St. Petersburg-based universities.
107 sports organizations and 11 civil society organizations are registered in the town.
References
editNotes
edit- ^ a b c d e Oblast Law #32-oz
- ^ a b c Наукограды: Сосновый Бор (in Russian). ФГБНУ НИИ РИНКЦЭ. Retrieved 18 March 2013.
- ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ a b c Oblast Law #22-oz
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). 3 June 2011. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ Ленинградская область (in Russian). Телефонные коды России. Retrieved 22 March 2013.
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (21 May 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ Ораниенбаумский район (авг.1927 - фев. 1948 г .), Ломоносовский район (фев.1948 - фев. 196З, янв.1965) (in Russian). Система классификаторов исполнительных органов государственной власти Санкт-Петербурга. Retrieved 13 March 2013.
- ^ "Leningrad II plant begins providing district heating". World Nuclear News. 2 December 2019. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
- ^ НИТИ им. А.П. Александрова (in Russian). НИТИ им. А.П. Александрова. Retrieved 24 March 2013.
- ^ Северо-западный территориальный округ (in Russian). ФГУП «РосРАО». Archived from the original on 26 April 2012. Retrieved 24 March 2013.
Sources
edit- Законодательное собрание Ленинградской области. Областной закон №32-оз от 15 июня 2010 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Ленинградской области и порядке его изменения», в ред. Областного закона №23-оз от 8 мая 2014 г. «Об объединении муниципальных образований "Приморское городское поселение" Выборгского района Ленинградской области и "Глебычевское сельское поселение" Выборгского района Ленинградской области и о внесении изменений в отдельные Областные законы». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Вести", №112, 23 июня 2010 г. (Legislative Assembly of Leningrad Oblast. Oblast Law #32-oz of June 15, 2010 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Leningrad Oblast and on the Procedures for Its Change, as amended by the Oblast Law #23-oz of May 8, 2014 On Merging the Municipal Formations of "Primorskoye Urban Settlement" in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast and "Glebychevskoye Rural Settlement" in Vyborgsky District of Leningrad Oblast and on Amending Various Oblast Laws. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
- Законодательное собрание Ленинградской области. Областной закон №22-оз от 31 марта 2005 г. «Об установлении границ муниципального образования Сосновоборский городской округ», в ред. Областного закона №17-оз от 6 мая 2010 г «О внесении изменений в некоторые областные законы в связи с принятием федерального закона "О внесении изменений в отдельные законодательные акты Российской Федерации в связи с совершенствованием организации местного самоуправления"». Вступил в силу через 10 дней со дня официального опубликования (14 мая 2005 г.). Опубликован: "Вестник Правительства Ленинградской области", №15, 4 мая 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of Leningrad Oblast. Oblast Law #22-oz of March 31, 2005 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formation of Sosnovoborsky Urban Okrug, as amended by the Oblast Law #17-oz of May 6, 2010 On Amending Various Oblast Laws Due to the Adoption of the Federal Law "On Amending Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation Due to the Improvement of the Organization of the Local Self-Government". Effective as of after 10 days from the day of the official publication (May 14, 2005).).
External links
edit- Official website of Sosnovy Bor (in Russian)
- News of Sosnovy Bor (in Russian)
- Website of Mayak, local newspaper (in Russian)