Semuel Jusof Warouw (1900 – 22 October 1983) was an Indonesian physician who served as Prime Minister of the State of East Indonesia briefly in 1947, in addition to being Minister of Health within NIT between 1947 and 1949.
Semuel Jusof Warouw | |
|---|---|
,_p154.jpg) | |
| 2nd Prime Minister of East Indonesia | |
| In office 8 October 1947 – 9 December 1947 | |
| President | Tjokorda Gde Raka Soekawati |
| Preceded by | Nadjamuddin Daeng Malewa |
| Succeeded by | Ide Anak Agung Gde Agung |
| Minister of Health | |
| In office 13 January 1947 – 12 January 1949 | |
| Prime Minister | Nadjamuddin Daeng Malewa Himself Ide Anak Agung Gde Agung |
| Preceded by | Position created |
| Succeeded by | J.W. Grootings |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1900 |
| Died | 22 October 1983 (aged 82-83) |
Early life and career
editBorn in 1900,[1] he was of Minahasan descent.[2] Warouw was educated at the Batavia Medical College (STOVIA), where he chaired an association of Minahasan students.[3] He was an ophthalmologist by training, and also worked as a civil servant.[4] In the 1930s, he had been elected to the city council of Manado. He advocated for a federal Indonesian state with strong Dutch ties, publishing a manifesto in 1946.[2]
When the State of East Indonesia (NIT) was established in December 1946, Warouw was working at the health bureau of Manado as a physician, and he was appointed Minister of Health in the cabinets of Nadjamuddin Daeng Malewa.[5] During Nadjamuddin's trip to New York City in mid-1947, he was appointed acting prime minister.[4] The Nadjamuddin cabinet collapsed due to a corruption scandal in late September, and Warouw was appointed as the next formateur on 8 October 1947.[6] While he managed to form a cabinet by 11 October (in which he continued to hold the office of Minister of Health),[6] Warouw was politically unaffiliated and had little political experience.[4]
Warouw had openly supported the continuation of Dutch sovereignty over Indonesia, in direct opposition to a significant faction within the NIT's legislature, and he supported Dutch military actions against the Indonesian Republicans. This was exarcebated by him being a Christian, which made Islamist groups and representatives from South Sulawesi distrust him. In governing, he also tended to bypass parliamentary ratification, which did not sit well with legislators.[7] By 9 December, a motion of faith in the government had been defeated, resulting in Warouw resigning as Prime Minister.[8] Warouw would remain Minister of Health in the succeeding cabinet of Ide Anak Agung Gde Agung,[9] until his replacement on 12 January 1949.[10] During Dutch-Indonesian negotiations in 1949, he promoted Minahasan independence to gain political leverage, but this did not amount to much, and he returned to medicine after the transfer of sovereignty.[11]
Starting in 1956, he joined Hasanuddin University's faculty of medicine, his focus being on eye diseases and neurology.[12] He later also headed Sulawesi's ophthalmological hospital.[13] He was appointed the first president of the Christian University of Indonesia - Tomohon in 1964.[11]
He died on 22 October 1983.[14]
References
edit- ^ Kalalo, Ronald (18 August 2021). "Ziarah ke Makam Walikota Perempuan Pertama di Indonesia, Ini Harapan GAMKI Minsel". Berita Manado (in Indonesian). Retrieved 3 December 2021.
- ^ a b Pols 2018, p. 189.
- ^ Pols, Hans (9 August 2018). Nurturing Indonesia: Medicine and Decolonisation in the Dutch East Indies. Cambridge University Press. p. 91. ISBN 978-1-108-42457-8.
- ^ a b c Agung, Ide Anak Agung Gde; Owens, Linda (1996). From the Formation of the State of East Indonesia Towards the Establishment of the United States of Indonesia (1st ed.). Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia. p. 312. ISBN 978-979-461-216-3.
- ^ Agung & Owens 1996, pp. 144, 258.
- ^ a b Propinsi Sulawesi (in Indonesian). Ministry of Information. 1953. p. 136.
- ^ Agung & Owens 1996, p. 330.
- ^ Agung & Owens 1996, p. 332.
- ^ Ministry of Information 1953, p. 137.
- ^ Ministry of Information 1953, p. 158.
- ^ a b Pols 2018, p. 190.
- ^ Pacific Scientific Information. National Science Foundation. 1961. p. 61.
- ^ Sejarah kesehatan nasional Indonesia (in Indonesian). Ministry of Health. 1978. p. 188.
- ^ Lontara: majalah Universitas Hasanuddin (in Indonesian). Hasanuddin University. 1983. p. 3.