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Texas State Highway 1

(Redirected from SH 1 (TX))
For other highways in Texas numbered 1, see NASA Road 1, Texas Loop Highway 1, Texas Spur Route 1, Farm to Market Road 1, Ranch Road 1, and Texas Park Road 1

State Highway 1 (SH 1) was a state highway in the U.S. state of Texas. The highway traveled from Texarkana on the eastern border to El Paso on the western border, via Dallas and Fort Worth, Abilene, and Midland–Odessa. SH 1 was approximately 842 miles (1,355 km) long, and was one of the original 25 Texas state highways, which were designated on June 21, 1917.[4] In 1920, the entire length of the highway was designated as part of the Bankhead Highway, a transcontinental Auto trail. In the Texas Department of Transportation's 1939 state highway renumbering, most of SH 1 was redesignated as U.S. Route 80, as well as U.S. Route 67, and others. Most of these highways were replaced by Interstate 10, Interstate 20, and Interstate 30. The only portion of SH 1 that existed after September 26, 1939, was a short spur located in Dallas. Texas State Highway 1 was officially cancelled on August 20, 1952. Due to the highway's historic value, a highway cannot be designated as State Highway 1 unless by the order of TxDOT Executive Director or by the Transportation Commission.[3]

State Highway 1 marker
State Highway 1
Texarkana, Dallas, Fort Worth, and El Paso Highway
Route information
Maintained by TxDOT
Length837.421 mi[1] (1,347.698 km)
ExistedJune 21, 1917[2]–August 20, 1952[3]
HistoryReplaced by US 80 and several other highways on September 26, 1939
Designated to short spur route located in Dallas on September 26, 1939
Cancelled and redesignated to State Loop 260 on August 20, 1952
Major junctions
West endNew Mexico state line, near El Paso
Major intersections
East endArkansas state line, in Texarkana
Location
CountryUnited States
StateTexas
Highway system
← SH OSR→ Loop 1

Texas State Highway 1 had several long spur routes. Most of these were simply numbered as State Highway 1, and were renumbered within a few years. Three of these spurs were separately numbered. They were Texas State Highway 1A, which was a long alternate route of SH 1 that traveled from Abilene to just west of Palo Pinto, Texas State Highway 1B, which was a short spur located in Dallas that was redesignated as SH 1 in 1939, and Texas State Highway 1C, which was a short spur located in Fort Worth that was redesignated at US 80 in 1939.

Route description

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In terms of today's Interstate Highways, the routing of SH 1 is followed by Interstate 10 (I-10) from New Mexico to east of Van Horn, I-20 to west of Fort Worth, and I-30 to Texarkana.

 
U.S. Route 80 in Dallas in 1965. This was formerly SH 1
 

History

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SH 1 was assigned on June 21, 1917, as one of the original 25 state highways.[5] Known as the Texarkana, Dallas, Fort Worth and El Paso Highway, it crossed from Arkansas at Texarkana and ran west through Dallas, Fort Worth, Albany, Abilene, Big Spring and Van Horn to end in El Paso.[6] On September 5, 1918, it had been extended northwest from El Paso to the New Mexico state line.[7][8] In February 1920,[9] the whole of SH 1 was included in the transcontinental Bankhead Highway, a marked auto trail.[10][11]

In late 1926, the United States Numbered Highways were assigned. State Highway 1 kept its number, but was also assigned U.S. Highway 80 from New Mexico to Dallas and U.S. Highway 67 from Dallas to Texarkana.[12]

By 1936, US 80 had been moved off SH 1 west of downtown Dallas.[13] While SH 1 angled northeast on Fort Worth Avenue from Cockrell Hill, crossing the Trinity River on the Commerce Street Bridge, US 80 continued east on Davis Street, turning north on Zang Boulevard and over the Houston Street Viaduct. In downtown, US 80 turned east on Commerce Street (State Highway 15), and US 67, which had joined US 80 along Davis Street, turned east on Elm Street (SH 1).[14] (Commerce Street and Elm Street later became a one-way pair.)[15] On June 21, 1938, SH 1 Spur was designated to Santo.[16] On December 1, 1938, SH 1 Loop was designated in El Paso.[17]

On September 26, 1939, SH 1 was truncated to only this short piece west from downtown Dallas. The loop became Loop 16 (El Paso). The spur became Spur 40 (Santo). It split from US 80 (Davis Street) and ran northeast on Fort Worth Avenue and Commerce Street. Upon entering downtown Dallas, it split into the one-way pair of Commerce and Elm Streets, ending at US 80 (Houston Street).[3][18] On August 20, 1952, the route was renumbered to Loop 260 and signed as U.S. Route 80 Business. Loop 260 was removed from the State Highway System and turned over to the City of Dallas on June 25, 1991, along with most of Loop 354.[19]

Branches

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In the original 1917 definition, SH 1 had a split between Abilene and Palo Pinto (west of Mineral Wells). Another split was present between Sulphur Springs and Texarkana, and a branch ran from the northern route at Naples east to State Highway 8 at Douglassville.[6] SH 1 followed State Highway 39 from Greenville to Commerce and went southeast to Sulphur Springs when the route was decided. On February 19, 1918, the southern route between Sulphur Springs and Texarkana had become State Highway 1A, and a new State Highway 1B ran from SH 1 in Naples to Douglasville, and a new State Highway 1C ran southeast from SH 1A at Atlanta to the Louisiana state line.[20] On March 20, 1918, SH 1A extended north from Texarkana north to the Red River (the Arkansas state line).[21]

The southern route between Abilene and Palo Pinto was improved first.[22] Thus it was designated as part of US 80 in 1926. The north route was redesignated on August 21, 1923, as State Highway 1A, and in 1932 was designated US 80N (later U.S. Highway 80 Alternate),[23][24][25] On March 16, 1927, SH 1 was rerouted on the direct route between Sulphur Springs and Greenville, and the old route became part of SH 39 and SH 11.[26] On August 8, 1935, all of SH 1A west of Albany was transferred to SH 15, but that was not effective until September 1 of that year.[27] On October 23, 1935, US 80 and SH 1 were rerouted onto the direct route between Ranger and Weatherford, replacing part of State Highway 89,[28][29] and US 80 Alt. was extended east to Weatherford; this did not become effective until paving on SH 89 from Strawn to Weatherford was completed. It was unknown what the old route would become, but on November 19, 1935, the section from Weatherford to Palo Pinto was already part of SH 15, and the section from Palo Pinto to Strawn would become part of an extended SH 120. The SH 1A designation was removed in the 1939 general redescription, and US 80 Alt. was replaced on September 6, 1943, by State Highway 351 and U.S. Highway 180.[30][31]

The other branches, located east of Dallas, were all renumbered on August 21, 1923:[25][32]

  • The section of SH 1A from Commerce east to Daingerfield became part of State Highway 11. This road still carries SH 11. The section of SH 1A from Daingerfield to Hughes Springs became part of State Highway 49 and the section of SH 1A from Hughes Springs east to Atlanta became State Highway 48.
  • SH 1B was renumbered to State Highway 77.
  • SH 1C and the section of SH 1A from Atlanta north through Texarkana to the Red River became State Highway 47. On June 24, 1931, the section of SH 47 that replaced SH 1C became an extension of SH 77, and SH 47 was rerouted to Daingerfield, eliminating SH 48. On the September 26, 1939 redescription, SH 11 (which had gone north from Daingerfield) was extended east from Daingerfield along former SH 1A to the Red River, eliminating SH 47. (The short piece of SH 49 became a concurrency.) SH 11 was truncated to Linden on October 13, 1947, when the rest became part of U.S. Highway 59.[33]

A branch was designated on Commerce Street in Dallas on March 13, 1931. On November 11, 1933, it was known as SH 1B.[34] This was eliminated on September 26, 1939. Another SH 1C was designated on Lancaster Street on March 17, 1936.[35] This was eliminated on September 26, 1939 (became US 80).

Major junctions

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CountyLocationmi[1][36]kmDestinationsNotes
El PasoVinton0.0000.000New Mexico state line /   US 80Western terminus. Western end of US 80 concurrency
El Paso21.76335.024   US 70 / SH 33Southern terminus of SH 33
23.69538.133   US 62 / SH 130Western terminus of US 62 and SH 130
CulbersonVan Horn141.593227.872    US 90 / SH 3 / SH 54Southern terminus of SH 54, northern terminus of both US 90 and SH 3
Reeves​189.241304.554   US 290 / SH 27Western terminus of SH 27 and US 290
Pecos229.576369.467  SH 17
WardPyote254.372409.372  SH 115Southern terminus of SH 115
Monahans263.922424.741  SH 82
EctorOdessa299.548482.076  SH 137
HowardBig Spring359.041577.820   US 385 / SH 9
MitchellColorado390.185627.942  SH 101Southern terminus of SH 101
NolanRoscoe417.966672.651  SH 7Southern terminus of SH 7
Sweetwater189.241304.554  SH 70
TaylorAbilene466.898751.399      US 83 / US 277 / SH 1A / SH 4 / SH 30Southern terminus of SH 1A
EastlandCisco511.937823.883   US 283 / SH 23
Eastland521.188838.771  SH 67
Palo Pinto​555.454893.917  SH 1AEastern terminus of SH 1A
Mineral Wells576.022927.018  SH 66Southern terminus of SH 66
TarrantFort Worth611.074983.428   US 377 / SH 10Western end of SH 10/US 377 concurrency
623.0461,002.695     US 81 / US 377 / SH 2 / SH 10Eastern end of SH 10/US 377 concurrency
624.6971,005.352  SH 34Northern terminus of SH 34
DallasDallas652.6801,050.387   US 67 / SH 68Northern terminus of SH 68. West end of US 67 concurrency
653.8241,052.228  SH 6
654.4311,053.205    US 75 / US 77 / SH 40Western end of SH 40 concurrency
656.6201,056.727   US 175 / SH 40Eastern end of SH 40 concurrency
659.3721,061.156   US 80 / SH 15Eastern end of US 80 concurrency
Garland668.4401,075.750   SH 114 / SH 78
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b Statewide Planning Map (Map). Cartography by Transportation Planning and Programming Division. Texas Department of Transportation. Retrieved September 8, 2012.
  2. ^ Texas State Highway Commission, Office of State Highway Engineer (July 1917). Map Showing Proposed System of State Highways (Map) (June 1917 ed.). 1:2,112,200. Austin: Texas State Highway Commission. Retrieved May 30, 2012.
  3. ^ a b c Transportation Planning and Programming Division (n.d.). "State Highway No. 1". Highway Designation Files. Texas Department of Transportation. Retrieved May 30, 2012.
  4. ^ Staff (July 6, 1917). "'Highway Commission Adopts 25 Highways". Commerce Journal.
  5. ^ "Minutes of the State Highway Department" (PDF). June 21, 1917.
  6. ^ a b Texas State Highway Commission, Office of State Highway Engineer (July 1917). Map Showing Proposed System of State Highways (Map) (June 1917 ed.). 1:2,112,200. Austin: Texas State Highway Commission. Retrieved May 30, 2012.
  7. ^ "Minutes" (PDF). publicdocs.txdot.gov. Texas Department of Transportation. September 5, 1918. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 23, 2017. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
  8. ^ Texas State Highway Commission (October 1, 1919). Highway Map, State of Texas (Map) (1919 ed.). 1:1,584,00. Austin: Texas State Highway Commission. Retrieved May 30, 2012.
  9. ^ Weingroff, Richard F. (May 31, 2012). "Zero Milestone – Washington, D.C." Highway History. Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved May 31, 2012.
  10. ^ Midget Map of the Transcontinental Trails of the United States (Map). Midget. 1923. Retrieved May 30, 2012.
  11. ^ Staff (2009). Bankhead Highway in Garland (Texas Historical Marker). Garland, TX: Texas Historical Commission. Retrieved May 30, 2012.
  12. ^ Bureau of Public Roads & American Association of State Highway Officials (November 11, 1926). United States System of Highways Adopted for Uniform Marking by the American Association of State Highway Officials (Map). 1:7,000,000. Washington, DC: United States Geological Survey. OCLC 32889555. Retrieved November 7, 2013 – via Wikimedia Commons.
  13. ^ "Overview map of Former Texas State Highway 1" (Map). Google Maps. Retrieved April 20, 2012.
  14. ^ General Highway Map: Dallas County, Rockwall County, Texas (Map). Texas State Highway Department. 1936. Retrieved May 30, 2012.
  15. ^ General Highway Map: Dallas County, Rockwall County, Texas (Map). Texas State Highway Department. January 1, 1961. Retrieved May 30, 2012.
  16. ^ "Minutes" (PDF). publicdocs.txdot.gov. Texas Department of Transportation. June 20, 1938. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 21, 2017. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
  17. ^ "Minutes" (PDF). publicdocs.txdot.gov. Texas Department of Transportation. November 30, 1938. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 22, 2017. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
  18. ^ TxDOT Map (Map). Texas Department of Transportation. 1954. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007.
  19. ^ Transportation Planning and Programming Division (n.d.). "State Highway Loop No. 260". Highway Designation Files. Texas Department of Transportation. Retrieved May 30, 2012.
  20. ^ "Minutes" (PDF). publicdocs.txdot.gov. Texas Department of Transportation. February 19, 1918. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 23, 2017. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
  21. ^ "Minutes" (PDF). publicdocs.txdot.gov. Texas Department of Transportation. March 20, 1918. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 23, 2017. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
  22. ^ Texas State Highway Commission (December 1, 1922). Highway Map of the State of Texas (Map) (1922 ed.). 1:1,267,200. Austin: Texas State Highway Commission. Retrieved May 30, 2012.
  23. ^ Transportation Planning and Programming Division (n.d.). "U.S. Highway No. 80". Highway Designation Files. Texas Department of Transportation. Retrieved May 30, 2012.
  24. ^ Transportation Planning and Programming Division (n.d.). "U.S. Highway No. 80-br Alternate". Highway Designation Files. Texas Department of Transportation. Retrieved May 30, 2012.
  25. ^ a b Official Highway Map of Texas (Map). State Highway Commission. 1926. Retrieved May 10, 2015.
  26. ^ "Minutes" (PDF). publicdocs.txdot.gov. Texas Department of Transportation. March 14, 1927. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 22, 2018. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
  27. ^ "Minutes" (PDF). publicdocs.txdot.gov. Texas Department of Transportation. July 16, 1935. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 20, 2017. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
  28. ^ "Minutes" (PDF). publicdocs.txdot.gov. Texas Department of Transportation. October 21, 1935. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 20, 2017. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
  29. ^ "Minutes" (PDF). publicdocs.txdot.gov. Texas Department of Transportation. November 18, 1935. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 6, 2018. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
  30. ^ Transportation Planning and Programming Division (n.d.). "State Highway No. 351". Highway Designation Files. Texas Department of Transportation. Retrieved May 30, 2012.
  31. ^ Transportation Planning and Programming Division (n.d.). "U.S. Highway No. 180". Highway Designation Files. Texas Department of Transportation. Retrieved May 30, 2012.
  32. ^ "Minutes" (PDF). publicdocs.txdot.gov. Texas Department of Transportation. August 21, 1923. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 26, 2017. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
  33. ^ Transportation Planning and Programming Division (n.d.). "State Highway No. 11". Highway Designation Files. Texas Department of Transportation. Retrieved May 30, 2012.
  34. ^ "Minutes" (PDF). publicdocs.txdot.gov. Texas Department of Transportation. February 27, 1931. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 26, 2018. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
  35. ^ "Minutes" (PDF). publicdocs.txdot.gov. Texas Department of Transportation. March 10, 1931. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 21, 2017. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
  36. ^ Map of Texas (Map). Cartography by H.M. Gousha. Conoco. 1938. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007.
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