Typha orientalis, commonly known as bulrush, cumbungi,[2] or raupō, is a perennial herbaceous plant in the genus Typha. It is native to Australia, New Zealand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Myanmar, Philippines, China and the Russian Far East (Sakhalin and Primorye).[3][4]
| Typha orientalis | |
|---|---|
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| Leaves and flower spikes of Typha orientalis | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Clade: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Typhaceae |
| Genus: | Typha |
| Species: | T. orientalis
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| Binomial name | |
| Typha orientalis | |
| Synonyms | |
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T. orientalis is a wetland plant that grows on the edges of ponds, lakes, salt marshes, and slow flowing rivers and streams.
Use
editKnown as raupō in New Zealand,[5] the plant was quite useful to Māori. The rhizomes were cooked and eaten, while the flowers were baked into cakes.[6] The leaves were used for roofs and walls and occasionally for canoe sails,[7] as well as a material for making kites.[8] Māori introduced the plant to the Chatham Islands.[3]
References
edit- ^ Zhuang, X. (2011). "Typha orientalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2011: e.T168629A6524306. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-2.RLTS.T168629A6524306.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
- ^ "Typha orientalis". Flora of Australia. Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment, Canberra. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
- ^ a b "Distribution".
- ^ Flora of China, v 23 p 161.
- ^ Johnson, Peter (24 Sep 2007). "Wetlands – Reeds, rushes, sedges and low growers". Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
- ^ Lehnebach, Carlos A.; Regnault, Claire; Rice, Rebecca; Awa, Isaac Te; Yates, Rachel A. (2023-11-01). Flora: Celebrating our Botanical World. Te Papa Press. ISBN 978-1-9911509-1-2.
- ^ Lawrie Metcalf (1998). The Cultivation of New Zealand Native Grasses. Auckland, New Zealand: Random House. p. 48.
- ^ Neich, Roger (1996). "New Zealand Maori Barkcloth and Barkcloth Beaters". Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum. 33: 111–158. ISSN 0067-0464. JSTOR 42906461. Wikidata Q58677501.111-158&rft.date=1996&rft_id=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42906461#id-name=JSTOR&rft.issn=0067-0464&rft.au=Neich, Roger&rft_id=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/62813505&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Typha orientalis" class="Z3988">