Wikipedia

New York gubernatorial elections

There have been 91 gubernatorial elections in the state of New York since 1777, with the most recent being held on November 8, 2022. The next election is scheduled to be held on November 3, 2026.

General information

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Originally the term for governor of New York was three years long and began on July 1,[1] the election being held in the last week of April or May 1. In 1817, following the resignation of Daniel D. Tompkins after serving only eight months of his term, there was a new election, since the 1777 Constitution did not give the lieutenant governor the right to succeed to the governor's office, and DeWitt Clinton was elected for a whole three-year-term. The New York State Constitutional Convention of 1821 reduced the term to two years – beginning on January 1 and ending on December 31 – and moved the election to the Tuesday after the first Monday in November. Due to this measure, DeWitt Clinton's own second term was cut short by half a year. Beginning with the election in 1876, the term was increased to three years again, beginning with the election in 1894 reduced to two years, and since the election in 1938 has its present duration of four years.

Although the candidates for lieutenant governor have always run on tickets with the governor's candidates, until the election of 1950 they were elected on separate ballots, so on several occasions (1826, 1846, 1850, 1906, and 1924) the governor and his lieutenant were elected of opposing tickets.

In only 15 of the total 91 elections has the incumbent lost re-election.

The elected candidates are shown in bold face in the tables below.

Recent elections

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2022

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Main article: 2022 New York gubernatorial election
 
2022 election results by county
2022 New York gubernatorial election[2]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Kathy Hochul (incumbent) 3,034,801 53.20
Republican Lee Zeldin 2,705,908 46.80
Total votes 5,750,373 100.00
Majority 328,893 5.72
Democratic hold

2018

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Main article: 2018 New York gubernatorial election
 
2018 election results by county
2018 New York gubernatorial election[3]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Andrew Cuomo (incumbent) 3,635,340 59.62
Republican Marc Molinaro 2,207,602 36.21
Green Howie Hawkins 103,946 1.70
Libertarian Larry Sharpe 95,033 1.56
SAM Stephanie Miner 55,441 0.91
Total votes 6,097,362 100.00
Majority 1,427,738 23.42
Democratic hold

2014

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Main article: 2014 New York gubernatorial election
 
2014 election results by county
2014 New York gubernatorial election[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Andrew Cuomo (incumbent) 2,069,480 54.28
Republican Rob Astorino 1,537,077 40.31
Green Howie Hawkins 184,419 4.84
Libertarian Michael McDermott 16,769 0.44
Sapient Steven Cohn 4,963 0.13
Total votes 3,812,708 100.00
Majority 532,403 13.96
Democratic hold

2010

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Main article: 2010 New York gubernatorial election
 
2010 election results by county
2010 New York gubernatorial election[5]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Andrew Cuomo 2,910,876 62.56
Republican Carl Paladino 1,547,857 33.26
Green Howie Hawkins 59,906 1.29
Libertarian Warren Redlich 48,359 1.04
Rent Is Too Damn High Jimmy McMillan 41,129 0.88
Freedom Charles Barron 24,571 0.53
Anti-Prohibition Kristin M. Davis 20,421 0.44
Total votes 4,653,119 100.00
Majority 1,363,019 29.29
Democratic hold

2006

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Main article: 2006 New York gubernatorial election
 
2006 election results by county
2006 New York gubernatorial election[6]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Eliot Spitzer 3,086,709 69.56
Republican John Faso 1,274,335 28.72
Green Malachy McCourt 42,166 0.95
Libertarian John Clifton 14,736 0.33
Rent Is Too Damn High Jimmy McMillan 13,355 0.30
Socialist Workers Maura DeLuca 5,919 0.13
Total votes 4,437,220 100.00
Majority 1,812,374 40.84
Democratic gain from Republican

2002

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Main article: 2002 New York gubernatorial election
 
2002 election results by county
2002 New York gubernatorial election[7]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican George Pataki (incumbent) 2,262,255 49.40
Democratic Carl McCall 1,534,064 33.50
Independence B. Thomas Golisano 654,016 14.28
Right to Life Gerard Cronin 44,195 0.97
Green Stanley Aronowitz 41,797 0.91
Marijuana Reform Thomas K. Leighton 21,977 0.48
Liberal Andrew Cuomo 15,761 0.34
Libertarian Scott Jeffrey 5,013 0.11
Total votes 4,579,078 100.00
Majority 728,191 15.90
Republican hold

Older elections

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1966-1998

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Gubernatorial elections under the State Constitution of 1938. The term is four years.

1998

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Main article: 1998 New York gubernatorial election
 
1998 election results by county
1998 New York gubernatorial election[a][8]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican George Pataki (incumbent) 2,571,991 54.32
Democratic Peter Vallone, Sr. 1,570,317 33.16
Independence Tom Golisano 364,056 7.69
Liberal Betsy McCaughey 77,915 1.65
Right to Life Michael Reynolds 56,683 1.20
Green Al Lewis 52,533 1.11
Marijuana Reform Thomas K. Leighton 24,788 0.52
Unity Mary A. France 9,692 0.20
Libertarian Chris Garvey 4,722 0.10
Socialist Workers Al Duncan 2,539 0.05
Total votes 4,735,236 100.00
Majority 1,001,674 21.15
Republican hold

1994

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Main article: 1994 New York gubernatorial election
 
1994 election results by county
1994 New York gubernatorial election[9]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican George Pataki 2,538,702 48.79
Democratic Mario Cuomo (incumbent) 2,364,904 45.45
Independence Tom Golisano 217,490 4.18
Right to Life Robert T. Walsh 67,750 1.30
Libertarian Robert L. Schulz 9,506 0.18
Socialist Workers Lawrence Lane 5,410 0.10
Total votes 5,203,762 100.00
Majority 173,798 3.34
Republican gain from Democratic

1990

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Main article: 1990 New York gubernatorial election
 
1990 election results by county
1990 New York gubernatorial election[10]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Mario Cuomo (incumbent) 2,157,087 53.17
Republican Pierre Rinfret 865,948 21.35
Conservative Herbert London 827,614 20.40
Right to Life Louis P. Wein 137,804 3.40
New Alliance Lenora Fulani 31,089 0.77
Libertarian W. Gary Johnson 24,611 0.61
Socialist Workers Craig Gannon 12,743 0.31
Total votes 4,056,896 100.00
Majority 1,291,139 31.83
Democratic hold

1986

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Main article: 1986 New York gubernatorial election
 
1986 election results by county
1986 New York gubernatorial election[11]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Mario Cuomo (incumbent) 2,775,045 64.63
Republican Andrew O'Rourke 1,363,968 31.77
Right to Life Denis Dillon 130,827 3.05
New Alliance Lenora Fulani 24,135 0.56
Total votes 4,293,975 100.00
Majority 1,411,077 32.86
Democratic hold

1982

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Main article: 1982 New York gubernatorial election
 
1982 election results by county
1982 New York gubernatorial election[12]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Mario Cuomo 2,675,213 50.91
Republican Lewis Lehrman 2,494,827 47.48
Right to Life Robert J. Bohner 52,356 1.00
Libertarian John H. Northrup 16,913 0.32
Unity Jane Benedict 6,353 0.12
New Alliance Nancy Ross 5,277 0.10
Socialist Workers Diane Wang 3,766 0.07
Write-in 186 0.00
Total votes 5,254,891 100.00
Majority 180,386 3.43
Democratic hold

1978

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Main article: 1978 New York gubernatorial election
 
1978 election results by county
1978 New York gubernatorial election[13]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Hugh Carey (incumbent) 2,429,272 50.95
Republican Perry Duryea 2,156,404 45.22
Right to Life Mary Jane Tobin 130,193 2.73
Libertarian Gary Greenberg 18,990 0.40
Socialist Workers Dianne M. Feeley 12,987 0.27
Communist Jarvis Tyner 11,400 0.24
U.S. Labor Paul Gallagher 9,073 0.19
Total votes 4,768,319 100.00
Majority 272,868 5.72
Democratic hold

1974

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Main article: 1974 New York gubernatorial election
 
1974 election results by county
1974 New York gubernatorial election[14]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Hugh Carey 3,028,503 57.22
Republican Malcolm Wilson (incumbent) 2,219,667 41.94
Courage Wayne S. Amato 12,459 0.24
Libertarian Jerome Tuccille 10,503 0.20
Socialist Workers Derrick Morrison 8,857 0.17
Communist Jose A. Ristorucci 5,232 0.10
Socialist Labor John Emanuel 4,574 0.09
U.S. Labor Anton Chaitkin 3,151 0.06
Total votes 5,292,946 100.00
Majority 808,836 15.28
Democratic gain from Republican

1970

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Main article: 1970 New York gubernatorial election
 
1970 election results by county
1970 New York gubernatorial election[b][15]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Nelson Rockefeller (incumbent) 3,151,432 52.41
Democratic Arthur Goldberg 2,421,426 40.27
Conservative Paul Adams 422,514 7.03
Communist Rasheed Storey 7,760 0.13
Socialist Workers Clifton DeBerry 5,766 0.10
Socialist Labor Stephen Emery 3,963 0.07
Total votes 6,012,861 100.00
Majority 730,006 12.14
Republican hold

1966

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Main article: 1966 New York gubernatorial election
 
1966 election results by county
1966 New York gubernatorial election[16]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Nelson Rockefeller (incumbent) 2,690,626 44.61
Democratic Frank D. O'Connor 2,298,363 38.11
Conservative Paul Adams 510,023 8.46
Liberal Franklin Delano Roosevelt Jr. 507,234 8.41
Socialist Labor Milton Herder 12,730 0.21
Socialist Workers Judith White 12,506 0.21
Total votes 6,031,482 100.00
Majority 392,263 6.50
Republican hold

1938-1962

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1962

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Main article: 1962 New York state election
 
1962 election results by county
1962 New York gubernatorial election[17]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Nelson Rockefeller (incumbent) 3,081,587 53.08
Democratic Robert M. Morgenthau 2,552,418 43.97
Conservative David H. Jaquith 141,877 2.44
Socialist Workers Richard Garza 19,698 0.34
Socialist Labor Eric Hass 9,762 0.17
Total votes 5,805,342 100.00
Majority 529,169 9.12
Republican hold

1958

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Main article: 1958 New York state election
 
1958 election results by county
1958 New York gubernatorial election[18]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Nelson Rockefeller 3,126,929 54.74
Democratic W. Averell Harriman (incumbent) 2,553,895 44.71
Independent-Socialist John T. McManus 31,658 0.55
Total votes 5,712,482 100.00
Majority 573,034 10.03
Republican gain from Democratic

1954

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Main article: 1954 New York state election
1954 New York gubernatorial election
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic W. Averell Harriman 2,560,738 49.61
Republican Irving Ives 2,549,613 49.40
American Labor John T. McManus 46,886 0.91
Socialist Workers David L. Weiss 2,617 0.05
Industrial Government Nathan Karp 1,720 0.03
Total votes 5,161,574 100.00
Majority 11,125 0.22
Democratic gain from Republican

1950

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Main article: 1950 New York state election
1950 New York gubernatorial election
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Thomas E. Dewey (incumbent) 2,819,523 53.11
Democratic Walter A. Lynch 2,246,855 42.32
American Labor John T. McManus 221,966 4.18
Socialist Workers Michael Bartell 13,274 0.25
Socialist Labor Eric Hass 7,254 0.14
Total votes 5,308,872 100.00
Majority 572,668 10.79
Republican hold

1946

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Main article: 1946 New York state election
 
1946 election results by county
1946 New York gubernatorial election
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Thomas E. Dewey (incumbent) 2,825,633 56.92
Democratic James M. Mead 2,138,482 43.08
Total votes 4,964,115 100.00
Majority 687,151 13.84
Republican hold

1942

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Main article: 1942 New York state election
 
1942 election results by county
1942 New York gubernatorial election
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Thomas E. Dewey 2,148,546 52.10
Democratic John J. Bennett Jr. 1,501,039 36.40
American Labor Dean Alfange 403,626 9.79
Communist Israel Amter 45,220 1.10
Socialist Coleman B. Cheney 21,911 0.53
Industrial Government Aaron M. Orange 3,496 0.09
Total votes 4,123,838 100.00
Majority 647,507 15.70
Republican gain from Democratic

1938

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Main article: 1938 New York state election
 
1938 election results by county
1938 New York gubernatorial election
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Herbert H. Lehman (incumbent) 2,391,286 50.38
Republican Thomas E. Dewey 2,326,982 49.02
Socialist Norman Thomas 24,980 0.53
Industrial Government Aaron M. Orange 3,516 0.07
Total votes 4,746,764 100.00
Majority 64,304 1.35
Democratic hold

1894-1936

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Gubernatorial elections under the State Constitution of 1894. The term was two years.

Main article: New York state election, 1936
1936 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Herbert H. Lehman M. William Bray Democratic,
American Labor 		2,970,575 53.45%
William F. Bleakley Ralph K. Robertson Republican 2,450,104 44.09%
Harry W. Laidler Herman J. Hahn Socialist 96,233 1.73%
Robert Minor Julian S. Sawyer Communist 40,406 0.73%
Main article: New York state election, 1934
1934 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Herbert H. Lehman M. William Bray Democratic 2,201,729 58.01%
Robert Moses Fred James Douglas Republican 1,393,638 36.72%
Charles Solomon Herman Kobbe Socialist 126,580 3.34%
Israel Amter William J. Burroughs Communist 45,878 1.21%
William F. Varney James F. Luckey Law Preservation 20,449 0.54%
Aaron M. Orange Emil F. Teichert Socialist Labor 7,225 0.19%
Main article: New York state election, 1932
1932 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Herbert H. Lehman M. William Bray Democratic 2,659,519 56.69%
William J. Donovan F. Trubee Davison Republican 1,812,080 38.62%
Louis Waldman Charles W. Noonan Socialist 102,959 2.19%
John F. Vichert H. Westlake Coon Law Preservation 83,452 1.78%
Israel Amter Henry Shepard Communist 26,407 0.56%
Aaron M. Orange Emil F. Teichert Socialist Labor 7,233 0.15%
Main article: New York state election, 1930
1930 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Franklin D. Roosevelt Herbert H. Lehman Democratic 1,770,342 56.49%
Charles H. Tuttle Caleb Howard Baumes Republican 1,045,341 33.36%
Robert Paris Carroll (none) Law Preservation 190,666 6.08%
Louis Waldman Elizabeth C. Roth Socialist 100,444 3.21%
William Z. Foster J. Louis Engdahl Communist 18,034 0.58%
Jeremiah D. Crowley Charles M. Carlson Socialist Labor 9,096 0.29%
Main article: New York state election, 1928
1928 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Franklin D. Roosevelt Herbert H. Lehman Democratic 2,130,193 48.96%
Albert Ottinger Charles C. Lockwood Republican 2,104,129 48.36%
Louis Waldman Herman J. Hahn Socialist 101,859 2.34%
William F. Dunne Franklin P. Brill Workers 10,741 0.25%
Charles H. Corregan John E. DeLee Socialist Labor 4,213 0.10%
Main article: New York state election, 1926
1926 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Alfred E. Smith Edwin Corning Democratic 1,523,813 52.13%
Ogden L. Mills Seymour Lowman Republican 1,276,137 43.80%
Jacob Panken August Claessens Socialist 83,481 2.87%
Charles E. Manierre Ella L. McCarthy Prohibition 21,285 0.73%
Benjamin Gitlow Franklin P. Brill Workers 5,507 0.19%
Jeremiah D. Crowley John E. DeLee Socialist Labor 3,553 0.12%
Main article: New York state election, 1924
1924 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Alfred E. Smith George R. Lunn Democratic 1,627,111 49.96%
Theodore Roosevelt Jr. Seymour Lowman Republican 1,518,552 46.63%
Norman Mattoon Thomas Charles Solomon Socialist 99,854 3.07%
James P. Cannon Franklin P. Brill Workers 6,395 0.20%
Frank E. Passanno Milton Weinberger Socialist Labor 4,931 0.15%

Note: This was the last time the running mate of the elected governor was defeated, Democrat Smith having Republican Lowman as lieutenant for the duration of this term.

Main article: New York state election, 1922
1922 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Alfred E. Smith George R. Lunn Democratic 1,397,670 55.22%
Nathan L. Miller William J. Donovan Republican 1,011,725 39.98%
Edward F. Cassidy Theresa B. Wiley Socialist,
Farmer–Labor 		108,136 4.27%
George K. Hinds William C. Ramsdell Prohibition 9,561 0.38%
Jeremiah D. Crowley John E. DeLee Socialist Labor 3,799 0.15%
Main article: New York state election, 1920
1920 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Nathan L. Miller Jeremiah Wood Republican 1,335,878 46.58%
Alfred E. Smith George R. Fitts Democratic 1,261,812 44.00%
Joseph D. Cannon Jessie Wallace Hughan Socialist 159,804 5.57%
Dudley Field Malone Robert E. Haffey Farmer–Labor 69,908 2.44%
George F. Thompson Edward G. Dietrich Prohibition 35,509 1.24%
John P. Quinn Jeremiah D. Crowley Social Labor 5,015 0.17%

Notes:

  • [5] List of candidates, in NYT on September 13, 1920
  • [6] List of candidates, in NYT on October 27, 1920
Main article: New York state election, 1918
1918 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Alfred E. Smith Harry C. Walker Democratic 1,009,936 47.37%
Charles S. Whitman Edward Schoeneck (Republican),
Mamie W. Colvin (Prohibition) 		Republican,
Prohibition 		995,094 46.68%
Charles Wesley Ervin Ella Reeve Bloor Socialist 121,705 5.71%
Olive M. Johnson August Gillhaus Socialist Labor 5,183 0.24%

Notes:

  • This was the first time women voted for governor of New York, and Alfred E. Smith was the first governor elected with more than 1 million votes.
  • Election result in NYT on December 31, 1918
Main article: New York state election, 1916
1916 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Charles S. Whitman Edward Schoeneck (Republican),
L. Bradley Dorr (Progressive),
Thomas J. Kreuzer (American) 		Republican,
Progressive,
American 		850,020 52.63%
Samuel Seabury Thomas J. Kreuzer Democratic 686.862 42.53%
Algernon Lee Stephen J. Mahoney Socialist 52,560 3.25%
Charles E. Welch Clarence Z. Spriggs Prohibition 21,773 1.35%
Jeremiah D. Crowley Boris Reinstein Socialist Labor 3,847 0.24%
Main article: New York state election, 1914
1914 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Charles S. Whitman Edward Schoeneck Republican 686,701 47.69%
Martin H. Glynn Thomas B. Lockwood Democratic,
Independence League 		541,269 37.59%
William Sulzer Charles E. Welch American,
Prohibition 		126,270 8.77%
Frederick Morgan Davenport Chauncey J. Hamlin Progressive 45,586 3.17%
Gustave Adolph Strebel Stephen J. Mahoney Socialist 37,793 2.62%
James F. Hunter Jeremiah D. Crowley Socialist Labor 2,350 0.16%

Note: William Sulzer had been elected governor as a Democrat at the previous election, but was impeached. Martin Glynn had been elected Lt. Gov and succeeded to the governorship upon Sulzer's impeachment.

Main article: New York state election, 1912
1912 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
William Sulzer Martin H. Glynn Democratic 649,559 41.46%
Job E. Hedges James W. Wadsworth Jr. Republican 444,105 28.35%
Oscar Solomon Straus Frederick Morgan Davenport Independence League,
Progressive 		393,183 25.10%
Charles Edward Russell Gustave A. Strebel Socialist 56,917 3.63%
T. Alexander MacNicholl Clark Allis Prohibition 18,990 1.21%
John Hall Jeremiah D. Crowley Socialist Labor 3,792 0.24%
Main article: New York state election, 1910
1910 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
John Alden Dix Thomas F. Conway Democratic 689,700 48.00%
Henry L. Stimson Edward Schoeneck Republican 622,299 43.31%
Charles Edward Russell Gustave A. Strebel Socialist 48,529 3.38%
John J. Hopper William Randolph Hearst Independence League 48,470 3.37%
T. Alexander MacNicholl Calvin McCarthy Prohibition 22,295 1.55%
Frank E. Passanno James F. Hunter Socialist Labor 5,717 0.40%

Note: election result, in NYT on December 16, 1910

Main article: New York state election, 1908
1908 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Charles Evans Hughes Horace White Republican 804,651 49.08%
Lewis S. Chanler John Alden Dix Democratic 735,189 44.84%
Clarence J. Shearn Daniel W. Finnimore Independence League 43,212 2.64%
Joshua Wanhope Gustave A. Strebel Socialist 33,994 2.07%
George E. Stockwell Marshall A. Hudson Prohibition 18,802 1.15%
Leander A. Armstrong Frank E. Passanno Socialist Labor 3,655 0.22%
Main article: New York state election, 1906
1906 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Charles Evans Hughes M. Linn Bruce Republican 749,002 50.52%
William Randolph Hearst Lewis S. Chanler Democratic,
Independence League 		691,105 46.62%
John C. Chase Gustave A. Strebel Socialist 21,751 1.47%
Henry M. Randall Freeman H. Bettys Prohibition 15,985 1.08%
Thomas H. Jackson Frank E. Passanno Socialist Labor 4,624 0.31%
Main article: New York state election, 1904
1904 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Frank W. Higgins M. Linn Bruce Republican 813,264 50.27%
D. Cady Herrick Francis B. Harrison Democratic 732,704 45.29%
Thomas Pendergast Charles R. Bach Social Democratic 36,259 2.24%
John McKee Alden W. Young Prohibition 20,568 1.27%
Daniel De Leon Boris Reinstein Socialist Labor 8,976 0.55%
Alfred J. Boulton Charles Spaulding People's Party 6,015 0.37%
Main article: New York state election, 1902
1902 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Benjamin B. Odell Jr. Frank W. Higgins Republican 665,150 48.09%
Bird Sim Coler Charles N. Bulger Democratic 656,347 47.45%
Benjamin Hanford William Thurston Brown Social Democratic 23,400 1.69%
Alfred Lee Manierre John A. Hartman Prohibition 20,490 1.48%
Daniel De Leon Socialist Labor 15,886 1.15%
Edgar Lee Ryder J. C. Corbin Liberal Democratic 1,894 0.14%
Main article: New York state election, 1900
1900 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Benjamin B. Odell Jr. Timothy L. Woodruff Republican 804,859 51.97%
John B. Stanchfield William F. Mackey Democratic 693,733 44.80%
William T. Wardwell Albert J. Rumsey Prohibition 22,704 1.47%
Charles H. Corregan Leander A. Armstrong Socialist Labor 13,762 0.89%
Benjamin Hanford William Butscher Social Democratic 13,493 0.87%
Main article: New York state election, 1898
1898 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Theodore Roosevelt Timothy L. Woodruff Republican 661,707 49.02%
Augustus Van Wyck Elliott Danforth Democratic 643,921 47.70%
Benjamin Hanford Leander A. Armstrong Socialist Labor 23,860 1.77%
John Kline John A. Sayles Prohibition 18,383 1.36%
Theodore Bacon Thomas M. Osborne Citizens Union 2,103 0.16%
Main article: New York state election, 1896
1896 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Frank S. Black Timothy L. Woodruff Republican 787,516 52.63%
Wilbur F. Porter Frederick C. Schraub Democratic,
People's 		574,524 40.33%
Daniel G. Griffin Frederick W. Hinrichs National Democratic 26,698 1.87%
Howard Balkam Frederick Bennets Socialist Labor 18,362 1.29%
William W. Smith Charles E. Latimer Prohibition 17,419 1.22%

Note: The majority faction of the Democratic Party were then known as "Silver Democrats", and the "National Democrats" were the "Gold Democrats".[19]

Main article: New York state election, 1894
1894 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Levi P. Morton Charles T. Saxton Republican 673,818 47.69%
David B. Hill Daniel N. Lockwood Democratic 517,710 40.79%
Everett P. Wheeler Daniel N. Lockwood Democratic Reform 27,202 2.14%
Francis E. Baldwin Justus Miller Prohibition 23,525 1.85%
Charles H. Matchett William F. Steer Socialist Labor 15,868 1.25%
Charles B. Matthews Robert C. Hewson People's 11,049 0.87%

Notes:

1876-1891

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Gubernatorial elections under the State Constitution of 1846, amended in 1874. The term was three years.

Main article: New York state election, 1891
1891 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Roswell P. Flower William F. Sheehan Democratic 582,893 50.13%
Jacob S. Fassett John W. Vrooman Republican 534,956 46.00%
Joseph W. Bruce George W. Hallock (d. 1895)[20] Prohibition 30,353 2.61%
Daniel DeLeon Frank Gesser Socialist Labor 14,651 1.26%
Main article: New York state election, 1888
1888 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
David B. Hill Edward F. Jones Democratic 650,464 49.45%
Warner Miller Stephen Van Rensselaer Cruger (Republican),
John H. Blakeney (United Labor);[21][22] 		Republican,
United Labor Party 		631,293 48.00%
W. Martin Jones George F. Powell Prohibition 30,215 2.30%
J. Edward Hall Christian Pattberg Socialist Labor[23] 3,348 0.25%
Main article: New York state election, 1885
1885 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
David B. Hill Edward F. Jones Democratic 501,465 48.93%
Ira Davenport Joseph Bradford Carr Republican 490,331 47.85%
Henry Clay Bascom W. Jennings Demorest Prohibition 30,867 3.01%
George O. Jones Lyman W. Gage National Greenback-Labor 2,130 0.21%
Main article: New York state election, 1882
1882 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Grover Cleveland David B. Hill Democratic 535,318 58.47%
Charles J. Folger B. Platt Carpenter Republican 342,464 37.41%
Alphonso A. Hopkins William H. Boole Prohibition 25,783 2.82%
Epenetus Howe James Allen National Greenback-Labor 11,974 1.31%
Main article: New York state election, 1879
1879 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Alonzo B. Cornell George Gilbert Hoskins Republican 418,567
Lucius Robinson Clarkson N. Potter Democratic 375,790
John Kelly Clarkson N. Potter (Tammany Hall),
John M. Wieting (Working Men),
Robert W. Hume (Jeffersonian Democratic) 		Tammany Hall,
Working Men,
Jeffersonian Democratic 		77,566
Harris Lewis John M. Wieting Greenback-Labor 20,286
John W. Mears James H. Bronson Prohibition 4,437
Caleb Pink Osborne Ward Socialist Labor
  • The tickets: [7] in NYT on November 3, 1879
Main article: New York state election, 1876
1876 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Lucius Robinson William Dorsheimer Democratic 519,831 51.97%
Edwin D. Morgan Sherman S. Rogers Republican 489,371 48.26%
William J. Groo Albert F. Brown Prohibition 3,412 0.34%
Richard Montgomery Griffin[24] Thomas Armstrong[25] Greenback 1,436 0.14%
  • The tickets: [8] in NYT on November 2, 1876
  • The Greenback convention: [9] in NYT on September 27, 1876

1847-1874

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Gubernatorial elections under the State Constitution of 1846. The term was two years.

Main article: New York state election, 1874
1874 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Samuel Jones Tilden William Dorsheimer Democratic 416,391 52.43%
John Adams Dix John Cleveland Robinson Republican 366,074 46.09%
Myron Holley Clark James L. Bagg[26] Prohibition 11,768 1.48%
Main article: New York state election, 1872
1872 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
John Adams Dix John Cleveland Robinson Republican 445,801 53.19%
Francis Kernan Chauncey M. Depew Democratic,
Liberal Republican 		392,350 46.81%
Main article: New York state election, 1870
1870 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
John Thompson Hoffman Allen C. Beach Democratic 399,490 52.19%
Stewart L. Woodford Sigismund Kaufman Republican 366,424 47.84%

The tickets: [10] in NYT on October 30, 1870

Main article: New York state election, 1868
1868 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
John Thompson Hoffman Allen C. Beach Democratic 439,301 51.64%
John Augustus Griswold Alonzo B. Cornell Republican 48.36%
Main article: New York state election, 1866
1866 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Reuben E. Fenton Stewart L. Woodford Republican 366,315 50.96%
John Thompson Hoffman Robert H. Pruyn Conservative Union 352,526 49.04%

Note: John T. Hoffman was a Democrat, Robert H. Pruyn a Republican. The "Conservative Union" ticket was nominated by the Democrats in an attempt to attract Republicans, especially Democrats who had joined the Republican Union and remained Republicans after the Civil War, to return to the Democratic Party.[27]

Main article: New York state election, 1864
1864 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Reuben E. Fenton Thomas G. Alvord Republican Union 369,557 50.57%
Horatio Seymour David R. Floyd-Jones Democratic 361,264 49.43%
Main article: New York state election, 1862
1862 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Horatio Seymour David R. Floyd-Jones Democratic 306,649 50.89%
James S. Wadsworth Lyman Tremain Republican Union 295,897 49.11%

Note:

  • Horatio Seymour was the candidate of the Democratic Party that wanted to end the war.[28]
  • James Wadsworth was a Republican, Lyman Tremain a pre-war Democrat, nominated by the Republican Union in which the Republican Party was joined by the War Democrats who supported Lincoln and the Union.
  • The total of ballots cast were more than 70,000 less than in the previous election because the soldiers in the field were not allowed to vote.[citation needed]
Main article: New York state election, 1860
1860 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Edwin D. Morgan Robert Campbell Republican 358,272 53.24%
William Kelly William C. Crain Douglas Democracy 294,812 43.81%
James T. Brady Henry K. Viele Breckinridge Democracy 19,841 2.95%

Note:

  • William Kelly was the candidate of the majority faction of the Democratic Party which supported Stephen A. Douglas for President.[29]
  • James T. Brady was a member of Tammany Hall, nominated by the minority faction of the Democratic Party which supported John C. Breckinridge for President.[30]
Main article: New York state election, 1858
1858 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Edwin D. Morgan Robert Campbell Republican 257,953 45.49%
Amasa J. Parker John J. Taylor Democratic 230,513 42.29%
Lorenzo Burrows Nathaniel S. Benton American 61,137 11.22%
Gerrit Smith Sidney A. Beers Abolitionist[31] 5,470 1.00%
Main article: New York state election, 1856
1856 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
John Alsop King Henry R. Selden Republican 264,400 44.52%
Amasa J. Parker John Vanderbilt Democratic 198,616 33.44%
Erastus Brooks Lyman Odell American 130,870 22.04%
Main article: New York state election, 1854
1854 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Myron H. Clark Henry J. Raymond (Whig, Anti-Nebraska, Temperance),
Bradford R. Wood (Anti-Rent, Free Democratic) 		Whig,
Anti-Nebraska,
Anti-Rent,
Free Democratic,
Temperance 		156,804 33.38%
Horatio Seymour William H. Ludlow Democratic (Soft) 156,495 33.32%
Daniel Ullmann Gustavus Adolphus Scroggs American 122,282 26.03%
Greene C. Bronson Elijah Ford Democratic (Hard) 33,850 7.21%
William Goodell Austin Ward Liberty 289 0.06%

Notes:

  • Result: [11] Official State Canvass in NYT on December 21, 1854 (William Goodell's votes were counted among the "scattering votes").
  • Myron H. Clark won this election with the lowest percentage ever in NY Gov. elections, nominated by the Whigs (of which party he was a member), and endorsed by the Anti-Nebraska Party[32] (which merged in 1855 with the Whigs to form the Republican Party), the Anti-Rent Party,[33] the "Free Democrats"[34] (the remnants of the Free-Soil Party with radical anti-slavery Democrats), and the supporters of Temperance.[35]
  • The "Soft" or "Soft-shell" candidate was the choice of the majority faction of the Democratic Party.
  • The American Party was called "Know Nothing" in contemporaneous newspapers.
  • The "National Democracy" (a faction of the Democratic Party) were called "Hards" or "Hard-shells" by contemporaneous newspapers.
  • Liberty Party convention [12] in NYT on September 29, 1854
Main article: New York state election, 1852
1852 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Horatio Seymour Sanford E. Church Democratic 264,121 50.31%
Washington Hunt William Kent Whig 241,525 46.01%
Minthorne Tompkins Seth Merrill Gates Free Democratic 19,296 3.68%
Main article: New York state election, 1850
1850 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Washington Hunt George J. Cornell (Whig)
Sanford E. Church (Anti-Rent) 		Whig,
Anti-Rent 		214,614 49.64%
Horatio Seymour Sanford E. Church Democratic 214,352 49.57%
William L. Chaplin Joseph Plumb 1791–1870) Liberty 3,416 0.79%
Main article: New York state election, 1848
1848 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Hamilton Fish George Washington Patterson Whig 218,776 47.56%
John Adams Dix Seth Merrill Gates Democratic (Barnburner),
Free Soil 		122,811 26.70%
Reuben H. Walworth Charles O'Conor Democratic (Hunker) 116,811 25.39%
William Goodell Robert Anderson Liberty 1,593 0.35%
Main article: New York state election, 1847
1847 special election results
Lieutenant Governor candidate Party Votes
Hamilton Fish Whig 170,072 52.63%
Nathan Dayton Democratic 139,623 43.21%
Charles O. Shepard Liberty,
Anti-Rent 		13,429 4.16%

Note:

  • At the first judicial election under the Constitution of 1846, Addison Gardiner was elected in June 1847 to the Court of Appeals, to take office on July 1, 1847. To fill the vacancy, on September 27, a special election was scheduled by the State Legislature to be held at the annual state election.[36]
  • Result Manual of the Corporation of the City of New York (1852)

1822-1846

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Gubernatorial elections under the State Constitution of 1821. The term was two years. Until 1840, elections were held during three days beginning on the first Monday in November. Since 1841, until today, all regular elections have been held on the Tuesday after the first Monday in November. The elected candidate takes office on January 1 of the following calendar year.

Main article: New York state election, 1846
1846 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
John Young Hamilton Fish (Whig)
Addison Gardiner (Anti-Rent) 		Whig,
Anti-Rent 		198,878 49.07%
Silas Wright Addison Gardiner Democratic 187,306 46.21%
Henry Bradley William L. Chaplin Liberty,
National Reform 		12,844 3.17%
Ogden Edwards George Folsom Native American 6,305 1.56%
Main article: New York state election, 1844
1844 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Silas Wright Addison Gardiner Democratic 241,090 49.48%
Millard Fillmore Samuel J. Wilkin Whig 231,057 47.42%
Alvan Stewart Charles O. Shepard Liberty 15,136 3.11%
Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1842
1842 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
William C. Bouck Daniel S. Dickinson Democratic 208,072 51.83%
Luther Bradish Gabriel Furman Whig 186,091 46.36%
Alvan Stewart Charles O. Shepard Liberty 7,263 1.81%
Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1840
1840 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
William H. Seward Luther Bradish Whig 222,011 50.29%
William C. Bouck Daniel S. Dickinson Democratic 216,808 49.11%
Gerrit Smith Charles O. Shepard Liberty 2,662 0.60%
Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1838
1838 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
William H. Seward Luther Bradish Whig 192,882 51.39%
William L. Marcy John Tracy Democratic 182,461 48.61%
Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1836
1836 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
William L. Marcy John Tracy Democratic 166,122 54.24%
Jesse Buel Gamaliel H. Barstow Whig 136,648 44.62%
Isaac S. Smith Moses Jaques Equal Rights 3,496 1.14%
Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1834
1834 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
William L. Marcy John Tracy Democratic 181,905 51.84%
William H. Seward Silas M. Stilwell Whig 168,969 48.16%
Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1832
1832 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
William L. Marcy John Tracy Democratic 166,410 51.51%
Francis Granger Samuel Stevens Anti-Masonic,
National Republican 		156,672 48.49%
Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1830
1830 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Enos T. Throop Edward Philip Livingston Democratic 128,842 51.22%
Francis Granger Samuel Stevens Anti-Masonic,
National Republican 		120,361 47.85%
Ezekiel Williams Isaac S. Smith Workingmen's 2,332 0.93%
Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1828
1828 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Martin Van Buren Enos T. Throop Democratic 136,794 49.46%
Smith Thompson Francis Granger National Republican 106,444 38.49%
Solomon Southwick John Crary Anti-Masonic 33,345 12.06%
Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1826
1826 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
DeWitt Clinton Henry Huntington Democratic-Republican (Clintonian) 99,785 50.93%
William B. Rochester Nathaniel Pitcher Democratic-Republican (Bucktails) 96,135 49.07%
Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1824
1824 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
DeWitt Clinton James Tallmadge Jr. People's 103,452 54.29%
Samuel Young Erastus Root Democratic-Republican 87,093 45.71%
Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1822
1822 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Joseph C. Yates Erastus Root (Bucktails),
Henry Huntington (Clintonian)[37] 		Democratic-Republican 128,293 97.78%
Solomon Southwick (none) Independent 2,913 2.22%

1777-1820

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Gubernatorial elections under the State Constitution of 1777. The term was three years, the election held in the last week of April or on May 1.

Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1820
1820 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
DeWitt Clinton John Tayler Democratic-Republican (Clintonian) 47,445 50.78%
Daniel D. Tompkins Benjamin Mooers Democratic-Republican (Bucktails) 45,990 49.22%

Note:

  • Tompkins was the sitting US Vice President.
  • DeWitt Clinton was legislated out of office on December 31, 1822.
Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1817
1817 special election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
DeWitt Clinton John Tayler Democratic-Republican 43,310 96.70%
Peter Buell Porter (none) Tammany Hall[38] 1,479 3.30%

Note: Governor Tompkins was elected US Vice President in November 1816, and he resigned in February 1817. Article XVII of the New York State Constitution of 1777 said that "...as often as the seat of government shall become vacant, a wise and descreet freeholder of this State shall be, by ballot, elected governor,... which elections shall be always held at the times and places of choosing representatives in assembly..." This meant that, whenever a vacancy occurred, the Lt. Gov. did not succeed to the governor's office but administrated the state only until the end of the yearly term of the New York State Assembly on June 30, the successor being elected in April.

Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1816
1816 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Daniel D. Tompkins John Tayler Democratic-Republican 45,412 54.02%
Rufus King George Tibbits Federalist 38,647 45.98%
Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1813
1813 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Daniel D. Tompkins John Tayler Democratic-Republican 43,324 52.17%
Stephen Van Rensselaer George Huntington Federalist 39,718 47.83%
Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1811
1811 special election results
Lieutenant Governor candidate Party Votes
DeWitt Clinton Democratic-Republican 32,747 50.37%
Nicholas Fish Federalist 29,046 44.68%
Marinus Willett Tammany Hall 3,218 4.95%

Note: Lt. Gov. Broome died in August 1810, and the 1777 Constitution provided for new elections if a vacancy occurred either in the Governor's or the Lieutenant Governor's office. See 1817 general election.

Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1810
1810 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Daniel D. Tompkins John Broome Democratic-Republican 43,094 54.15%
Jonas Platt Nicholas Fish Federalist 36,484 45.85%
Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1807
1807 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Daniel D. Tompkins John Broome Democratic-Republican (Clintonian) 35,074 53.09%
Morgan Lewis Thomas Storm Democratic-Republican (Lewisites) 30,989 46.91%
Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1804
1804 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
Morgan Lewis John Broome Democratic-Republican (Clintonian) 30,829 58.20%
Aaron Burr Oliver Phelps Democratic-Republican (Tammany Hall)
Federalist 		22,139 41.80%

Note: Aaron Burr was the sitting US Vice President.

Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1801
1801 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
George Clinton Jeremiah Van Rensselaer Democratic-Republican 24,808 54.34%
Stephen Van Rensselaer James Watson Federalist 20,843 45.66%
Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1798
1798 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
John Jay Stephen Van Rensselaer Federalist 16,012 54.01%
Robert R. Livingston Stephen Van Rensselaer Democratic-Republican 13,632 45.99%
Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1795
1795 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
John Jay Stephen Van Rensselaer Federalist 13,479 53.14%
Robert Yates William Floyd Democratic-Republican 11,884 46.86%
Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1792
1792 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
George Clinton Pierre Van Cortlandt Democratic-Republican 8,440 50.32%
John Jay Stephen Van Rensselaer Federalist 8,332 49.68%

Note: John Jay received more votes than George Clinton, but on technicalities the votes of Otsego, Tioga and Clinton counties were disqualified and not counted, giving Clinton a slight majority. Under the Constitution of 1777, the votes were canvassed by a joint committee of the state legislature, six members each from the assembly and the senate. The members were David Gelston, Thomas Tillotson, Melancton Smith, David Graham, Pierre Van Cortlandt Jr., David McCarty, Jonathan N. Havens, Samuel Jones, Isaac Roosevelt, Leonard Gansevoort, and Joshua Sands. The state constitution said that the cast votes shall be delivered to the secretary of state "by the sheriff or his deputy". The ballots from Otsego County were forwarded to the secretary of state by Sheriff Smith who was holding over in office until the appointment of a successor after his term had expired. The ballot box from Clinton County was delivered to the secretary of state's office by a person without deputation who had received the box from the sheriff. The ballot box from Tioga County was delivered to the secretary of state by the clerk of the special deputy appointed by the sheriff. The canvass committee disagreed on whether to allow these ballots to be counted. The question was referred to the U.S. Senators from New York, Federalist Rufus King and Dem.-Rep. Aaron Burr, for arbitration. King said all votes ought to be canvassed. Burr said that the ballots from Clinton County ought to be allowed, and the ones from Otsego and Tioga Counties should be rejected. Thereupon, a majority of the canvass committee (Gelston, Tillotson, Smith, Graham, Van Cortlandt, McCarty, and Havens) rejected the ballots from all three counties and declared George Clinton duly elected governor by a majority of 108 votes. The minority (Jones, Roosevelt, Gansevoort, and Sands) protested in writing. In Otsego County, John Jay had a majority of about 400, and discounting the small majorities for Clinton in Tioga and Clinton Counties, would have won the election. Clinton was accused by the Federalists of usurpation and the canvass committee of having made a partisan decision against the wishes of the electorate.[39]

Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1789
1789 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Party Votes
George Clinton Pierre Van Cortlandt Democratic-Republican 6,391 51.74%
Robert Yates Pierre Van Cortlandt Federalist 5,962 48.26%
Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1786
1786 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Votes
George Clinton Pierre Van Cortlandt 100%

Note: Clinton and Van Cortlandt were re-elected unopposed.

Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1783
1783 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Votes
George Clinton Pierre Van Cortlandt 3,584 75.50%
Philip Schuyler 643 13.55%
Ephraim Paine 520 10.95%
Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1780
1780 general election results
Governor candidate Running mate Votes
George Clinton Pierre Van Cortlandt 3,624 100%

Note: Clinton and Van Cortlandt were re-elected unopposed.

1778 special election results
Lieutenant Governor candidate Votes
Pierre Van Cortlandt
Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 1777
1777 general election results
Governor candidate Votes Lieutenant Governor candidate Votes
George Clinton 1,828 48.44% George Clinton 1,647 47.15%
Philip Schuyler 1,199 31.77% Pierre Van Cortlandt 1,098 31.43%
John Morin Scott 368 9.75% Abraham Ten Broeck 748 21.41%
John Jay 367 9.72%
Robert R. Livingston 7 0.19%
Philip Livingston 5 0.13%

Notes:

  • The election began on June 1, but due to the Revolutionary War it took some time to collect and count the votes, and the official result was announced on July 9. George Clinton accepted the office of Governor on July 11 and assumed its duties immediately, pending taking the oath as soon as he could safely leave his military command.
  • There were no parties yet; the Democratic-Republican and Federalist Parties appeared only in 1789, and until then the candidacies were personal. Besides, the candidates for Governor and Lieutenant Governor were not "running mates"; all candidates were voted for independently.
  • The Committee of Safety (the governing body of the State of New York after the Constitutional Convention adjourned) endorsed Philip Schuyler for Governor and George Clinton for Lieutenant Governor, which led to Clinton's receiving votes for both offices and actually winning both. Clinton formally resigned the lieutenant governorship and Pierre Van Cortlandt was elected lieutenant governor in a special election in 1778.[40]

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ 4,985,932 ballots were cast in this election. Out of them, 250,696 were declared blank, void or missing.
  2. ^ Prior to 2018, this election had the highest number of votes ever received by any Governor of NY.

References

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  1. ^ "List of Governors of New York: Find out what they do". Jagranjosh.com. 2022-11-21. Retrieved 2023-01-15.
  2. ^ "New York State Unofficial Election Night Results". NY State Board of Elections.
  3. ^ "2018 Election Results | New York State Board of Elections". www.elections.ny.gov. Archived from the original on 2021-09-08. Retrieved 2021-02-22.
  4. ^ "NYS Board of Elections Unofficial Election Night Results". New York State Board of Elections. Archived from the original on 7 November 2013. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  5. ^ "General Election Results". New York State Board of Elections. December 13, 2010. Archived from the original on January 8, 2012. Retrieved December 14, 2010.
  6. ^ http://www.elections.ny.gov/NYSBOE/elections/2006/general/2006_gov.pdf Archived 2012-08-22 at the Wayback Machine [bare URL PDF]
  7. ^ http://www.elections.ny.gov/NYSBOE/elections/2002/general/2002_gov.pdf Archived 2013-11-05 at the Wayback Machine [bare URL PDF]
  8. ^ Perez-Pena, Richard (November 4, 1998). "THE 1998 ELECTIONS: NEW YORK STATE -- THE GOVERNOR; Pataki Wins Election to a Second Term by a Hefty Margin". The New York Times.
  9. ^ "Vote Cast for Governor and Lieutenant Governor by Party of Candidates New York State by County" (PDF). November 8, 1994.
  10. ^ Kolbert, Elizabeth (November 7, 1990). "The 1990 Elections: New York - Cuomo's Re-election Unchallenged Victor; A Mismatched Race Against Rinfret Left the Governor Largely Untested". The New York Times.
  11. ^ "Gov. Mario Cuomo's landslide re-election victory over Republican Andrew O'Rourke". November 5, 1986.
  12. ^ "A Classic Left vs. Right Battle". The Washington Post. November 1, 1982.
  13. ^ "1978 New York Governor Race Results".
  14. ^ "State Certifies Election Results; Carey's Margin Put at 808,836". The New York Times. December 10, 1974.
  15. ^ "4-TERM GOVERNOR". The New York Times. November 4, 1970.
  16. ^ "Gubernatorial General Election Results - New York".
  17. ^ "The 1962 Election Results".
  18. ^ "Democrats Sweep 1958 Elections; Will Have 64 Senators, 283 Representatives, 35 Governors".
  19. ^ The candidates for state offices, in NYT on November 1, 1896
  20. ^ death notice in NYT on February 11, 1895
  21. ^ United Labor nomination in NYT on September 21, 1888 (name given erroneously as James H. Blakely)
  22. ^ Appleton's Cyclopedia 1889) (giving John H. Blakeney)
  23. ^ Socialist Labor ticket in NYT on October 22, 1888 (giving erroneously "Edward J. Hall")
  24. ^ [1] Death notice in NYT on September 24, 1899
  25. ^ [2] His life and his will, in NYT on December 1, 1899
  26. ^ [3] Obit in NYT on February 13, 1901
  27. ^ The Conservative Union state convention opens in NYT on September 11, 1866
  28. ^ The Democratic state convention in NYT on September 11, 1862
  29. ^ The Democratic candidate accepts in NYT on September 11, 1860
  30. ^ The Breckinridge and Lane Democratic state convention in NYT on August 9, 1860
  31. ^ Smith was nominated by a "State Convention of the Friends of Gerrit Smith" [4] in NYT on August 6, 1858
  32. ^ The Anti-Nebraska state convention in NYT on October 30, 1854
  33. ^ The Anti-Rent state convention in NYT on October 27, 1854
  34. ^ The Free-Soil Democratic state convention opens in NYT on September 26, 1854
  35. ^ The Temperance state convention in NYT on September 28, 1854
  36. ^ Google Books The New York Civil List compiled by Franklin Benjamin Hough (page 32; Weed, Parsons and Co., 1858)]
  37. ^ De Witt Clinton and the Rise of the People's Men by Craig Hanyan, Mary L. Hanyan (McGill-Queen's Press – MQUP, 1996, ISBN 0-7735-1434-1, ISBN 978-0-7735-1434-8, page 42)
  38. ^ History of Political Parties in the State of New-York by John Stilwell Jenkins (Alden & Markham, Auburn NY, 1846; page 195)
  39. ^ History of Political Parties in the State of New-York by John S. Jenkins (pages 43ff; Alden & Markham, Auburn NY, 1846)
  40. ^ George Clinton: Yeoman Politician of the New Republic by John P. Kaminski, New York State Commission on the Bicentennial of the United States Constitution, University of Wisconsin-Madison Center for the Study of the American Constitution (Rowman & Littlefield, 1993, ISBN 0-945612-17-6, ISBN 978-0-945612-17-9, page 24)

Further reading

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Sources

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