Mutakkil-Nusku, inscribed mmu-ta/tak-kil-dPA.KU (meaning "he whom Nusku endows with confidence") was king of Assyria briefly c. 1132 BC, during a period of political decline. He reigned sufficiently long to be the recipient of a letter or letters from the Babylonian king, presumed to be Ninurta-nādin-šumi, in which he was lambasted and derided.
| Mutakkil-Nusku | |
|---|---|
| King of Assyria | |
| King of the Middle Assyrian Empire | |
| Reign | c. 1132 BC[1] |
| Predecessor | Ninurta-tukulti-Ashur |
| Successor | Ashur-resh-ishi I |
| Issue | Ashur-resh-ishi I |
| Father | Ashur-Dan I |
Reign
editUsurpation
editHe appears on the Khorsabad Kinglist[i 1] which relates that “Mutakkil-Nusku, his (Ninurta-tukultī-Aššur’s) brother, fought against him. He drove him to Karduniaš (Babylonia).” Contemporary evidence suggests that Ninurta-tukultī-Aššur sought sanctuary in the border town of Sišil, where Mutakkil-Nusku’s forces engaged him in battle, the outcome of which is lost.[2]
He was a younger son of the long-reigning king, Aššur-dān I (c. 1179 to 1134 BC) and succeeded his brother Ninurta-tukultī-Aššur, whom he ousted in a coup and subsequently went on to fight in a civil war that seems to have pitched the Assyrian heartland against its provinces.
The fragments of one or perhaps two Middle Assyrian letters exist,[i 2] from an unnamed Babylonian king, possibly Ninurta-nādin-šumi, to Mutakkil-Nusku, where he is told that "You should act according to your heart (ki libbika).” The text lambastes him for failing to keep an appointment, or a challenge, in Zaqqa and seems to confirm that Ninurta-tukultī-Aššur had reached exile in Babylonia.[3]
Death
editHis victory was short-lived as ṭuppišu Mutakkil-Nusku kussâ ukta'il KUR-a e-mid, “(he) held the throne for ṭuppišu (his tablet), then died,” perhaps his inaugural year and part way into his first year only.[4] One interpretation suggests this was while his father still nominally ruled.[5] Apart from a brief economic text concerning 100 sheep of Mutakkil-Nusku, without a royal title, and his appearance in the genealogies of his descendants such as one of his sons, Aššur-rēša-iši I,[3] there are no other extant inscriptions.[5]
Inscriptions
editReferences
edit- ^ Chen, Fei (2020). "Appendix I: A List of Assyrian Kings". Study on the Synchronistic King List from Ashur. Leiden: BRILL. ISBN 978-9004430914.
- ^ Jaume Llop, A. R. George (2001). "Die babylonisch-assyrischen Beziehungen und die innere Lage Assyriens in der Zeit der Auseinandersetzung zwischen Ninurta-tukulti-Aššur und Mutakkil-Nusku nach neuen keilschriftlichen Quellen". Archiv für Orientforschung. 48–49: 1–20.
- ^ a b A. K. Grayson (1972). Assyrian Royal Inscriptions, Volume 1. Otto Harrassowitz. pp. 144–146, 149–152.
- ^ Heather D. Baker (2010). "The meaning of ṭuppi". 104 (1). Revue d'Assyriologie: 131–162.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ a b J. A. Brinkman (1999). "Mutakkil-Nusku". In D. O. Edzard (ed.). Reallexikon Reallexikon der Assyriologie und Vorderasiatischen Archäologie: Meek – Mythologie. Walter De Gruyter. p. 500.