Mohammed Abdel Wahab

Mohammed Abdel Wahab
ON
ORE
OME
Mohammed Abdel Wahab ON; ORE; OME
	Mehammad Abdelwahab with a mandolin
Background information
Born	March 13, 1898; Cairo, Khedivate of Egypt
Origin	Egypt
Died	May 4, 1991 (aged 93); Cairo, Egypt
Genres	Egyptian music
Occupations	Singer; composer; actor;
Instruments	Vocals; oud;
Years active	1917–1991
Labels	Mazzika
Website	www.abdel-wahab.com

Mohamed Abdel Wahab (Egyptian Arabic: محمد عبد الوهاب), also transliterated Mehammad Abdelwehab, Egyptian Arabic pronunciation: [mæˈħam.mæd ʕæbd el wæhæːb] (March 13, 1902 – May 4, 1991), was a prominent 20th-century Egyptian singer, actor, and composer. He is best known for his Romantic and Egyptian patriotic songs.

He was known for his Egyptian nationalist and revolutionary songs like "Ya Masr Tamm Elhana" (O Egypt, happiness is here), "Hayy Ala Elfalah" (The call of duty), "Elwatan Elakbar" (The Greatest Homeland), "Masr Nadetna fa labbena Elnedaa" (Egypt Called us and we Have Answered), "Ulo le Masr" (Tell Egypt), "Hobb Elwatan Fard Alayya" (Patriotism is my Obligation), "Sot Elgamahir" (Voice of the Masses), "Ya Nesmet Elhorriyya" (O The Breeze of Freedom), "Sawa'ed men Beladi" (Arms from My Country).

He also composed the national anthem of Libya which was adopted from 1951 to 1969 and again since 2011.^[1]^[2]

Life

Egyptian singer and composer Mohammed Abdel Wahab Statue at Bab El-Shariya square, Cairo

Mohamed Abdel Wahab was born in 1898 in Cairo, Egypt,^[3] in a neighborhood called Bab El-Sheriyah, where there is now a statue of him. He began his singing career at an early age and made his first public performances at age seven at local productions. He was 13 when he made his first recording. Mohamed Abdel Wahab was a very close friend to compatriot singer Abdel Halim Hafez.

Film career

Publicity still for the Egyptian film Mamnou'a el hub (1942).

In 1933, Abdel Wahab began composing his own style of Egyptian film musical after visiting Paris and familiarizing himself with French musical film.^[4] He introduced a lighthearted genre of musical film to Egyptian culture eventually composing eight musical comedies between 1933 and 1949. His films portrayed Western social elite and included music that veered off from the traditional Egyptian tune. He starred in his 1933 film The White Rose which broke records in attendance and still plays frequently in Egyptian theaters. In 1950 Abdel Wahab left film to focus on being a more profound singer.

Contribution to Egyptian and Arabic music

Abdel Wahab composed more than 1820 songs.^[4] Abdel Wahab is considered to be one of the most innovative Egyptian musicians of all time, laying the foundation for a new era of Egyptian music with his use of non-local rhythms and refined oud playing.

Despite the fact that Abdel Wahab composed many songs and musical pieces of classical Arabic music, he was notably criticized for his orientation to Western music. In fact, he introduced Western rhythms to Egyptian songs in a way appropriate to the known then very classical forms of Egyptian songs. For example, in 1941, he introduced a waltz rhythm in his song "El Gandol," and, in 1957, he introduced a rock and roll rhythm in Abdel Halim Hafez's song "Ya Albi Ya Khali". In 1950s, he also produced a infamous Palestinian nationalist song, "Akhi Jawiz Alzaalimun Almadaa" (Brothers, the oppresors has gone to far).

He composed some of the best hits of Nagat El Saghira, including four poems by Nizar Qabbani.

Abdel Wahab played oud before the prominent Egyptian poet, Ahmed Shawqi, and acted in several movies. He composed ten songs for Umm Kulthum. He was the first Egyptian singer to move from silent-era acting to singing.^[5]

Abdel Wahab also composed songs for the Lebanese icon Fairuz^[6] whom he famously called "Our Ambassador to the Stars"^[7] and stated in 1958 that he was the leader of her fan club in Cairo.^[8]

Death

Mohamed Abdel Wahab died in his hometown Cairo, Egypt of a stroke on May 4, 1991.^[3]

Legacy

Abdel Wahab was fundamental in establishing a new era of Egyptian music in his homeland and across the Arab world. He also left a mark on the Western world by exposing Egyptian music to Western classical and popular traditions.

He composed Libya, Libya, Libya, the Libyan national anthems.^[2]

Tribute

On March 13, 2012, Google celebrated his 110th birthday with a Google Doodle.^[9]

Filmography

As actor

The White Rose (1933)
Doumou' el Hub (Love's Tears) (1936)
Yahya el Hub (Long Live Love) (1938)
Yawm Sa'id (Happy Day) (1939)
Mamnou'a el Hub (Love Is Forbidden) (1942)
Rossassa Fel Qalb (A Bullet in the Heart) (1944)
Lastu Mallakan (I'm No Angel) (1947)
Ghazal Al Banat (The Flirtation of Girls) (1949)

Honours

Egyptian national honours

Ribbon bar	Honour
	Grand Cordon of the Order of the Nile
	Commander of the Order of the Arab Republic of Egypt
	Grand Cross of the Order of Merit (Egypt)

Foreign honors

Ribbon bar	Country	Honour
	Jordan	Grand Cordon of the Supreme Order of the Renaissance
	Lebanon	Commander of the National Order of the Cedar
	Libya	Collar of the National Order of Libya
	Morocco	Grand Cross of the Order of Ouissam Alaouite
	Oman	First Class of the Order of Oman
	Syria	Grand Cordon of Order of Civil Merit of the Syrian Arab Republic
	Tunisia	Grand Cordon of the Order of the Republic of Tunisia