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Mohammad Ali Shah Abadi

Mohammad Ali Bid Abadi Esfahani known as Shah Abadi (born in 1872 in Isfahan - died on November 24, 1949, in Tehran),[1] was an Iranian mystic and a Shiite mujtahid. He was also famous as Fitra philosopher. He was the son of Mohammad Javad Hossein Abadi Esfahani, (known as Bid Abadi), and Javad, Mohammad, Mahdi, Hossein, Hassan, Abdullah, Abbas, Ruhollah, Nasrollah and Nourullah are his children.[2][3]

Mohammad Ali Shah Abadi
محمدعلی شاه‌آبادی
Picture of Mohammad Ali Shah Abadi
Personal life
Born1872
Isfahan, Iran
DiedNovember 24, 1949(1949-11-24) (aged 76–77)
Tehran, Iran
Resting placeAbd al-Azim al-Hasani shrine, Ray, Iran
Parent
  • Mohammad Javad Hossein Abadi Esfahani (father)
EducationAyatollah, Ijtihad
Religious life
ReligionIslam
SectShia
Twelver
Muslim leader
Teacher
Disciples

Educations

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Mohammad Ali Bid Abadi Esfahani (Shah Abadi) was born in 1872 in Hossein Abad neighborhood of Isfahan. He went to Najaf after his preliminary and level education and learning theoretical mysticism and philosophy under revision of Mirza Hashem Ashkoori. Shah Abadi was disciple of Muhammad Kazim Khurasani and Mirza Taqi al-Shirazi for seven years, and he received permission for ijtihad from these two and three other authorities.[4]

He lived in Tehran from 1912 to 1928 and during this time he was engaged in teaching and leading the congregational prayer. Also, during this period, he had a close relationship with Hassan Modarres. In the last months of his stay in Tehran, he besieged the shrine of Abd al-Azim al-Hasani in protest against Reza Shah's actions, and after that, at the request of Abdolkarim Haeri Yazdi, he left for Qom, where he taught Islamic jurisprudence, principles, and mysticism. Among his most prominent students at this time were Ruhollah Khomeini and Mohammad Kazem Shariatmadari, who studied the texts of theoretical mysticism with him for seven years. In 1935, he went to Tehran again, where he taught and offered congregational prayers.[5][6]

His efforts in Tehran laid the groundwork for other activities and movements that were continued by religious intellectuals after Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran in September 1941. In addition to Islamic jurisprudence and principles, he was also proficient in mathematics and occult sciences and, as the saying goes, the French language.[7][5][6]

His disciples

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Mohammad Ali Shah Abadi had many disciples, most of whom became famous scholar. including:[8][9][5][6]

His works

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The books he wrote during his life are:[10][11][5][6]

  • Shazarat Al-Ma'aref (in Arabic lit. 'The Fragments of Knowledge')
  • Rashahat Al-Bihar (in Arabic lit. 'Reflections of The Sea')
  • Meftah Al-Sa'adah fi Ahkam Al-Ebadat (in Arabic lit. 'The Key to Happiness in the Rules of Worship')
  • Hashieh Nejat Ol-Ebad (in Arabic lit. 'Notes on the Salvation of Servants')
  • Manazel Ol-Salekin (in Arabic lit. 'The Steps Ahead of Seekers')
  • Hashieh Kefayat Al-Osoule Akhunde Khorasani (in Arabic lit. 'Notes on the Sufficiency of the Assets by Akhund Khorasani')
  • Hashieh Fosoul Al-Osoul (in Arabic lit. 'Notes on the Principles Chapters')
  • Resalat Al-Aql va Al-Jahl (in Arabic lit. 'Message of the Reason and the Ignorance')
  • Tafsiri Moshtamel bar Towhid, Akhlaq va Seiro Soluk (in Persian lit. 'A Commentary Including Monotheism, Ethics and Seeking Behavior')
  • Chehar Resaleh Darbareye Nabovvat Ammeh va Khasseh (in Persian lit. 'Four Treatises on General and Special Prophecy')

Demise

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Mohammad Ali Bid Abadi Esfahani (Shah Abadi) died on Thursday, November 24, 1949, at the age of 77 and was buried in Abd al-Azim al-Hasani's shrine located in Shahre Ray.[8][12][13]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Because his house was on Shah Abad Avenue (now Jomhouri Avenue) in Tehran, he was known as Shah Abadi.
  2. ^ "محمدعلی شاه آبادی نویسنده کتاب شذرات المعارف" [Mohammad Ali Shah Abadi the author of Shazerat al-Maarif book] (in Persian). Retrieved 12 October 2024.
  3. ^ "نگاهی کوتاه به زندگی عارف و مجاهد کامل مرحوم آیت‌الله محمدعلی شاه آبادی" [A short look at the life of the mystic and full mujahid of the late Ayatollah Mohammad Ali Shah Abadi] (in Persian). Retrieved 12 October 2024.
  4. ^ "مصاحبه مؤلف با محمد شاه‌آبادی فرزند محمدعلی شاه‌آبادی" [The author's interview with Mohammad Shah Abadi, the son of Mohammad Ali Shah Abadi]. مجله التوحید، ش ۶۶، ص ۳۶–۱۳۰؛ (in Persian).
  5. ^ a b c d "آیت الله شاه آبادی" [Ayatollah Shah Abadi] (in Persian). Retrieved 12 October 2024.
  6. ^ a b c d "درگذشت آیت اللّه شاه آبادی" [Death of Ayatollah Shah Abadi] (in Persian). Retrieved 12 October 2024.
  7. ^ ""آیت الله شاه‌آبادی"" ["Ayatollah Shah Abadi"]. مجله حضور - پاییز ۱۳۸۴، شماره ۵۴ (in Persian).
  8. ^ a b حیدری ابطحی, غلامرضا. خداشناسی قرآنی کودکان (in Persian). جمال ۱۳۹۵، ص. ۳۱، شابک ۹۷۸-۹۶۴-۸۶۵۴-۸۳-۷.
  9. ^ صادقی تهرانی, محمد. فقه گویا، زندگی‌نامه مؤلف، ص ۱۱۳ (in Persian).
  10. ^ ریحان یزدی، به کوشش باقری بیدهندی, سید علیرضا. آیینه دانشوران [The Mirror of Scholars] (in Persian). ص ۱۸۵.
  11. ^ "آیینه دانشوران" [The Mirror of Scholars]. مجله تاریخ و فرهنگ معاصر، ش ۵، ص ۱۹۱ و ۱۹۲؛ استادزاده، ص ۷۳ و ۷۴ (in Persian).
  12. ^ "زندگی‌نامه اجمالی مرحوم آیت‌الله‌العظمی میرزا محمدعلی شاه‌آبادی" [Brief biography of the late Ayatollah Ozma Mirza Mohammad Ali Shah Abadi] (in Persian). Retrieved 12 October 2024.
  13. ^ جمعی از پژوهشگران حوزه علمیه قم. گلشن ابرار (in Persian). ج ۲، چ ۳، نشر معروف، قم: ۱۳۸۵.
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