Mikulášovice (German: Nixdorf) is a town in Děčín District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,100 inhabitants.

Mikulášovice
Church of Saint Nicholas
Church of Saint Nicholas
Flag of Mikulášovice
Coat of arms of Mikulášovice
Mikulášovice is located in Czech Republic
Mikulášovice
Mikulášovice
Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates: 50°57′56″N 14°21′28″E / 50.96556°N 14.35778°E / 50.96556; 14.35778
Country Czech Republic
RegionÚstí nad Labem
DistrictDěčín
First mentioned1449
Government
 • MayorAleš Jandus
Area
 • Total
25.85 km2 (9.98 sq mi)
Elevation
414 m (1,358 ft)
Population
 (2024-01-01)[1]
 • Total
2,077
 • Density80/km2 (210/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC 1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC 2 (CEST)
Postal code
407 79
Websitewww.mikulasovice.cz

Administrative parts

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The villages of Mikulášovičky, Salmov and Tomášov are administrative parts of Mikulášovice.

Geography

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Mikulášovice is located about 23 kilometres (14 mi) northeast of Děčín and 40 km (25 mi) northeast of Ústí nad Labem. It lies in the salient region of Šluknov Hook, on the border with Germany, adjacent to the municipal territory of Sebnitz.

Mikulášovice lies in the Lusatian Highlands. The highest point is the mountain Tanečnice at 598 m (1,962 ft) above sea level. The town is situated in the elongated valley of the brook Mikulášovický potok.

History

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The first written mention of Mikulášovice is from 1446. The village was founded in the 12th century. In the 18th century, it was already an industrial municipality with tradition in knives sharpening. In 1794, the production of knives began.[2]

From 1938 to 1945 it was occupied by Germany, before it was liberated by Polish soldiers in May 1945 and restored to Czechoslovakia. In the final stages of World War II, in May 1945, the prisoners of the AL Bautzen subcamp of the Gross-Rosen concentration camp, evacuated from Bautzen to Mikulášovice by the Germans, were liberated there by Polish soldiers.[3]

Demographics

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Historical population
YearPop.±%
18695,787—    
18806,449 11.4%
18906,704 4.0%
19007,109 6.0%
19107,665 7.8%
YearPop.±%
19216,640−13.4%
19306,755 1.7%
19503,044−54.9%
19612,741−10.0%
19702,631−4.0%
YearPop.±%
19802,747 4.4%
19912,546−7.3%
20012,397−5.9%
20112,151−10.3%
20211,998−7.1%
Source: Censuses[4][5]

Economy

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The company Mikov, producing the popular knife Rybička, has its seat in Mikulášovice.

Transport

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The town is served by three train stations. The station Mikulášovice dolní nádraží on the railway line Děčín–Rumburk is located just behind the municipal border. The stations Mikulášovice horní nádraží and Mikulášovice střed are on the line Rumburk–Mikulášovice dolní nádraží, but trains run on it only on weekends and holidays during the summer season.[6]

Sights

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Observation tower on Tanečnice

The main landmark of Mikulášovice is the Church of Saint Nicholas. It was built in the late Baroque style in 1750–1751.[7]

On the Tanečnice hill is an eponymous observation tower. The first wooden observation tower was built here in 1885. The current stone tower dates from 1905. It is 26 m (85 ft) high.[8]

Notable people

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References

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  1. ^ "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2024". Czech Statistical Office. 2024-05-17.
  2. ^ "Z historie města" (in Czech). Město Mikulášovice. Retrieved 2021-07-14.
  3. ^ "Subcamps of KL Gross- Rosen". Gross-Rosen Museum in Rogoźnica. Retrieved 2020-06-14.
  4. ^ "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21.
  5. ^ "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
  6. ^ "Detail stanice Mikulášovice dol.n." (in Czech). České dráhy. Retrieved 2024-07-10.
  7. ^ "Kostel sv. Mikuláše" (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 2023-05-29.
  8. ^ "O rozhledně Tanečnice". Rozhledna Tanečnice (in Czech). Retrieved 2023-05-29.
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