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May 1922

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The following events occurred in May 1922:

May 30, 1922: U.S. President Harding dedicates the Lincoln Memorial
May 24, 1922: Soviet Communist Party leader Vladimir Lenin debilitated by first of several strokes
Sculpture of Lincoln unveiled[1]

May 1, 1922 (Monday)

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  • Deruluft (Deutsch-Russische Luftverkehrs A.G.), an international air carrier started jointly by the governments of Germany and the Soviet Union, flew for the first time, with a flight from the Soviet city of Moscow to the German Prussian city of Königsberg, with stops in the Russian city of Smolensk and the Lithuanian city of Kaunas.[2]
  • It was Budget Day in the United Kingdom. Chancellor of the Exchequer Robert Horne estimated a surplus of £38 million and cut 1 shilling off income tax and 4 pence off a pound of tea, as well as lowering postal and telephone rates.[3][4]
  • Korean children's author Bang Jeong-Hwan and seven other people established the first "Children's Day" in Japanese-occupied Korea. After Korea's liberation from Japan, observance of Eorininal (어린이날) the occasion would be moved to May 5, and would become a South Korean national holiday beginning May 5, 1975.
  • CKOC, the oldest continuously operating radio station in Canada, went on the air in Hamilton, Ontario.[5]
  • Born:

May 2, 1922 (Tuesday)

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May 3, 1922 (Wednesday)

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General Zhang Zuolin
 
General Wu Peifu

May 4, 1922 (Thursday)

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  • The city of Austin, capital of the U.S. state of Texas, was hit by two different tornadoes in the space of half an hour.[10] The first one, an F2 storm, passed through a largely rural area on the west side of Austin, and largely distracted people from the formation of a second, more powerful F4 storm that swept through the eastern half of the city, and killed at least 12 people.[11]
  • Outside of Kirvin, Texas, the body of a missing 17-year-old white girl Eula Ausley was found. She had been sexually assaulted and beaten to death. Local townspeople immediately formed a posse to hunt down the assailant under the assumption that she had been killed by a black person.[12][13][14]
  • Born:
    • Eugenie Clark, American ichthyologist, conservationist and marine biologist, in New York City (d. 2015)
    • Philip Lett, American mechanical engineer who oversaw the development of the M1 Abrams tank (d. 2014)
    • Odette L. Shotwell, American organic chemist and handicapped polio survivor who developed the antibiotics azacolutin and duramycin; in Wiley, Colorado (d. 1998)
 
Kingissep
  • Died:
    • Viktor Kingissepp, 34, leader of the Estonian Communist Party, was arrested and executed by Estonian authorities two days after leading a May Day protest in Tallinn. The Russian city of Kingisepp, outside of Saint Petersburg, was renamed in his honor from the city of Yamburg.
    • Dr. Joseph N. McCormack, 74, President of the American Medical Association who reorganized the AMA into a confederation of the state medical associations in the U.S. and provided the basis for common policies for physician certification and conduct
    • Asle J. Gronna, 63, U.S. Representative for North Dakota 1905 to 1911, and U.S. Senator for North Dakota from 1911 to 1921; Senator Gronna was one of only six Senators to vote against declaring war on Germany in 1917.

May 5, 1922 (Friday)

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  • Around Kirvin, Texas, an African-American suspect was arrested in connection with the Ausley murder. The county sheriff attempted to drive the suspect to Waco, but a gathering lynch mob blocked the road so he drove him to the county jail in Fairfield instead. There the suspect allegedly confessed and implicated two other African-American men who were also arrested. The white mob soon gathered around the Fairfield jail and demanded the prisoners be handed over.[12][13]
  • Born:

May 6, 1922 (Saturday)

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May 7, 1922 (Sunday)

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May 8, 1922 (Monday)

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May 9, 1922 (Tuesday)

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May 10, 1922 (Wednesday)

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  • Ivy Williams became the first woman in the United Kingdom to be admitted to the practice of law.[31]
  • The Council of Ambassadors ordered Germany to pay 9 million marks as compensation for the zeppelin dirigibles that had been destroyed instead of being handed over to the Allies under the terms of the Treaty of Versailles.[32]
  • After the death of two policemen in Chicago, the police department there raided the headquarters of various union halls in the city and arrested 200 officials including "Big Tim" Murphy (an organized crime figure who controlled multiple unions in the city), Teamsters founder Cornelius Shea and "Frenchy" Mader, president of the Chicago Building and Construction Trades Council.[33]
  • The United States annexed the Kingman Reef, an uninhabited island that is part of the Line Islands in the South Pacific Ocean, as U.S. territory. Although the reef itself has an area of 6.9 square miles (18 km2), more than 98% of the reef's surface, nearly all of it except for 0.12 square miles (0.31 km2) or 7.41 acres (3.00 ha) is submerged at high tide. After arriving on the motor ship Palmyra Lorrin A. Thurston, an agent of the Palmyra Copra Company, raised the American flag and read a proclamation that declared that he was taking formal possession "on behalf of the United States of America" and claiming exclusive rights for the company for its use, acting under the authority of the Guano Islands Act of 1856.
  • Former U.S. Secretary of State Elihu Root and U.S. Commerce Secretary Herbert Hoover addressed a meeting of prominent citizens at the invitation of the Russell Sage Foundation to urge support for the Foundation's project of planning for the managed growth of New York City over the next 100 years, as Root outlined his vision for the metropolis in the year 2022.[34]
  • Born: Nancy Walker, American TV actress and comedian; as Anna Myrtle Swoyer, in Philadelphia (d. 1992)

May 11, 1922 (Thursday)

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May 12, 1922 (Friday)

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  • Despite winning a vote of confidence the previous day, Dimitrios Gounaris resigned as Prime Minister of Greece along with his cabinet of ministers.[35]
  • Ellis S. Joseph and Henry Burrell, Australian naturalists and entrepreneurs who made a career of capturing live animals and selling them to zoos in other nations, set out to bring the first platypus to the United States, departing on the steamer USS West Henshaw from Sydney en route to San Francisco with five platypuses. Four of the five animals died during the voyage, but Joseph and Burrell arrived in San Francisco on June 30 and delivered the surviving platypus to the New York Zoo on July 14, 1922. The platypus survived only 49 days.[43]
  • The Council of the League of Nations voted to approve the jurisdiction of the Court of International Justice to additional nations, including Russia and Germany, as well as Turkey, Hungary and Mexico, to seek neutral resolution of international disputes as an alternative to war. "Today's decision by the council", The New York Times wrote, "gives the court truly world jurisdiction of the first time."[44]
  • The government of Sweden announced that it would hold a referendum on August 27 on whether to prohibit the sale of alcohol, which was already under control of the government.[45]
  • Austria passed a law forbidding the sale of alcohol to minors.[46]
  • The resort town of Highland Beach, Maryland was incorporated as the first African-American municipality in that state. One of the businessmen incorporating the town, Haley Douglass (grandson of Frederick Douglass, became the first Highland Beach mayor and would serve for more than 30 years before his death on January 20, 1954.[47]
  • Born:
  • Died:

May 13, 1922 (Saturday)

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May 14, 1922 (Sunday)

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  • Italian Fascist Party leader Benito Mussolini fought a sword duel with a rival newspaper editor over differences arising in their respective newspapers. Mussolini was declared the victor.[52]
  • Tusko, billed by the Al G. Barnes Circus as "the largest elephant ever in captivity" as well as "The Meanest Elephant", escaped from the circus an hour before its show was to begin in the town of Sedro-Woolley, Washington, and went on a rampage, knocking down telephone poles, wrecking automobiles, uprooting trees and knocking down fences.[53] Damages were estimated at the time as $20,000 (equivalent to about $325,000 in 2021).[54]
  • FC Barcelona beat Real Unión 5–1 in the Copa del Rey Final.
  • In the only season that Italy's soccer football system was split between two rival leagues, both the Federazione Italiana Giuoco Calcio (FIGC) and the rival Confederazione Calcistica Italiana (CCI) played championship games the same day. Pro Vercelli and Genoa C.F.C., who had played to a 0–0 draw in the first leg of the two-game aggregate score series, met for the second game and Pro Vercelli won the CCI title, 2 to 1. On the same day, U.S.D. Novese and Sampierdarenese, who had played a 0–0 draw on the first leg of their series, played another 0–0 draw. In the tiebreaker on May 21, Novese beat Sampdoria to win the CIGC title, 2 to 1.
  • Born: Franjo Tuđman, the first President of Croatia (1990 to 1999); in Veliko Trgovišće, Kingdom of Yugoslavia (d. 1999)
  • Died: Eugenie Blair, 50, American stage actress, died moments after completing her performance of the role of "Marthy Owen, the water woman" in the play Anna Christie, at the Cort Theatre in Chicago. Blair appeared despite feeling unwell, and delivered her lines at the beginning of the play. She complained of a terrible headache, and the star, Pauline Lord, offered to call a doctor and send an understudy to substitute for Blair, who said that she would "stick it out" and make the second appearance in the play. "Gamely she went back before the footlights, and though her face twitched with pain, went through the lines", The New York Times wrote. After she came off stage, she sat down in a chair and died.[55]

May 15, 1922 (Monday)

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May 16, 1922 (Tuesday)

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RMS Majestic

May 17, 1922 (Wednesday)

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  • The British Army formally handed over possession of its Portobello Barracks, in the Dublin suburb of Rathmines, to the Irish Free State Army in a ceremony at 3:00 in the afternoon, bringing a formal end to Britain's military presence in southern Ireland.[64] On behalf of the British, Major Clarke of the Worcestershire Regiment handed the document of transfer to Commandant-General Tom Ennis and said "This is your show now."[65] The barracks now houses the Irish Military Archives for Ireland's Department of Defence.
  • The British city of Manchester was introduced to radio as the Metropolitan-Vickers Company began broadcasting from station 2ZY. It would begin regular broadcasting on November 15, 1922, and is now BBC Radio Manchester.[66]
  • The periodic Comet Grigg–Skjellerup, initially observed by New Zealand astronomer John Grigg was "rediscovered" and confirmed as periodic by Frank Skjellerup, an Australian-born telegraph operator in South Africa who was also an amateur astronomer.[67]
  • Kenelm Lee Guinness established a new land speed record of 133.75 miles per hour (215.25 km/h) driving a 350 hp Sunbeam car at Brooklands.[68]
  • Died:
    • Dorothy Levitt, 40, British race car driver and aviator who became known as "The Fastest Girl on Earth" for the fastest speed driven by a woman in 1906 in reaching 86 miles per hour (138 km/h). Levitt was found dead at her home from what was deemed an accidental overdose ("death by misadventure") of morphine.[69]
    • Manuel Granero, 20, Spanish bullfighter already famous in Spain for his success, was killed by the bull "Pocapena" in Madrid.[70] According to witnesses, Granero was thrown against the wall of the bullring, then gored three times by the bull's horns, with the third goring tearing through his right eye into his skull. Ernest Hemingway would make reference to the incident in his 1932 book Death in the Afternoon,[71] and Georges Bataille would make it a feature in his novel Story of the Eye.[72]

May 18, 1922 (Thursday)

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President Harding on the radio

May 19, 1922 (Friday)

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Representatives of nations at the Genoa Conference
  • The Genoa Conference of 34 nations to discuss economic and political issues ended after six weeks, with a general agreement to resume tying currencies to the gold standard.[79][80]
  • The Committee on Privileges of Britain's House of Lords voted, 20 to 4, to reject the proposal to allow women to sit in the House, a decision that affected 20 women holding Peerages (hereditary titles), and was prompted after the committee had earlier ruled that Lady Rhondda could become a member of the Lords.[81][82]
 
A group of Young Pioneers in 1983
  • The "Young Pioneers" (Юных пионеров or Yunykh pionerov) scouting organization, initially called "Spartak", was launched by Soviet Russia's Communist Party to consolidate youth groups that had been formed to compete with the Russian Boy Scouts (Русский Скаут or Russkiy Skaut) organization that had been organized on April 30, 1909. Renamed the "Vladimir Lenin All-Union Pioneer Organization" in 1924 after Lenin's death, the Young Pioneers became the only legal scouting organization upon its founding, and the Soviets banned the Russian Scouts and other organizations that had declined to follow the Communist ideology.
  • The WGN media company of Chicago began broadcasting, initially as the AM radio station WDAP, for the corporation Mid West Radio Central, Inc.; in 1924, it would be purchased by the Chicago Tribune and adopt new call letters to reflect the Tribune slogan ("World's Greatest Newspaper"). After starting a companion FM radio station in 1941 (WGNB) and in 1948 an independent television station, WGN-TV. In 1978, WGN-TV would become a nationwide channel for cable and satellite TV subscribers and in 2020 re-brand as NewsNation.
  • Born:
    • Joe Gilmore, Northern Ireland bartender for celebrities and heads of state, inventor of numerous cocktails; in Belfast (d. 2015)
    • Lilian Edirisinghe, Sri Lankan stage, film and TV actress; in Imbulgoda, Western Province, British Ceylon (d. 1993)
    • Air Marshal Nikolai Skomorokhov, Soviet Air Forces flying ace with 40 shootdowns in World War II; in Lapot village near Saratov, Russian SFSR (d. 1994)
    • Arthur Gorrie, Australian hobby shop proprietor; in Brisbane (d. 1992)
  • Died: Son Byong-hi, 60, Korean nationalist and independence activist

May 20, 1922 (Saturday)

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  • The sinking of the ocean liner SS Egypt killed 86 members of the crew and 16 passengers.[83][84]
    The P & O (Peninsular and Oriental Line) ship went down only 20 minutes after its hull was pierced in a collision with the French steamship Seine 32 miles (51 km) west of the coast of France. Another 267 survivors were able to evacuate in lifeboats and were rescued.[85][86] The accident happened at about 7:30 in the evening when many of the passengers were eating dinner.[83] SS Egypt had been carrying a cargo of over one million pounds sterling (equivalent to £58 million or $80 million in 2021)[87] and salvage attempts would begin immediately after the sunken vessel's rediscovery in 1930.
  • Irish republican activists Michael Collins and Éamon de Valera announced in the Dáil that they had agreed on a pact for elections to take place in Ireland on June 16.[88] Their agreement was approved by the members of parliament of the Sinn Féin political party to form a coalition government consisting of both proponents and opponents of the Anglo-Irish Treaty, after having been brokered between Michael Collins (pro-treaty) and Éamon de Valera (anti-treaty).
  • Petros Protopapadakis became the new Prime Minister of Greece.[89] Prime Minister Protopapadakis and his two immediate predecessors, Gounaris and Stratos, would all be executed on November 15, 1922 after the overthrow of the government in the wake of Greece's loss to Turkey at the end of a three-year war.
  • Joe Winters, a 19-year-old African-American man accused of assaulting a white girl, was burned in the courthouse square by a lynch mob in Conroe, Texas.[90][91]
  • Rudolph Valentino was arrested on a felony charge of bigamy after his return to the U.S. from his May 13 wedding to Winifred Hudnut. Although Valentino's first wife, Jean Acker, had gotten a judgment of divorce, California law required a one-year wait before either party could remarry.[51][92] Appearing with his lawyer, Valentino surrendered to the District Attorney's office in Los Angeles, entered a not guilty plea and was released after posting a bond of $10,000 for bail.[93]
  • Baseball stars Babe Ruth and Bob Meusel were reinstated after having been suspended for the first six weeks of the season for barnstorming in violation of organized baseball's regulations.[94] Ruth, playing his first game in the 1922 season after missing 33 games, failed to hit beyond the infield in four at bats in an 8 to 2 loss by the New York Yankees to the St. Louis Browns.[95]
  • WCAX in Burlington, Vermont went on the air, the first radio station in that state.
  • Born:

May 21, 1922 (Sunday)

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The route of Mallory, Norton and Somervell upper left side[96]

May 22, 1922 (Monday)

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  • William J. Twaddell, a member of parliament for Northern Ireland, was shot and killed by the Irish Republican Army while walking to work. Three men followed the M.P. as he walked along Garfield Street in Belfast toward his drapery business on North Street and, "When he was within fifty yards of his premises", the three assailants fired at him with their revolvers, then fled while firing at any pursuers.[101] His death resulted in the arrest of 350 known IRA members during the investigation, but the only person put on trial would be acquitted of all charges.
  • London recorded its hottest May temperature in 50 years with a mark of 32.8 degrees Celsius (91 degrees Fahrenheit).[3][102]
  • An attempt by rebels to overthrow the government of Nicaragua failed after an intervention by U.S. Marines occupying the Central American nation. The rebels, led by General Arcenio Cruz, seized La Loma, a fortress overlooking the capital of Managua but the commander of a detachment of Marines encamped at Campo de Marte approached Cruz and warned him that "the marine force would not hesitate to use its artillery for the protection of American interests, the American Legation and the city"[103] Within eight hours, the rebels surrendered after the American Minister to Nicaragua worked out an agreement with the government to pardon any civilians who had participated in the rebellion and to limit punishment of members of the military to no more than 30 days imprisonment.
  • Born:
  • Died: Ada Jones, 48, English-born American singer and (starting in 1893) one of the first recording artists in the world, died of kidney failure.[104]

May 23, 1922 (Tuesday)

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  • Vladimir Lenin, leader of the Soviet Union's Communist Party and premier of the USSR, suffered the first of three strokes, and was rendered paralyzed on his left side and unable to speak. A confirmation was made by the Soviet government on June 3, with a statement from Lenin's physicians that Lenin's illness was a minor disorder of the blood circulation which, however, within the next few days, began to improve."Lenin suffered a second stroke on June 1, prompting officials to return from a conference in Berlin to Moscow.[105][106] He would remain inactive until October.[3]
  • On the day after the assassination of Northern Ireland M.P. William Twaddell, the government of Northern Ireland, led by Sir James Craig, issued a declaration outlawing the Irish Republican Army, the Irish Republican Brotherhood, the Irish Volunteers and the women's and youth's society Cumann na mBan and warned that persons joining any of the four organizations advocating independence from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland would be liable to be arrested and prosecuted. At the same time, Sinn Féin was outlawed in the six Irish counties that constituted Northern Ireland[3] and the Ulster government began a roundup of Sinn Féin members, serving arrest warrants on 300 people between midnight and dawn and imprisoning them.[107]
  • Abie's Irish Rose, the most popular Broadway theatre play of the 1920s, was premiered at the Fulton Theatre in New York City with the first of 2,327 performances. Closing on October 21, 1927, Abie's Irish Rose would hold the record for the longest-running Broadway show until surpassed by Tobacco Road.[108]
  • Harry Greb won the American light heavyweight boxing championship from the previously undefeated Gene Tunney in what was literally one of the bloodiest bouts in boxing history. Despite bleeding profusely from a gash over his left eye, and having his nose broken, Tunney continued to fight for the full 15 rounds, and refused to quit. Referee Kid McPartland refused to stop the fight without Tunney's approval and the ring at Madison Square Garden was spattered as Tunney lost an estimated two quarts of blood.[109]
  • George Finch and Geoffrey Bruce, the lead mountaineers on the 1922 British Mount Everest expedition, became the first persons to climb to an altitude of more than 27,000 feet and more than 8,000 meters, reaching 27,300 feet (8,300 m) on the north ridge of Mount Everest, and coming within less than 2,000 feet or 550 meters of the summit of the world's tallest (29,031.7 feet (8,848.9 m)) mountain.[110]
  • WDAY of Fargo, North Dakota, the first licensed radio station in that state, went on the air.[30]
  • Born: Katharina Mangold-Wirz, Swiss marine biologist; in Basel (d. 2003). Two species, Microeledone mangoldi (the "sickle-tooth pygmy octopus") and the whip-lash squidAsperoteuthis mangoldae are named in her honor.
  • Died: Leona Dare (stage name for Leona Adelaire Stewart), 67, American trapeze artist and acrobat who was popular worldwide in the 19th century during the 1870s and 1880s for her daring feats, including performing on a trapeze while at high altitude after ascending by balloon.[111]

May 24, 1922 (Wednesday)

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  • The first use of binding arbitration in the United States, as a substitute for a civil trial in court, took place at a conference room of the New York City Lawyers' Club at 115 Broadway as the state of New York's Arbitration Act went into effect. The very first case was a dispute between business partners Benjamin H. Lee and Jesse M. Barrymore over the amount of $130, which The New York Times described as "so small that it would be eaten up in court costs and lawyers' fees no matter how quickly it was decided." The first arbitrator, agreed upon by the parties, was a private attorney, Alexander Rose, and was notable for requiring no lawyers to represent the parties and costing only $10 for a 75-minute hearing.[112]
  • Italy and Soviet Russia signed a two-year commercial treaty in Rome. Russia later refused to ratify it.[113][114][115]
  • Pope Pius XI opened the 26th International Eucharistic Congress in Rome with 30,000 people taking part in the opening ceremony.[116]
  • Ten German Navy sailors aboard the torpedo boat T-18 were killed when the boat collided with the battleship Hannover.[117]
  • The unlucky Green Star Steamship freighter SS Eurana arrived back in New York after departing in September 1920 to Baltimore and then toward Singapore, stopping for major problems with turbines and boilers at Honolulu for three months, then Singapore, Shanghai, Hong Kong, Indonesia and Sri Lanka (where feed pumps and condenser tubes slowed the ship) then to Aden for more repairs before going through the Suez Canal to the Mediterranean and finally to the Atlantic and a return to New York.[citation needed]
  • Died: John B. Rae, 83, U.S. labor leader and the first President of the United Mine Workers of America, from 1890 to 1892

May 25, 1922 (Thursday)

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  • A general strike was called in Rome in protest against the disorders in San Lorenzo. Thousands of pilgrims attending the Eucharistic Congress had to walk to St. Peter's Basilica to hear the Mass because all public transportation was shut down.[118]
  • Babe Ruth was ejected for the first time from a baseball game as a member of the New York Yankees. Only six days after returning from a five-week suspension, Ruth was playing against the Washington Senators (which the Yankees won, 6 to 4) at the Polo Grounds. He had thrown dirt in the face of umpire George Hildebrand after being called out at second base while trying to stretch a single into a double. Ejected from the game, Ruth was heckled by a fan the way to the dugout, and "in a flash he vaulted to the roof of the dugout, clambered through a box filled with people and started up the aisle in the direction of his tormentor" who "put several rows between him and the Babe and from this point of safety listened to a series of scathing remarks from the irate player." After Ruth left, the Pullman conductor who shouted the remarks and refused to give his name, left the park after being asked by the Yankees' management to go.[119] Ruth was fined $200 and suspended for one game.[120]
  • Born: Enrico Berlinguer, Italian Communist Party leader from 1972 until his death; in Sassari (d. 1984)
  • Died: Roy Redgrave, 49, English stage actor and Australian silent film actor, and the first member of the Redgrave acting dynasty as father of Michael Redgrave, grandfather of Vanessa Redgrave, Lynn Redgrave and Corin Redgrave, and great-grandfather of Liam Neeson died in Australia after deserting his family.

May 26, 1922 (Friday)

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May 27, 1922 (Saturday)

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May 28, 1922 (Sunday)

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May 29, 1922 (Monday)

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  • The U.S. Supreme Court ruled unanimously that American antitrust laws did not apply to Major League Baseball, the designation for the National League and the American League that had agreed not compete to against each other for players, and effectively had a monopoly on organized baseball at the major league and minor league level.[130] The decision in Federal Baseball Club v. National League, written by Oliver Wendell Holmes, determined that the travel of teams from one state to another to play baseball was not interstate commerce that could be regulated by the national government under the U.S. Constitution's Commerce Clause (Article I, Section 8) applying to "Commerce... among the several States" and that "exhibitions of baseball, which are purely state affairs."[131]
  • American Christian evangelist and faith healer Aimee Semple McPherson surprised a crowd at a revival in Wichita, Kansas by seeming to make the rain stop falling, interrupting a speaker and then praying for the rain to wait until "after the message has been delivered to these hungry souls." The Wichita Eagle reported the event the next day with the headline "Evangelist's Prayers Hold Big Rain Back".[132]
  • British Liberal MP Horatio Bottomley was sentenced to seven years in prison for fraud by pocketing the money paid to his "Victory Bond" fund during the Great War. Bottomley had promoted the bonds in his capacity as editor of the magazine John Bull.[133]
  • The objection by Pope Pius XI to the proposed British Mandate over Palestine was received by the League of Nations. The objection was made on religious grounds, based on the Roman Catholic Church's position that creation of a Jewish homeland in the Holy Land in Palestine gave unequal privileges to Zionists.[134]
  • Born:
  • Died: Yevgeny Vakhtangov, 39, Russian-Armenian theater director and actor, from cancer

May 30, 1922 (Tuesday)

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President Harding addressing the crowd
  • The Lincoln Memorial was dedicated in Washington, D.C., on Memorial Day, with U.S. President Warren G. Harding praising President Abraham Lincoln. Construction of the building, designed by architect Henry Bacon, had started in 1912 and then was halted by World War I before resuming. "For ten years this white marble shrine with its massive Doric columns", The New York Times noted, "has been slowly rising on the banks of the Potomac at the western end of the Mall, where once there was a dismal, marshy waste."[135][136] Robert Todd Lincoln, the late President's 78-year-old son and only surviving descendant, appeared as a special guest at the dedication.[137] As part of the ceremony, the Memorial's centerpiece, sculptor Daniel Chester French's large marble statue of President Lincoln was unveiled to the public. Carved by the Piccirilli Brothers per French's design, the statue of Lincoln in an armchair is 19 feet (5.8 m) in height and sits on an 11 feet (3.4 m) high pedestal for a total height of 30 feet (9.1 m).
  • Germany mourned the loss of its territory in Upper Silesia by lowering flags outside the Reichstag Building to half mast, and most of the members of parliament wore black as they met to vote in favor of ratifying the German treaty with Poland. "It was the blackest day in the Reichstag's history today", Cyril Brown wrote in The New York Times, adding "This is a historic day, for Germany's eastward revanche dream dates from it officially."[138]
  • The Latvian government and the Vatican signed a concordat in which the Latvian government agreed to allow freedom for the Roman Catholic Church in Latvia, in return for instructions from the Vatican to all Catholic bishops. The treaty was signed in Rome by Latvian Foreign Minister Zigfrids A. Meierovics and the Vatican's treasurer, Cardinal Pietro Gasparri.[139]
  • Jimmy Murphy won the Indianapolis 500. Murphy set a new record for the race, averaging 94.484 miles per hour (152.057 km/h) in driving 500 miles in 5 hours, 17 minutes and 30.79 seconds and breaking the 1915 record set by Ralph DePalma by more than 16 minutes.[140]
  • Born:

May 31, 1922 (Wednesday)

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References

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  1. ^ attribution:Sakal8490
  2. ^ Camille Allaz, History of Air Cargo and Airmail from the 18th Century (Christopher Foyle Publishing, 2005) p. 139
  3. ^ a b c d Mercer, Derrik (1989). Chronicle of the 20th Century. London. pp. 295–296. ISBN 978-0-582-03919-3.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  4. ^ "The British Budget". The Sydney Morning Herald. Sydney: 11. May 3, 1922.
  5. ^ "TSN Radio coming to Hamilton". CHCH. May 28, 2015. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
  6. ^ "Gen. Juan Gomez Elected President of Venezuela". Chicago Daily Tribune. May 4, 1922. p. 3.
  7. ^ O'Connor, Barbara (2001). Barefoot Dancer: The Story of Isadora Duncan. Minneapolis, Minnesota: Lerner Publishing Group. p. 79. ISBN 978-0-87614-807-5.
  8. ^ Dailey, Charles (May 4, 1922). "Gen. Wi Killed by Cannon Fire, Chang Reports". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 7.
  9. ^ "Gen. Wu's Army Circles Peking; Chang in Flight". Chicago Daily Tribune: 7. May 5, 1922.
  10. ^ Tufty, Barbara (3 August 2012). 1001 Questions Answered About: Hurricanes, Tornadoes and Other Natural Air Disasters. Dover Publications. p. 81. ISBN 978-0-486-14443-6.
  11. ^ "Tornado Causes Death and Destruction As It Sweeps Over Austin, Tex., Suburbs", The New York Times, May 5, 1922, p. 1
  12. ^ a b c Bocagrande, Gabriella (August 25, 2000). "Book Review – Flames After Midnight: Murder, Vengeance, and the Desolation of a Texas Community". Texas Observer. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
  13. ^ a b c "Kirven, Texas 1922". The Black Holocaust Society. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
  14. ^ a b "Texas Mob Lynches Three Negroes for Slaying White Girl". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. May 6, 1922. p. 26.
  15. ^ "Chinese Premier Dismissed – His Arrest Ordered". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. May 6, 1922. p. 1.
  16. ^ "Peking Recognizes Control of Gen. Wu; President to Stay", The New York Times, May 6, 1922, p. 1
  17. ^ "Mob Burns Three Negroes at Stake; Texans Take Swift Vengeance on Men Accused of Murdering White Girl", The New York Times, May 5, 1922, p. 1
  18. ^ "Kirven, Texas 1922". The Black Holocaust Society. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
  19. ^ "Work Begins Today on Yankee Stadium— No Ceremony to Mark First Step in Actual Construction of New Ball Park", The New York Times, May 6, 1922, p. 8
  20. ^ "Yankee Stadium". Ballparks of Baseball. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
  21. ^ "Radio in Utah Began in May 1922 on Station KZN". Utah History to Go. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
  22. ^ "H. P. Davison to Undergo New Operation Today to Remove a Tumor of the Brain", The New York Times, May 6, 1922, p. 1
  23. ^ "H. P. Davison Dies as Doctors End Second Operation", The New York Times, May 7, 1922, p. 1
  24. ^ "Anniversary of Barnes, Verlander no-nos". NoNoHitters. May 7, 2015. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
  25. ^ "Eight Russian Priests Sentenced to Death" (PDF). The New York Times. May 8, 1922. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
  26. ^ Robert Service, Lenin: A Political Life, Volume 3: The Iron Ring (Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016) pp. 246-247
  27. ^ "Lealofi IV, Tupua Tamasese", in Historical Dictionary of Polynesia, by Robert D. Craig (Scarecrow Press, 2011) p. 146
  28. ^ "Gunmen Kill Cousin of 'Lupo-the-Wolf; Slayers Open Fire From Automobile With Sawed-Off Shotguns in Harlem", The New York Times, May 9, 1922, p. 3
  29. ^ "The Sheik's Bride". Chicago Daily Tribune. May 10, 1922. p. 2.
  30. ^ a b "AM Broadcasting History – Various Articles". Jeff Miller Web Pages. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
  31. ^ "England's First Woman Barrister. Miss Ivy Williams "Called", The Times (London), May 11, 1922, p. 7
  32. ^ "9 Million Marks are Levied on Germany for Destroying Zeppelins". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. May 10, 1922. p. 1.
  33. ^ "200 Labor Chiefs Arrested in Chicago After Two Policemen Are Shot Dead and Industrial Plants Are Bombed— Raids Follow Terrorism", The New York Times, May 11, 1922, p. 1
  34. ^ "New York in 2022 Foretold by Root", The New York Times, May 11, 1922, p. 1
  35. ^ a b "Gounaris Cabinet Out; Greek Premier Resigns After Vote of Confidence by Majority of One", The New York Times, May 13, 1922, p. 12
  36. ^ "Bethlehem Steel to Buy Lackawanna, in $60,000,000 Deal", The New York Times, May 12, 1922
  37. ^ "Steel Merger Put Into Legal Effect", The New York Times, October 11, 1922
  38. ^ "Portuguese Aviators Saved From the Sea", The New York Times, May 13, 1922, p. 9
  39. ^ "Summary of the First Southern Atlantic Crossing (1922) by the Portuguese Aviators Gago COUTINHO and Sacadura CABRAL on a Fairey-17 Single Engine Hydroplane", by Armand F. Pereira
  40. ^ "Carpentier Knocks Lewis Out in First", The New York Times, May 12, 1922, p. 1
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  42. ^ Schmitt, Robert C. "Early Radio". HawaiianHistory.org. Hawaiian Historical Society. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
  43. ^ "Transporting the Platypus— Australian Collector's Effort", Adelaide (South Australia) Evening Journal, April 7, 1923, p. 5
  44. ^ "Open League Court to All the World", The New York Times, May 13, 1922, p. 5
  45. ^ "Sweden to Hold Plebiscite Aug. 27 on Prohibition", The New York Times, May 13, 1922, p. 1
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  47. ^ "Highland Beach, Maryland", BlackPast.org
  48. ^ "League Decides to Guide Albania", The New York Times, May 14, 1922, p. 2
  49. ^ "Delayed Preakness Poised to Make History", by Phil Janack, pimlico.com, 2020
  50. ^ "Movich Wins Kentucky Derby by Two Lengths", The New York Times, May 14, 1922, p. 1
  51. ^ a b "Rudolph Valentino". United States History. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
  52. ^ Hubbard, Ben (5 August 2011). Gladiators: From Spartacus to Spitfires: One-on-one combat through the ages. Canary Press. ISBN 978-1-907795-97-8.
  53. ^ "Elephant on Rampage— He Leaves Thirty-Mile Trail of Destruction in Washington State", The New York Times, May 18, 1922, p. 12
  54. ^ "The time Tusko the elephant was abandoned at the Oregon State Fair", by Capi Lynn, Statesman Journal (Salem, Oregon), August 25, 2017
  55. ^ Eugenie Blair Dies Playing Stage Role; Sticks to Her Part, Though Ill, Till Curtain Falls and Then Expires, The New York Times, May 15, 1922, p. 13
  56. ^ "Tageseinträge für 15. Mai 1922". chroniknet. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
  57. ^ "Child Labor Law Declared Invalid; Supreme Court Holds 1919 Act Unconstitutional in That It Usurps State Function", The New York Times, May 16, 1922, p. 1
  58. ^ "Biggest Liner Here With World Record", The New York Times, May 17, 1922, p. 3
  59. ^ "Giant of Seas, Majestic, Ends Maiden Voyage". Chicago Daily Tribune. May 17, 1922. p. 3.
  60. ^ "RMS Majestic (2nd)". Titanic and Other White Star Line Ships. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
  61. ^ "4 Drowned, 15 Missing in Bridge Collapse", The New York Times, May 17, 1922, p. 3
  62. ^ "New Cabinet Formed by Stratos", Los Angeles Evening Express, May 16, 1922, p. 21
  63. ^ "Greek Cabinet Crisis— New Premier Resigns", Daily Telegraph (London), May 19, 1922, p. 11
  64. ^ Paul McMahon, British Spies and Irish Rebels: British Intelligence and Ireland, 1916–1945 (Boydell & Brewer, 2008) p. 67
  65. ^ Sean Boyne, Emmet Dalton: Somme Soldier, Irish General, Film Pioneer (Merrion Press, 2014)
  66. ^ Michael Nevell, Manchester at Work: People and Industries Through the Years (Amberley Publishing, 2018)
  67. ^ "Grigg–Skjellerup (comet)", in Concise Dictionary of Science (V & S Publishers, 2013) p. 134
  68. ^ Tremayne, David (2005). Donald Campbell: The Man Behind The Mask. Bantam Press. p. 49. ISBN 978-1-4464-3849-7.
  69. ^ Jean Williams, A Contemporary History of Women's Sport, Part One: Sporting Women, 1850–1960 (Taylor & Francis, 2014) p. 105
  70. ^ "Matador Granero Is Killed By a Bull in Madrid Ring", May 8, 1922, p. 1
  71. ^ Miriam E. Mandel, A Companion to Hemingway's Death in the Afternoon (Camden House, 2009) pp. 172-173
  72. ^ Stuart Kendall, Critical Lives: Georges Bataille (Reaktion Books, 2007)
  73. ^ "Radio Broadcasts President Harding's Speech Praising Merchant Marine", Richmond (IN) Palladium, May 23, 1922, page 1
  74. ^ Henning, Arthur Sears (May 19, 1922). "Harding Wins Shorter Day". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  75. ^ "20 Die in Ruins of Rome Hospital— Historic Santo Spirito Burns, Burying Patients Under Its Heavy Walls". The New York Times. May 19, 1922. p. 3.
  76. ^ "Negro Boy Tortured and Burned at Stake In Georgia After Killing White Woman". The New York Times. May 19, 1922. p. 1.
  77. ^ Jackson, Kevin (2012). Constellation of Genius – 1922: Modernism Year One. London: Hutchinson. ISBN 978-0-091-93097-4.
  78. ^ Zenou, Theo (May 18, 2022). "Retropolis: When Picasso partied with Joyce and Stravinsky, things got surreal". The Washington Post. Retrieved May 20, 2022.
  79. ^ "British Premier Counsels Russia to Admit Debts". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. May 19, 1922. p. 1.
  80. ^ "Allies Hopeful as Genoa parley Ends", The New York Times, May 20, 1922, p.1
  81. ^ "Votes to Exclude Woman From Lords— Committee of the British Upper House Decides Against Lady Rhondda, 20 to 4; Reverses Former Decision, The New York Times, May 20, 1922, p.2
  82. ^ "Tageseinträge für 19. Mai 1922". chroniknet. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
  83. ^ a b "98 Die, 230 Saved as P.&O. Liner Sinks in Crash off Brest", The New York Times, May 22, 1922, p.1
  84. ^ "Nun on Sinking Ship Sacrificed Her Life; Egypt's Death Total 102", The New York Times, May 24, 1922, p.6
  85. ^ "Egypt (1897)". Maritime Quest. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
  86. ^ "2 American Women Drown as Steamer Egypt Sinks at Sea". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. May 22, 1922. p. 1.
  87. ^ "Why a pound today is worth only 2% of a pound in 1922", In2013Dollars.com
  88. ^ "May 1922". Dublin City University. Archived from the original on February 12, 2012. Retrieved February 12, 2012.
  89. ^ "Protopapadakis Forms New Cabinet in Greece", Chicago Tribune, May 21, 1922, p. 1-3
  90. ^ "Two Negroes Lynched for Attacks on Girls; One Is Burned in Texas and the Other Hanged in Ohio— Eight in Month of May", The New York Times, May 21, 1922, p. 18
  91. ^ "Kirven, Texas 1922". The Black Holocaust Society. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
  92. ^ "Arrest Valentino, Screen Star, on Charge of Bigamy". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. May 21, 1922. p. 1.
  93. ^ "Arrest Valentino on Bigamy Charge— Movie Actor Pleads Not Guilty and Is Released on $10,000 Bail", The New York Times, May 21, 1922, p. 16
  94. ^ Glueckstein, Fred (2005). The '27 Yankees. Xlibris. pp. 112–113. ISBN 978-1-4691-1308-1.
  95. ^ "Yanks Are Beaten As Ruth Returns", The New York Times, May 21, 1922, p.26
  96. ^ attribution: Cartsen.nebel
  97. ^ "British Climb 26,800 Feet Up Mt. Everest; Highest Altitude Ever Reached by Man", The New York Times, June 9, 1922, p. 1
  98. ^ “Shall the Fundamentalists Win?”: Defending Liberal Protestantism in the 1920s, by Harry Emerson Fosdick, in Christian Work (June 10, 1922), reprinted in History Matters, George Mason University
  99. ^ "Conestoga". Maritime History of the Great Lakes. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
  100. ^ Holston, Kim R. (2013). Movie Roadshows: A History and Filmography of Reserved-Seat Limited Showings, 1911–1973. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 27. ISBN 978-0-7864-6062-5.
  101. ^ "Ulster M.P. Slain in Belfast Street; Terror Grips City— W.J. Twaddell, a Prominent Orangeman, Is Shot by Assassins on Way to Business; Craig Summons Cabinet", The New York Times, May 23, 1922, p.1
  102. ^ "British Weather Extremes: Maximum Temperatures". The Tornado and Storm Research Organization. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
  103. ^ "Revolution in Nicaragua Lasts Only 8 Hours; Threat of Our Marines to Act Is Effective", The New York Times, May 23, 1922, p.1
  104. ^ "Ada Jones Artist Biography", AllMusic.com
  105. ^ "Lenin Suffers Stroke; Soviet Leaders Hurry Home", The New York Times, June 4, 1922, p. 1
  106. ^ "Admit that Lenin Suffered a Stroke— But His Physicians Say He Is 'on the Road to Full Recovery.'", The New York Times, June 5, 1922, p. 2
  107. ^ "Ulster Rounds up Sinn Fein Leaders; Outlaws Societies— 300 Republican Army Men and Organization Officials Seized in Night Raids", The New York Times, May 24, 1922, p. 1
  108. ^ "Longest-Running Shows on Broadway", Theatre World 2009-2010 (Hal Leonard Corporation, 2011) p. 450
  109. ^ "Blood, Sweat, Toil but No Tears from Tunney", by James F. Fair, Sports Illustrated, March 27, 1967.
  110. ^ " Mallory and Irvine The Final Chapter: Capt. C. Geoffrey Bruce", EverestNews.com
  111. ^ "Leona Dare, Acrobat, Dead; Noted for Daring Exploits on Trapeze Hanging From Balloon", The New York Times, May 25, 1922, p. 15
  112. ^ "Swift Justice Dealt by New Tribunal; First Case Heard by Arbitration Society in 75 Minutes at Cost of $10— No Lawyers and No Oath", The New York Times, May 25, 1922, p. 11
  113. ^ "Treaty with Italy Signed by Russians", The New York Times, May 25, 1922, p. 2
  114. ^ "Tageseinträge für 24. Mai 1922". chroniknet. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
  115. ^ a b Slusser, Robert M.; Triska, Jan F. (1959). A Calendar of Soviet Treaties, 1917–1957. Stanford University Press. pp. 399–400.
  116. ^ "Pope Says World Still Awaits Peace", The New York Times, May 25, 1922, p. 4
  117. ^ "Ten Sailors Perish as German Battleship And Torpedo Boat Hit in Manoeuvres", The New York Times, May 25, 1922, p. 1
  118. ^ "Strike in Rome Forces Pilgrim Throngs to Hike". Chicago Daily Tribune. May 26, 1922. p. 2.
  119. ^ "Ruth in Row with Umpire and Fan at Polo Grounds", The New York Times, May 26, 1922, p. 1
  120. ^ "Ruth Fined $200; Loses Captaincy", The New York Times, May 27, 1922, p. 1
  121. ^ "Narcotic Bill Signed", Brooklyn Times Union, May 26, 1922, p. 1
  122. ^ "Ernest Solvay, Rich Inventor, Dies at 84—Belgian, Originator of Soda Process, Was Imprisoned by Germany During War"", The New York Times, May 27, 1922, p. 10
  123. ^ "Civil War of 1922-23", in Historical Dictionary of Paraguay, ed. by R. Andrew Nickson (Rowman & Littlefield, 2015) p. 143
  124. ^ "25,000 Ukrainians Parade in Protest". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. May 28, 1922. p. 5.
  125. ^ French: Les Alliés reconnaissent à la Pologne la possession de la Galicie, Chronologie des civilisations, Jean Delorme, Paris, 1956.
  126. ^ Prepare for Elections in Southern Ireland", Boston Globe, May 27, 1922, p. 5-6, 22-
  127. ^ "The Curious Case of Benjamin Button, By F Scott Fitzgerald; Illustrated by James Montgomery Flagg", Collier's: The National Weekly (May 27, 1922) pp. 6-7, 22-28
  128. ^ Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1244 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
  129. ^ "Hungarian Elections Begin", The New York Times, May 29, 1922, p. 3
  130. ^ "Baseball Is Victor in Trust Law Fight— Supreme Court Decision Denies That Operation of Leagues Is Interstate Commerce", The New York Times, May 30, 1922, p. 15
  131. ^ Federal Baseball Club v. National League, 259 U.S. 200 (1922), Justia.com
  132. ^ Edith Waldvogel Blumhofer, Aimee Semple McPherson: Everybody's Sister (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, Inc., 1993), p. 184
  133. ^ "Bottomley Guilty of 150,000 Fraud; Gets 7-Year Term", The New York Times, May 30, 1922, p. 1
  134. ^ "Gets the Pope's Protest; League Secretariat Has Text of Objections to the Palestine Mandate", The New York Times, May 30, 1922, p. 10
  135. ^ "Harding Dedicates Lincoln Memorial; Blue and Gray Join— President Moved by Presence of Veterans of Both Armies to Emphasize Unity", The New York Times, May 31, 1922, p. 1
  136. ^ Ashabranner, Brent (2002). On the Mall in Washington, D.C.: A Visit to America's Front Yard. Brookfield, Connecticut: Twenty-First Century Books. p. 25. ISBN 978-0-7613-2351-8.
  137. ^ "Huge Memorial To Be Dedicated To 'Abe' Lincoln; Harding Will Accept Marble Structure For Nation Today— Son of Rail-Splitter to Attend Ceremony", The Evening News (Baltimore), May 30, 1922, p. 1
  138. ^ "Reichstag Mourns Giving Up Silesia— Flags at Half-Mast, Ministers in Black, as Geneva Agreement Is Formally Ratified", The New York Times, May 31, 1922, p. 9
  139. ^ "Concordat Between the Holy See and the Latvian Government, Signed at the Vatican May 30, 1922", League of Nations — Treaty Series (League of Nations, 1923) pp. 367–372
  140. ^ "Murphy Wins Great Auto Race Classic", The New York Times, May 31, 1922, p. 21
  141. ^ The Guinness Book of Records 1976, ed. by Norris McWhirter and Alan McWhirter (Guinness World Records Limited, 1975) p. 89
  142. ^ "303,238 Massacred, Greek Minister Says", The New York Times, June 2, 1922, p. 3
  143. ^ "Germany Agrees to Allies Demands", The New York Times, May 30, 1922, p. 3
  144. ^ "Allies Approve German Answer; Grant Moratorium", The New York Times, June 1, 1922, p. 1
  145. ^ "1922". Music And History. Archived from the original on August 28, 2012. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
  146. ^ Current Opinion (September 1922), p. 295
  147. ^ "Reject Soviet Treaty", The New York Times, June 1, 1922, p. 2
  148. ^ "Tageseinträge für 31. Mai 1922". chroniknet. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
  149. ^ "Captain Cuttle Is Winner of Derby", The New York Times, June 1, 1922, p. 23
  150. ^ "Crime Museum UK – Discovery Channel The Poisoners". Discovery Channel. Retrieved 20 August 2009.
  151. ^ "Joseph McGuinness, Sinn Fein Leader, Dies", The New York Times, June 1, 1922, p. 15
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