The M29 is an American-produced 81 millimeter mortar. It began replacing the M1 mortar in U.S. service in 1952 being lighter and with greater range. It was subsequently replaced by the M252 mortar in 1987. Variants included the M29E1 and M29A1, adopted in 1964. These were produced with a hard chrome-plated bore to prolong barrel life and ease of cleaning.[citation needed]
| M29 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Type | Infantry mortar |
| Place of origin | United States |
| Service history | |
| In service | 1952–present |
| Used by | See Users |
| Wars | Korean War Vietnam War Laotian Civil War Cambodian Civil War Lebanese Civil War Nicaraguan Revolution Salvadoran Civil War |
| Specifications | |
| Mass | 23.4 kilograms (52 lb) (M5 mount) 9.3 kilograms (21 lb) (M1 mount) |
| Caliber | 81 mm (3.2 in) |
| Feed system | manual |
The maximum rate of fire of the M29 is 27 rounds per minute, while the sustained rate of fire is 4 rounds per minute; For the M29A1 model, the maximum rate of fire is 30 rounds per minute with a sustained rate of fire of 5 rounds per minute.[1]: 483–484
The range varies depending on the type of ammunition used:[1]: 624–625
HE M374A2 (High Explosive): Minimum range 72 metres (79 yd), maximum range 4,595 metres (5,025 yd).
HE M362A1 (High Explosive): Minimum range 46 metres (50 yd), maximum range 3,987 metres (4,360 yd).
HE M43A1B1 (High Explosive): Minimum range 69 metres (75 yd), maximum range 3,890 metres (4,250 yd).
WP M375A2 (White Phosphorus): Minimum range 72 metres (79 yd), maximum range 4,737 metres (5,180 yd).
WP M370 (White Phosphorus): Minimum range 52 metres (57 yd), maximum range 3,987 metres (4,360 yd).
M301A3 (Illumination): Minimum range 100 metres (110 yd), maximum range 3,150 metres (3,440 yd).
M301A2 (Illumination): Minimum range 100 metres (110 yd), maximum range 2,150 metres (2,350 yd).
The weapon was usually serviced by a crew of five.[1]: 483–484
Users
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Austria: designated as 8.1 cm GrW M29/65[2]
Bangladesh[3]
Belgium
Bolivia[4]
Brazil[5]
Cambodia
Chile[6]
Costa Rica[2]
Cyprus[7]
Denmark[8]
Ecuador[9]
El Salvador[2]
Ethiopia[10]
Fiji[11]
Greece[12]
Honduras[2]
Indonesia[13]
Iran[14]
Italy[8][2]
Japan: Howa produced a modified version of the M29A1 as Type 64[15]
Jordan[16]
Kurdistan:Peshmerga[17][18]
Republic of Korea: produced under license by Daewoo as KM29A1[19]
Lebanon[20]
Liberia[21]
Luxembourg[22]
Myanmar[23][24]
Nepal[25]
Nicaragua
Nigeria[26]
Panama[27]
Philippines[28]
Saudi Arabia[29][30]
Suriname[31]
Taiwan[32]
Thailand[33]
Tunisia[34]
United States[8]
South Vietnam[35]
Vietnam[36][37]
Turkey[38][39]
Yemen[40]
References
edit- ^ a b c V. Hogg, Ian (1988). Jane's infantry weapons 1988-89 (14th ed.). London: Jane's Pub. Co. ISBN 978-0710608574.
- ^ a b c d e Gander, Terry J.; Cutshaw, Charles Q. (4 June 2001). "81 mm M29 and M29A1 mortar". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2002-2003. pp. 5330–5333.[dead link]
- ^ International Institute for Strategic Studies (14 February 2020). The Military Balance 2020. London, United Kingdom: Routledge. p. 254. ISBN 9780367466398.
- ^ Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "National inventories, Bolivia". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. p. 949.
- ^ Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "National inventories, Brazil". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. p. 1031.
- ^ Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "National inventories, Chile". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. p. 1221.
- ^ Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "National inventories, Cyprus". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. p. 1509.
- ^ a b c Wiener, Friedrich (1987). The armies of the NATO nations: Organization, concept of war, weapons and equipment. Truppendienst Handbooks Volume 3. Vienna: Herold Publishers. p. 469.
- ^ Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "National inventories, Ecuador". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. p. 1602.
- ^ Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "National inventories, Ethiopia". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. p. 1645.
- ^ Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "National inventories, Fiji". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. p. 1646.
- ^ Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "National inventories, Greece". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. p. 2344.
- ^ Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "National inventories, Indonesia". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. p. 2476.
- ^ Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "National inventories, Iran". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. p. 2548.
- ^ "Japanese mortars". Jane's Infantry Weapons 1994-1995. 27 April 1994. p. 3013.
- ^ Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "National inventories, Jordan". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. p. 3014.
- ^ Military Balance 2016, p. 491.
- ^ Military & Defense. "Peshmerga Military Equipment". Business Insider. Archived from the original on 2017-08-06. Retrieved 2017-02-27.
- ^ Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "South Korean Army mortars". Jane's Infantry Weapons 1994-1995. pp. 3081–3082.
- ^ Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "National inventories, Lebanon". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. p. 3087.
- ^ Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "National inventories, Liberia". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. p. 3089.
- ^ Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "National inventories, Luxembourg". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. p. 3091.
- ^ Maung, Aung Myoe (2009). Building the Tatmadaw: Myanmar Armed Forces Since 1948. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 107. ISBN 978-981-230-848-1.
- ^ Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "National inventories, Myanmar (Burma)". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. p. 3112.
- ^ Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "National inventories, Nepal". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. p. 3113.
- ^ Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "National inventories, Nigeria". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. p. 3136.
- ^ Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "National inventories, Panama". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. p. 3238.
- ^ Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "National inventories, Philippines". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. p. 3269.
- ^ Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "National inventories, Saudi Arabia". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. p. 3850.
- ^ Rottman, Gordon L. (1993). Armies of the Gulf War. Elite 45. Osprey Publishing. p. 30. ISBN 9781855322776.
- ^ Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "National inventories, Suriname". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. p. 4275.
- ^ Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "National inventories, Taiwan". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. p. 4552.
- ^ "SUPPORT WEAPONS". rta.mi.th. Archived from the original on 5 November 2021. Retrieved 5 February 2023.
- ^ Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "National inventories, Tunisia". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. p. 4572.
- ^ Rottman, Gordon L. (2010). Army of the Republic of Vietnam 1955–75. Men at Arms 458. Osprey Publishing. p. 9. ISBN 9781849081818.
- ^ Rottman, Gordon L. (10 Feb 2009). North Vietnamese Army Soldier 1958–75. Warrior 135. Osprey Publishing. p. 32. ISBN 9781846033711.
- ^ Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "National inventories, Vietnam". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. p. 5799.
- ^ "Türk Topçu Sistemleri – trmilitarynews.com" (in Turkish). Retrieved 2021-05-03.
- ^ Army Recognition. "Turkish Military Forces". Archived from the original on 7 November 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
- ^ Gander, Terry J. (22 November 2000). "National inventories, Yemen". Jane's Infantry Weapons 2001-2002. p. 5802.
Works cited
edit- International Institute for Strategic Studies (February 2016). The Military Balance 2016. Vol. 116. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-85743-835-2.
External links
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