List of party switchers in the United States

Switches by Democrats

Democratic to Republican

1850–1899

1855 – Reuben Fenton, while U.S. representative from New York (1853–1855 and 1857–1864), later governor of New York (1865–1868) & U.S. senator from New York (1869–1875).
1856 – Simon Cameron, while U.S. senator from Pennsylvania (1857–1861 and 1867–1877) and United States secretary of war (1861–1862)
1856 – Galusha A. Grow, while U.S. representative from Pennsylvania (1851–1863 and 1894–1903), later 28th speaker of the United States House of Representatives (1861–1863)
1856 – Hannibal Hamlin, while U.S. senator for Maine (1848–1861 and 1869–1881), later governor of Maine (1857) and 15th vice president of the United States (1861–1865) during the first term of Abraham Lincoln
1856 – Glenni William Scofield, while U.S. representative from Pennsylvania (1863–1875)
1860s – Ambrose Burnside, erstwhile House candidate, later Union General and governor and U.S. senator from Rhode Island
1860s – Benjamin Franklin Butler, later became U.S. representative from Massachusetts (1867–1875 and 1877–1879) and governor of Massachusetts (1883–1884)
1860s – James M. Hinds, later U.S. representative from Arkansas (1868)
1864 – Thompson Campbell, former U.S. representative from Illinois (1851–1853)
1865 – John A. Logan, while U.S. representative from Illinois, later U.S. senator from Illinois (1871–1877 and 1879–1886)
c. 1865 – Knute Nelson, later Wisconsin state assemblyman (1868–1869), Minnesota state senator (1874–1878), U.S. representative from Minnesota (1883–1889), governor of Minnesota (1893–1895), and U.S. senator from Minnesota (1895–1923)^[1]
1867 – John Adams Dix, former United States secretary of the treasury (1861) & U.S. senator from New York (1845–1849); later elected as governor of New York (1873–1874)
1869 – David P. Lewis, later governor of Alabama (1872–1874)
1870 – James Lawrence Orr, former speaker of the United States House of Representatives (1857–1859) and U.S. representative (1849–1859), later governor of South Carolina (1865–1868)
1893 – James A. Walker, lieutenant governor of Virginia (1878–1882), later U.S. representative for Virginia (1895–1899)
1896 – Irving W. Drew, former New Hampshire state senator (1883–1884); later U.S. senator from New Hampshire (1918).^[2]

1900–1949

1904 – Harry M. Wurzbach, later U.S. representative from Texas (1921–1929 and 1930–1931).^[3]
1911 – Octaviano Ambrosio Larrazolo, later governor of New Mexico (1919–1921) and U.S. senator from New Mexico (1928–1929)^[4]
1933 – Raymond Moley, adviser to President Franklin D. Roosevelt^[5]
1939 – Wendell Willkie, later Republican nominee for president in 1940^[6]
1940 – Jack Porter, challenger to Lyndon Johnson in the 1948 Texas Senate elections.^[7]
1946 – Rudolph G. Tenerowicz, former U.S. representative from Michigan (1939–1943)^[8]
1947 – John Aspinwall Roosevelt, son of President Franklin D. Roosevelt^[9]
1948 – J. Thomas Watson, previously Florida attorney general.^[10]
1949 – William C. Cramer, later U.S. representative from Florida (1955–1971)^[11]
1949 – Joseph A. McArdle, former U.S. representative from Pennsylvania (1939–1942)^[12]
1949 – Rush D. Holt Sr., former U.S. senator from West Virginia (1935–1941)^[13]

1950–1959

1951 – John Tower, later became U.S. senator from Texas (1961–1985)^[14]
1952 – Alphonzo E. Bell Jr., later U.S. representative from California
1952 – Henry Hyde, later became U.S. representative from Illinois (1975–2007)^[15]
1955 – Ben Adamowski, later Cook County State's Attorney (1956–1960)^[16]
1956 – Johnston Murray, former governor of Oklahoma (1951–1955)
1958 – Phil Ferguson, previously U.S. representative from Oklahoma (1935–1941), Republican nominee for Governor of Oklahoma in 1958
1958 – Odell Pollard, later chair of the Arkansas Republican Party

1960–1969

1960 – Robert Daniel, later U.S. representative from Virginia (1973–1983)
1960 – Claude R. Kirk Jr., later governor of Florida (1967–1971)^[17]
1960 – Arthur Ravenel Jr., South Carolina state representative, later U.S. representative from South Carolina (1987–1995)
1960 – Marion Hartzog Smoak, future South Carolina state representative
1961 – Jack Cox, former Texas state representative (1947–1953)
1962 – Jim Gardner, later U.S. representative (1967–1969) and lieutenant governor (1989–1993) of North Carolina
1962 – W. Don MacGillivray, future California state representative
1962 – James D. Martin, later U.S. representative from Alabama (1965–1967)
1962 – David L. McCain, future Florida Supreme Court justice
1962 – Ronald Reagan, while an actor and former Screen Actors Guild president.^[18] Later 33rd governor of California (1967–1975) and 40th president of the United States (1981–1989)
1962 – Floyd Spence, South Carolina state representative, later a U.S. representative from South Carolina (1971–2001)
1962 – Dave Treen, later U.S. representative from Louisiana (1973–1980) and governor of Louisiana (1980–1984)
1963 – FitzGerald Bemiss, Virginia state senator
1963 – James H. Boyce, later chairman of the Louisiana Republican Party
1963 – M. Patton Echols, Virginia state senator
1963 – Burnet R. Maybank Jr., former lieutenant governor of South Carolina
1963 – Stanford Morse, Mississippi state senator
1963 – Rubel Phillips, former Mississippi public service commissioner
1963 – Edward Lunn Young, later a U.S. representative from South Carolina
1964 – Arthur Glenn Andrews, later a U.S. representative from Alabama
1964 – Iris Faircloth Blitch, former U.S. representative from Georgia (1955–1963)
1964 – Howard Callaway, later U.S. representative from Georgia (1965–1967) and United States secretary of the Army (1973–1975)^[19]
1964 – William Dickinson, later a U.S. representative from Alabama
1964 – John Paul Hammerschmidt, later U.S. representative from Arkansas and chairman of the Arkansas Republican Party
1964 – Charles W. Pickering, later Mississippi state senator and judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Mississippi (2004)
1964 – Clarke Reed, later chairman of the Mississippi Republican Party
1964 – Strom Thurmond, while U.S. senator from South Carolina (1954–2003).^[20]
1964 – Faith Whittlesey, later United States ambassador to Switzerland and Pennsylvania state representative
1965 – Arthur R. Outlaw, mayor of Mobile, Alabama
1965 – George Yarbrough, Mississippi state senator
1966 – Fred Connors, South Carolina state representative
1966 – Henry Grover, Texas state representative
1966 – Jerry Hughes, South Carolina state representative
1966 – Reid Moore Jr., later a Florida state representative and mayor of West Palm Beach, Florida
1967 – Bill Archer, Texas health commissioner, later a U.S. representative (1971–2001)
1967 – David L. Brower, Florida state representative
1967 – Thad Cochran, later a U.S. representative and senator from Mississippi
1967 – Jerry H. Geisler, Virginia state representative
1967 – Jack B. Ray, Georgia state treasurer
1967 – Ronnie Thompson, mayor of Macon, Georgia
1968 – Grailey Berryhill, Tennessee state representative
1968 – Jim Caldwell, Arkansas state representative
1968 – Phil Campbell, Georgia commissioner of agriculture
1968 – Sanford Charron, former Michigan state representative
1968 – William E. Dannemeyer, former California state representative and future U.S. representative from California
1968 – R. Earl Dixon, Florida state representative
1968 – Gordon McLendon, radio broadcaster and frequent political candidate in Texas
1968 – Curtis S. Person Jr., Tennessee state representative
1969 – Guy O. Farley Jr., Virginia state representative^[21]
1969 – Raymond R. Guest Jr., Virginia state representative
1969 – Donald Hazelton, future Florida state representative

1970–1979

1970 – Bob Barr, later U.S. representative from Georgia (1995–2003)
1970 – John Chichester, Virginia state senator
1970 – A. C. Clemons, Louisiana state senator (1960–1972)
1970 – Sterling Cockrill, Arkansas state representative
1970 – J. Robert Cooper, Georgia state representative
1970 – Jesse Helms, later U.S. senator from North Carolina (1973–2003)
1970 – William Oswald Mills, later U.S. representative from Maryland (1971–1973)
1971 – Tillie K. Fowler, later U.S. representative from Florida (1993–2001)
1971 – James Nowlin, Texas state representative
1972 – Thomas F. Hartnett, later U.S. representative from South Carolina (1981–1987)
1972 – Trent Lott, later U.S. representative from Mississippi (1973–1989) and U.S. senator from Mississippi (1989–2007)^[22]
1972 – Robert R. Neall, later secretary of the Maryland Department of Health (2018–present)
1972 – Graham Purcell Jr., U.S. representative from Texas (1962–1973)
1973 – John Connally, former United States secretary of the treasury (1971–1972) and former governor of Texas (1963–1969)
1973 – Mills E. Godwin Jr., former governor of Virginia (1966–1970) and lieutenant Governor of Virginia (1962–1966). Later re-elected governor of Virginia (1974–1978)
1973 – Samuel I. Hayakawa, president of San Francisco State University, later U.S. senator from California (1977–1983)^[23]
1973 – Asa Hutchinson, future U.S. representative, administrator of the Drug Enforcement Administration, and governor of Arkansas
1975 – Elizabeth Dole, later United States secretary of transportation (1983–1987), United States secretary of labor (1989–1990) and U.S. senator from North Carolina (2003–2009)
1975 – John Jarman, while U.S. representative from Oklahoma (1951–1977)^[24]
1976 – Leon Bramlett, former chair of the Mississippi Democratic Party
1976 – Shirley Winsley, Washington state representative
1977 – Lane Carson, Louisiana state representative
1977 – A. J. McNamara, Louisiana state representative
1978 – Michele Bachmann, future U.S. representative from Minnesota
1978 – Thomas Bliley, mayor of Richmond, Virginia, and later U.S. representative from Virginia (1981–2001)
1978 – Robert G. Jones, Louisiana state senator
1978 – Chris Smith, later U.S. representative from New Jersey (1981–present).^[25]
1979 – Clay Ford, former Arkansas state representative (1975–1976) and later a Florida state representative (2007–2013)
1979 – Armistead I. Selden Jr., former U.S. representative from Alabama (1953–1969) and United States ambassador to New Zealand (1974–1979)

1980–1989

1980s – Mike Pence, future U.S. representative for Indiana (2001–2013), governor of Indiana (2013–2017) and vice president of the United States (2017–2021)^[26]
1980 – Mac Collins, later U.S. representative from Georgia (1993–2005)
1980 – Jim Donelon, later Louisiana insurance commissioner (2006–present)
1980 – Jesse Monroe Knowles, Louisiana state senator
1980 – John Otho Marsh Jr., former U.S. representative from Virginia (1963–1971), and future U.S. secretary of the Army (1981–1989)
1980 – Frank D. White, later governor of Arkansas (1981–1983)^[27]
1980 – Sam Yorty, former U.S. representative for California (1951–1955) and mayor of Los Angeles, California (1961–1973)
1981 – Eugene Atkinson, while U.S. representative from Pennsylvania (1979–1983)^[28]
1981 – Larry Kudlow, later director of the National Economic Council (2018–2021)
1981 – Pete von Reichbauer, Washington state senator^[29]
1981 – Bob Stump, while U.S. representative from Arizona (1977–2003)
1982 – Condoleezza Rice, later United States national security advisor (2001–2005) and United States secretary of state (2005–2009)^[30]
1982 – Franklin Sutton, Georgia state senator
1982 – Joseph P. Wyatt Jr., former U.S. representative from Texas (1979–1981)
1983 – Phil Gramm, while U.S. representative from Texas (1979–1985) and later U.S. senator from Texas (1985–2002)
1983 – Bob Martinez, while mayor of Tampa, Florida. Later governor of Florida (1987–1991) and director of the National Drug Control Policy (1991–1993)
1983 – Edward D.L.G. Pangelinan, while resident representative from the Northern Mariana Islands (1978–1984)^[31]
1984 – V.J. Bella, Louisiana state representative
1984 – Sonny Callahan, Alabama state senator. Later U.S. representative from Alabama (1985–2003)
1984 – Andy Ireland, while U.S. representative from Florida (1977–1993)
1984 – H. Edward Knox, mayor of Charlotte, North Carolina
1985 – Kent Hance, former U.S. representative from Texas (1979–1985)
1985 – Edward J. King, former governor of Massachusetts (1979–1983)^[32]
1985 – Jeane Kirkpatrick, while U.S. ambassador to the United Nations (1981–1985)^[33]
1985 – Dexter Lehtinen, Florida state representative. Later U.S. attorney for the Southern District of Florida (1988–1992)
1985 – Carole Keeton Strayhorn, later Texas comptroller of public accounts (1999–2007)
1986 – Richard Baker, Louisiana state representative. Later U.S. representative from Louisiana (1987–2008)
1986 – William Bennett, while U.S. secretary of education (1985–1988)^[34]
1986 – Charles T. Canady, Florida state representative. Later U.S. representative from Florida (1993–2001), justice of the Supreme Court of Florida (2008–present) and chief justice of the Supreme Court of Florida (2010–2012)
1986 – Frank Rizzo, former mayor of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania^[35]
1986 – James David Santini, former U.S. representative from Nevada (1975–1983)
1987 – Paul Hardy, former secretary of state of Louisiana (1976–1980), later lieutenant governor of Louisiana (1988–1992)^[36]
1987 – Roy Moore, later chief justice of the Alabama Supreme Court (2001–2003)
1987 – Sam Panayotovich, while Illinois state representative and political ally of Edward Vrdolyak (below).^[37]
1987 – James C. Smith, attorney general of Florida (1979–1987), later Florida secretary of state (1987–1995)
1987 – Edward Vrdolyak (born 1937), while Chicago city councilmember.^[38]
1988 – David Duke, Louisiana state representative
1988 – Mike Johanns, later governor of Nebraska (1999–2005), United States secretary of agriculture (2005–2007) and U.S. senator from Nebraska (2009–2015)
1988 – Jim McCrery, later U.S. representative from Louisiana (1988–2009)
1988 – John Rice, Alabama state senator^[39]
1989 – John Amari, Alabama state senator
1989 – Bill Grant, while U.S. representative from Florida (1987–1991)
1989 – Pete Johnson, while state auditor of Mississippi (1988–1992)
1989 – W. Fox McKeithen, secretary of state of Louisiana (1988–2005)
1989 – Harvey S. Peeler Jr., South Carolina state senator^[40]
1989 – Rick Perry, agriculture commissioner of Texas. Later governor of Texas (2000–2015)^[41]
1989 – Tommy F. Robinson, while U.S. representative from Arkansas (1985–1991)

1990–1999

1990 – Jason Chaffetz, later U.S. representative from Utah (2009–2017)^[42]
1990 – Lauch Faircloth, later U.S. senator from North Carolina (1993–1999)^[43]
1990 – Vito Fossella, later U.S. representative from New York (1997–2009)
1990 – Tom Vandergriff, former U.S. representative from Texas (1983–1985). Later elected as a county judge (1991–2007)
1991 – David Beasley, later governor of South Carolina (1995–1999)
1991 – Buddy Roemer, while governor of Louisiana (1988–1992)^[44]
1991 – Bret Schundler, mayor of Jersey City, New Jersey
1992 – Byron Looper, Tennessee state representative
1993 – Edward H. Krebs, Pennsylvania state representative
1993 – Pedro G. Nieto, Texas state representative^[45]
1993 – J. Roland Smith, South Carolina state representative^[46]
1994 – Ed Austin, while mayor of Jacksonville, Florida
1994 – Eli Bebout, Wyoming state representative
1994 – Mike Bowers, while attorney general of Georgia (1981–1997)
1994 – Bill Finkbeiner, Washington state representative; later Washington Senate Republican leader^[47]
1994 – Fob James, former governor of Alabama (1979–1983). Later re-elected as governor of Alabama (1995–1999)
1994 – Woody Jenkins, Louisiana state representative
1994 – Walter B. Jones, while running as a Democrat for U.S. House from North Carolina. U.S. representative from North Carolina (1995–2019)
1994 – Richard Shelby, while U.S. senator from Alabama (1987–2023)
1994 – Ed Whitfield, the day before filing as a candidate for the U.S. House in Kentucky. U.S. representative from Kentucky (1995–2016)
1995 – Ben Nighthorse Campbell, while U.S. senator from Colorado (1993–2005)
1995 – Tom Campbell, Washington state representative^[29]
1995 – Warren Chisum, Texas state representative
1995 – Rusty Crowe, Tennessee state senator^{[citation needed]}
1995 – Nathan Deal, while U.S. representative from Georgia (1993–2011). Later became the 82nd governor of Georgia (2011–2019)
1995 – Mike Foster, later governor of Louisiana (1996–2004)^{[citation needed]}
1995 – Milton H. Hamilton, Jr, Tennessee state senator^{[citation needed]}
1995 – Jimmy Hayes, while U.S. representative from Louisiana (1987–1997)
1995 – Greg Laughlin, while U.S. representative from Texas (1989–1997)
1995 – Susana Martinez, later governor of New Mexico (2011–2019)^{[citation needed]}
1995 – Dave Mastin, Washington state representative^[29]
1995 – Mike Parker, while U.S. representative from Mississippi (1989–1999)^[48]
1995 – Molly Spearman, South Carolina state representative; later South Carolina superintendent of education (2015–2023)^[49]
1995 – Billy Tauzin, while U.S. representative from Louisiana (1980–2005)^[50]
1996 – Thomas C. Alexander, South Carolina state senator
1996 – Norm Coleman, mayor of Saint Paul, Minnesota; later U.S. senator (2003–2009)^[51]
1996 – Ronnie Culbreth, Georgia state representative^[52]
1996 – John Hoeven, later governor of North Dakota (2000–2010) and U.S. senator (2011–present)^{[citation needed]}
1996 – Hugh Leatherman, South Carolina state senator^[53]
1996 – Cleta Mitchell, former Oklahoma state representative (1976–1984)^{[citation needed]}
1996 – Paul Zellinsky, Washington state representative^[54]
1997 – Chip Bailey, Alabama state senator^{[citation needed]}
1997 – Ronald Johnson, Alabama state representative^{[citation needed]}
1997 – Kevin Mannix, Oregon state representative^{[citation needed]}
1997 – Steve Windom, Alabama state senator, later lieutenant governor of Alabama (1999–2003)^{[citation needed]}
1998 – Gerald Allen, Alabama state representative^{[citation needed]}
1998 – Herman Badillo, former U.S. representative from New York (1971–1977)^{[citation needed]}
1998 – David G. Boschert, Maryland state delegate^{[citation needed]}
1998 – Steve Flowers, Alabama state representative^{[citation needed]}
1998 – Harry C. Goode Jr., Florida state representative^{[citation needed]}
1998 – Sonny Perdue, Georgia state senator. Later became the 81st governor of Georgia (2003–2011) and the 31st United States secretary of agriculture^[55]
1998 – George Wallace Jr., former Alabama state treasurer (1987–1995)^{[citation needed]}
1999 – Nancy Larraine Hoffmann, New York state senator^{[citation needed]}

2000–2009

2001 – Greg Delleney, South Carolina state representative^[56]
2001 – Blaine Galliher, Alabama state representative^[57]
2002 – Rooney Bowen, Georgia state senator
2002 – Terry C. Burton, Mississippi state senator^[58]
2002 – Videt Carmichael, Mississippi state senator^[58]
2002 – Don Cheeks, Georgia state senator
2002 – Jack Hill, Georgia state senator
2002 – Kay Ivey, future state treasurer of Alabama (2003–2011), lieutenant governor of Alabama (2011–2017), and governor of Alabama (2017–present)
2002 – Dan Lee, Georgia state senator
2002 – Olga A. Méndez, New York state senator
2002 – Joseph Robach, New York state assemblymember. Later New York state senator.^[59]
2002 – Amy Tuck, lieutenant governor of Mississippi^[60]
2003 – Larry Baker, Mississippi state representative^[61]
2003 – Jim Barnett, Mississippi state representative^[61]
2003 – Herb Frierson, Mississippi state representative^[61]
2003 – Frank Hamilton, Mississippi state representative^[61]
2003 – Travis Little, Mississippi state senator
2003 – William H. O'Dell, South Carolina state senator^[62]
2003 – John Read, Mississippi state representative^[61]
2003 – Melinda Schwegmann, former lieutenant governor of Louisiana (1992–1996)
2003 – Rick Sheehy, mayor of Hastings, Nebraska
2004 – Rodney Alexander, while U.S. representative from Louisiana (2004–2013)^[63]
2004 – Ralph Doxey, Mississippi state senator
2004 – Ralph Hall, while U.S. representative from Texas (1981–2015)^[64]^[65]
2004 – Luke A. Rankin, South Carolina state senator^[66]
2005 – Michael Diven, Pennsylvania state representative
2006 – Mickey Channell, Georgia state representative^[67]
2006 – John Giannetti, Maryland state senator
2006 – Jimmy Holley, Alabama state senator^[68]
2006 – Will Kendrick, Florida state representative
2006 – Don McLeary, Tennessee state senator
2006 – Billy Montgomery, Louisiana state representative
2006 – Butch Parrish, Georgia state representative^[67]
2007 – Tommy Gollott, Mississippi state senator
2007 – Frank A. Howard, sheriff of Vernon Parish, Louisiana
2007 – Mike Jacobs, Georgia state representative^[69]
2007 – John Neely Kennedy, state treasurer of Louisiana. Later U.S. senator for Louisiana (2017–present)
2007 – Dawn Pettengill, Iowa state representative
2008 – Todd Ames Hunter, former Texas state representative; re-elected to State House in 2009 as a Republican^[70]
2008 – Nolan Mettetal, Mississippi state senator^[71]
2009 – Chuck Hopson, Texas state representative^[72]
2009 – Billy Nicholson, Mississippi state representative^[73]
2009 – Tom Salmon, Vermont auditor of accounts^[74]
2009 – Tom Saviello, Maine state representative, elected to Maine Senate as a Republican in 2010^[75]

2010–2019

2010 – John Alario, Louisiana state senator^[76]^[77]
2010 – Scott Angelle, lieutenant governor of Louisiana (2010). Later director of the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (2017–2021)
2010 – Ellis Black, Georgia state representative^[76]
2010 – Alan Boothe, Alabama state representative^[78]
2010 – C. Scott Bounds, Mississippi state representative^[79]
2010 – Amy Carter, Georgia state representative^[76]
2010 – Simone B. Champagne, Louisiana state representative^[77]
2010 – Mike Cheokas, Georgia state representative^[76]
2010 – Noble Ellington, Louisiana state representative^[77]
2010 – Bubber Epps, Georgia state representative^[76]
2010 – Tim Golden, Georgia state senator^[76]
2010 – Gerald Greene, Georgia state representative^[76]
2010 – Bob Hanner, Georgia state representative^[76]
2010 – Walker Hines, Louisiana state representative^[77]
2010 – Steve Hurst, Alabama state representative^[78]
2010 – Cindy Hyde-Smith, Mississippi state senator, later state agriculture commissioner and U.S. senator^[76]
2010 – Steve Levy, county executive of Suffolk County, New York^[80]
2010 – Doug McKillip, Georgia state representative^[76]
2010 – Mike Millican, Alabama state representative^[78]
2010 – Fred Mills, Louisiana state representative^[77]
2010 – Eldon Nygaard, South Dakota state senator^[76]
2010 – Aaron Pena, Texas state representative^[76]
2010 – Alan Powell, Georgia state representative^[76]
2010 – Jim Preuitt, Alabama state senator^[68]
2010 – Allan Ritter, Texas state representative^[76]
2010 – Bobby Shows, Mississippi state representative^[76]
2010 – John Smith, Louisiana state senator^[76]
2010 – Chris Steineger, Kansas state senator^[76]
2010 – Lesley Vance, Alabama state representative^[78]
2010 – Mike Willette, Maine state representative^[76]
2011 – Jody Amedee, Louisiana state senator^[81]
2011 – Taylor Barras, Louisiana state representative^[81]
2011 – Donnie Bell, Mississippi state representative^[82]
2011 – Tom Butler, Alabama state senator^[83]^[84]
2011 – Buddy Caldwell, Louisiana attorney general (2008–2016)^[85]
2011 – Norby Chabert, Louisiana state senator^[81]
2011 – Billy Chandler, Louisiana state representative^[81]
2011 – Charles "Bubba" Chaney, Louisiana state representative^[81]
2011 – Linda Collins, Arkansas state representative^[81]
2011 – Charles Graddick, Alabama circuit judge and former attorney general of Alabama (1979–1987)^[86]
2011 – Mark Grisanti, New York state senator^[87]
2011 – Bob Hensgens, mayor of Gueydan, Louisiana
2011 – Mike "Pete" Huval, Louisiana state representative
2011 – Bert Jones, North Carolina state representative
2011 – Ezell Lee, Mississippi state senator^[88]
2011 – Russ Nowell, Mississippi state representative^[81]
2011 – Margaret Rogers, Mississippi state representative^[81]
2011 – Jim Slezak, Michigan state representative^[89]
2011 – Jeff Smith, Mississippi state representative^[81]
2011 – Gray Tollison, Mississippi state senator^[82]
2012 – Jerry L. Fielding, Alabama state senator^[90]
2012 – Alan Harper, Alabama state representative^[91]
2012 – J. M. Lozano, Texas state representative^[92]
2012 – Roy Schmidt, Michigan state representative^[81]
2012 – Christine Watkins, Utah state representative^[93]
2012 – Jason White, Mississippi state representative^[82]^[94]
2012 – Arthur J. Williams, North Carolina state representative^{[citation needed]}
2013 – Nickey Browning, Mississippi state senator^[95]^[82]
2013 – James R. Fannin, Louisiana state representative^[96]
2013 – Ryan Ferns, West Virginia state representative^[97]
2013 – Elbert Guillory, Louisiana State senator^[96]
2013 – Lindsey Holmes, Alaska state representative^[98]
2013 – Andy Nuñez, New Mexico state representative^[99]
2013 – Rick Ward, III, Louisiana state senator^[96]
2014 – Linda Black, Missouri state representative^[100]
2014 – Daniel Hall, West Virginia state senator^[101]
2014 – Mark Miloscia, Washington state representative^[102]
2014 – Charles Newton, Alabama state representative^[103]
2014 – Andy Nuñez, New Mexico State representative^[104]
2014 – Randall Patterson, Mississippi state representative^[82]
2014 – Gene Taylor, former U.S. representative from Mississippi (1989–2011)^[105]
2015 – Carlyle Begay, Arizona state senator^[106]
2015 – Denver Butler, Kentucky state representative^[107]
2015 – Kim Davis, county clerk of Rowan County, Kentucky^[108]
2015 – Sandra Doorley, district attorney of Monroe County, New York^[109]
2015 – Jim Gooch, Kentucky state representative^[110]
2015 – Eric Greitens, later governor of Missouri (2016–2018)^[111]
2015 – Mike Holcomb, Arkansas state representative^[112]
2015 – Omarosa Manigault, later director of communications for the Office of Public Liaison (2017)^[113]
2015 – Jody Steverson, Mississippi state representative^[114]
2016 – David Hillman, Arkansas state representative^[115]
2016 – Joe Jett, Arkansas state representative^[115]
2016 – Karen MacBeth, Rhode Island state representative^[116]
2016 – Yancey McGill, lieutenant governor of South Carolina (2014–2015)^[117]
2016 – Wilbur Ross, later United States Secretary of Commerce (2017–2021)^{[citation needed]}
2016 – Jeff Wardlaw, Arkansas state representative^[115]
2017 – William Brisson, North Carolina assemblyman^[118]
2017 – Mariellen MacKay, New Hampshire state representative^[119]
2017 – Rupert Phillips, West Virginia state delegate^[120]
2017 – Michelle Rehwinkel Vasilinda, former Florida state representative^[121]
2018 – Bobby Bright, former U.S. representative from Alabama (2009–2011)^[122]
2018 – Ken Luttrell, Oklahoma state representative^[123]
2018 – Johnny Tadlock, Oklahoma state representative^[124]
2018 – Ivanka Trump, daughter of President Donald Trump and Advisor to the President
2019 – Nick Bain, Mississippi state representative^[125]
2019 – Carroll Hubbard, former U.S. representative from Kentucky (1975–1993)
2019 – Jeff Van Drew, U.S. representative from New Jersey (2019–present)^[126]
2019 – Wanda Vázquez Garced, governor of Puerto Rico (2019–2021) and former Secretary of Justice of Puerto Rico (2017–2019)^[127]^[128]^[129]

2020–present

2020 – Jason Barrett, West Virginia state representative^[130]
2020 – Kevin Horan, Mississippi state representative^[131]^[132]
2021 – Mick Bates, West Virginia state delegate^[133]
2021 – Ryan Guillen, Texas state representative^[134]
2021 – John Jay Lee, mayor of North Las Vegas, Nevada^[135]
2021 – Vernon Jones, former Georgia state representative^[136]
2021 – Jon Lancaster, Mississippi state representative^[137]
2021 – Inna Vernikov, future New York City councilmember^[138]
2022 – Elaine Beech, former Alabama state representative^[139]
2022 – Alec Brook-Krasny, New York state assemblymember^[140]
2022 – Glenn Jeffries, West Virginia state senator
2022 – Ari Kagan, New York City councilmember^[141]
2023 – Tricia Cotham, North Carolina state representative^[142]
2023 – Dov Hikind, former New York state assemblymember^[143]
2023 – Eric Johnson, mayor of Dallas, Texas^[144]
2023 – Jeremy LaCombe, Louisiana state representative^[145]
2023 – Mesha Mainor, Georgia state representative^[146]
2023 – Elliott Pritt, West Virginia state delegate^[147]
2023 – Francis C. Thompson, Louisiana state representative^[148]
2024 – Marie Alvarado-Gil, California state senator^[149]
2024 – Todd Blanche, United States Deputy Attorney General (2025–present)
2024 – Matthew Coker, New Hampshire state representative^[150]
2024 – Sherry Gould, New Hampshire state representative^[151]
2024 – Mike McDonnell, Nebraska state senator
2024 – John S. Rodgers, former Vermont state senator. Later lieutenant governor of Vermont (2025–present)^[152]
2024 – Gloria Romero, former California state senator^[153]
2024 – Doug Skaff, West Virginia delegate
2024 – Shawn Thierry, Texas state representative^[154]
2024 – Susan Valdes, Florida state representative^[155]

Democratic to other (third) party

1878 – Hendrick Bradley Wright, U.S. representative from Pennsylvania (1853–1855, 1861–1863 and 1877–1881), ran for reelection on the Greenback Party
1884 – Absolom M. West, Mississippi state senator. He joined the Greenback Party and was their vice presidential candidate in 1884.^[156]
1995 – Dominic L. Cortese, California state representative to Reform Party.^[157]
1996 – Daniel Hamburg, former U.S. representative (1993–1995) to Green Party^[158]
1999 – Audie Bock, California state assemblywoman to Green Party^[159]
2000 – Matt Gonzalez, supervisor of the San Francisco, California board of supervisors to Green Party.^[160]
2002 – Tim Penny, former U.S. representative from Minnesota (1983–1995) to Independence Party of Minnesota
2003 – Matt Ahearn, New Jersey state representative to Green Party.^[161]
2005 – Jim Lendall, Arkansas state representative to Green Party.^[162]
2006 – Bill Paparian, former mayor of Pasadena, California, to Green Party.
2007 – Cynthia McKinney, former U.S. representative from Georgia (1993–2003 and 2005–2007) to Green Party^[163], and 2008 Green Party presidential candidate
2012 – Fred Smith, Arkansas state representative to Green Party.^[164]
2017 – Henry John Bear, Maine state representative to Maine Green Independent Party.^[165]^[166]
2017 – Ralph Chapman, Maine state representative to Maine Green Independent Party.^[167]
2017 – Joseph Stallcop, New Hampshire state representative to Libertarian Party^[168]
2018 – Sandra Jeff, former New Mexico state representative to Libertarian Party^[169]
2018 – Shane Robinson, Maryland state delegate to Maryland Green Party.^[170]
2021 – Andrew Yang, candidate in the 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries and the 2021 New York City Democratic mayoral primary to Forward Party^[171]
2022 – Joe Sestak, former U.S. Navy admiral and U.S. representative from Pennsylvania (2007–2011) to Forward Party^[172]

Democratic to independent

1970 – Harry F. Byrd Jr., while U.S. senator from Virginia (1965–1983)^[173]
1991 – Lucy Killea, California state senator^[174]
2006 – Joe Lieberman, while U.S. senator from Connecticut (1989–2013); ran as an independent for re-election, on the Connecticut for Lieberman ballot line after losing to challenger Ned Lamont in the Democratic primary.^[175]
2006 – Avel Gordly, Oregon state senator.^[176]^[177]
2009 – Juan Arambula, California state assemblyman^[178]
2009 – Timothy P. Cahill, treasurer and receiver-general of Massachusetts (2003–2011)^[179]
2009 – Kathleen Curry, Colorado state representative^[180]
2010 – Bob Ziegelbauer, Wisconsin state assemblyman.^[181]
2013 – Richard Laird, Alabama state representative^[182]
2013 – John Olumba, Michigan state representative.
2014 – Terry Hayes, Maine state treasurer.^[183]
2015 – Keith English, Missouri state representative.^[184]
2015 – Paul Tine, North Carolina state representative.^[185]
2016 – Mike Huether, mayor of Sioux Falls, South Dakota.^[186]
2016 – Ben Jones, former U.S. representative from Georgia (1989–1993).^[187]
2017 – Martin Grohman, Maine state representative^[188]
2017 – Denise Harlow, Maine state representative^[188]^[189]
2017 – Cheri Jahn, Colorado state senator^[190]
2018 – George Flaggs Jr., mayor of Vicksburg, Mississippi^[191]
2018 – Thomas P. Koch, mayor of Quincy, Massachusetts^[192]
2019 – Angela Cockerham, Mississippi state representative^[193]
2019 – Bryce Edgmon, Alaska state representative and speaker of the state House^[194]
2019 – Stephen Holland, Mississippi state representative^[193]
2019 – John Yudichak, Pennsylvania state senator^[195]
2020 – Michael Evans, Mississippi state representative ^[196]
2021 – Betsy Johnson, Oregon state senator^[197]
2022 – "Bulldog" Ben Robinson, former Oklahoma state senator^[198]
2022 – John Windle, Tennessee state senator^[199]
2023 – Shaun Filiault, New Hampshire state representative^[200]
2023 – Mia McLeod, South Carolina state senator^[201]
2024 – Joe Manchin, U.S. senator from West Virginia (2010–present)^[202], former governor and secretary of state of West Virginia

Switches by Republicans

Republican to Democratic

Before 1960

1860s – Andrew Gregg Curtin, former governor of Pennsylvania (1861–1867), later U.S. representative from Pennsylvania (1881–1887)
1860s – Alonzo Garcelon, later served as governor of Maine (1879–1880)
1860s – Henry George, American political economist and journalist, and 1886 nominee for mayor of New York City, New York
1867 – John Quincy Adams II, Massachusetts state representative and grandson of President John Quincy Adams^[203]
1868 – Salmon P. Chase, former U.S. senator from Ohio (1849–1855, 1861), governor of Ohio (1856–1860) and secretary of the treasury (1861–1864) and later chief justice of the United States (1864–1873)
1872 – Edmund G. Ross, former U.S. senator from Kansas (1866–1871)
1877 – James B. Weaver, later U.S. representative from Iowa (1879–1889)
1880 – Benjamin Butler, former U.S. representative from Massachusetts (1867–1879), later governor of Massachusetts (1883–1884)
1880 – C. H. J. Taylor, African-American journalist; later minister of Liberia (1887–1888) and recorder of deeds for the District of Columbia (1893–1897)^[204]^[205]
1893 – George Edwin Taylor, newspaper editor and later president of the National Negro Democratic League.^[206]
1905 – John Francis Wheaton, former Minnesota state representative (1899–1900); first African American to serve in the Minnesota House of Representatives^[207]
1908 – Lincoln Loy McCandless (1859–1940), later delegate to the U.S. House from Hawaii Territory's at-large congressional district (1933–1935)^[208]
1920s – Ferdinand Lee Barnett, founding editor of The Chicago Conservator and husband of Ida B. Wells.^[209]
1922 – Royal S. Copeland, later U.S. senator from New York (1923–1938)^[210]
1930s – Charles Edison, later governor of New Jersey (1941–1944).^[211]^[212]
1932 – Mary McLeod Bethune, activist and member of the Black Cabinet during Franklin D. Roosevelt's administration.^[213]
1932 – Charles Diggs Sr., later Michigan state senator (1937–1944).^[214]
1932 – Arthur W. Mitchell, later U.S. representative from Illinois (1935–1943)^[215]
1932 – Robert Russa Moton, principal of Tuskegee Institute.^[216]
1932 – Phelps Phelps, New York assemblyman, later governor of American Samoa (1951–1952)
1932 – Robert Lee Vann, publisher and editor of the Pittsburgh Courier^[217]
1933 – Marshall L. Shepard, later a Pennsylvania state representative.^[218]
1936 – Elizabeth Simpson Drewry, later a West Virginia state delegate and its first African American member (1951–1966)^[219]^[220]
1936 – Ellis E. Patterson, California state assemblyman, later lieutenant governor of California (1939–1943) and U.S. representative from California (1945–1947)^[221]
1939 – Corneal A. Davis, later an Illinois state representative (1943–1979)^[222]
1939 – William L. Dawson, later U.S. representative from Illinois (1943–1970)^[222]
1939 – Christopher C. Wimbish, later Illinois state senator (1943–1947).^[223]
1940 – George W. Crockett, Jr., later U.S. representative from Michigan (1980–1991)^[224]
1940 – Perle Mesta, later United States ambassador to Luxembourg (1949–1953)^[225]
1944 – Richard A. Harewood, former state representative from Illinois (1937–1939), later re-elected as state representative (1957–1959).^[226]^[227]
1948 – Robert D. Holmes, later 28th governor of Oregon (1957–1959)^[228]
1951 – James C. Oliver, former U.S. representative from Maine (1937–1943), Democratic nominee for governor of Maine in 1952, later served as U.S. representative from Maine (1959–1961).^[229]

1960–1969

1960s – Archibald Carey Jr., later mayor of Shreveport, Louisiana
1960s – Howard Dean, later lieutenant governor of Vermont (1987–1991), governor of Vermont (1991–2003) and chair of the Democratic National Committee (2005–2009)
1960s – Pete Stark, later served as U.S. representative from California (1973–2013)
1962 – Don Edwards, later U.S. representative from California (1963–1995).^[230]
1966 – Jay Rockefeller, later U.S. senator from West Virginia (1985–2015)^[231]^[232]
1968 – Hillary Clinton, later first lady of the United States (1993–2001), U.S. senator from New York (2001–2009), United States secretary of state (2009–2013) and nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in the 2016 election.

1970–1979

1970 – William G. Barr, while Illinois state representative^[233]^[234]
1970 – Floyd K. Haskell, later served as U.S. senator from Colorado (1973–1979)^[235]
1971 – John Lindsay, mayor of New York City, New York, 1972 presidential candidate, and former U.S. representative^[236]
1971 – Leon Panetta, later served as U.S. representative from California (1977–1993), White House chief of staff (1994–1997), director of the C.I.A. (2009–2011) and U.S. secretary of defense (2011–2013)
1972 – Herman Goldner, mayor of St. Petersburg, Florida^[237]
1972 – Harvey Milk, later a member of the San Francisco Board of Supervisors in California (1978).^[238]
1972 – Ogden R. Reid, while U.S. representative from New York (1963–1975)
1973 – Joan Finney, later Kansas state treasurer (1974–1991) and governor of Kansas (1991–1995)
1973 – Edward Meyer, New York state assemblyman
1973 – Don Riegle, while U.S. representative from Michigan (1967–1976) and later U.S. senator from Michigan (1976–1995)
1976 – James Glisson, Florida state senator
1976 – Howard Oda, Hawaii state representative^[239]
1976 – Edward Zorinsky (1928–1987), while mayor of Omaha, Nebraska, later U.S. senator (1976–1987).^[240]
1977 – Lloyd H. Kincaid, while Wisconsin state assemblyman
1977 – Peter Peyser, U.S. representative from New York (1971–1977 and 1979–1983)
1978 – Robert McNamara, U.S. secretary of defense (1961–1968)^[241]
1978 – John Peavey, Idaho state senator
1979 – Charles W. Whalen Jr., former U.S. representative from Ohio (1967–1979)^[242]

1980–1989

1980 – Thomas M. Foglietta, member of the Philadelphia city council, later served as U.S. representative from Pennsylvania (1981–1997) and United States ambassador to Italy (1997–2001)
1985 – Chris Coons, later U.S. senator from Delaware (2010–present)^[243]
1985 – John Yarmuth, later served as U.S. representative from Kentucky (2007–2023)^[244]
1987 – Martha Ezzard, while Colorado state senator^[245]
1988 – Donna Akeda, Hawaii state representative^[246]
1988 – Ann Kobayashi, Hawaii state senator^[246]
1988 – Milton Marks, California state senator^[247]
1988 – Albio Sires, later served as U.S. representative from New Jersey (2006–2023)
1988 – Duane Woodard, Colorado attorney general

1990–1999

1991 – Markos Moulitsas, later founder of Daily Kos^[248]
1992 – Mike Doyle, later served as U.S. representative from Pennsylvania (1995–2022)^[249]
1992 – Frank Pecora, Pennsylvania state senator^[249]
1992 – Loretta Sanchez, later served as U.S. representative from California (1997–2017)^[250]
1992 – Mark Takano, later served as U.S. representative from California (2013–present)^[251]
1994 – Bernard Erickson, Texas state representative^[252]
1995 – Elizabeth Warren, later served as U.S. senator from Massachusetts (2013–present)^[253]
1996 – Carolyn McCarthy, later served as U.S. representative from New York (1997–2015)^[254]
1996 – Ralph Neas, executive director of the Leadership Conference on Civil Rights^[255]
1996 – Russell W. Peterson, former governor of Delaware (1969–1973)^[256]
1997 – Debra J. Mazzarelli, New York state assemblywoman^[257]
1997 – Harley Rouda, later served as U.S. representative for California (2019–2021)^[258]
1999 – Michael Forbes, while serving as U.S. representative from New York (1995–2001)^[259]
1999 – Gabrielle Giffords, later U.S. representative from Arizona (2007–2012)^[260]

2000–2009

2000 – Mark DeSaulnier, Contra Costa County supervisor; later U.S. representative from California (2015–present)^[261]
2000 – Judi Dutcher, Minnesota state auditor (1995–2003)^[259]
2000 – Jeff Enfinger, Alabama state senator^[262]
2000 – Margaret Gamble, South Carolina state representative^[263]
2000 – Scott Heidepriem, South Dakota state senator
2000 – Dean Elton Johnson, Minnesota state senator^[51]^[264]
2000 – Ed Schultz, broadcaster^[265]
2000 – Mickey Whatley, South Carolina state representative^[263]
2001 – Kathy Ashe, Georgia state representative
2001 – Charles Wayne Goforth, former Illinois state representative ^[266]
2001 – John A. Lawless, Pennsylvania state representative.^[267]
2001 – Barbara McIlvaine Smith, Pennsylvania state representative
2002 – D. G. Anderson, Hawaii state senator
2002 – Charles R. Larson, former superintendent of United States Naval Academy (1983–1986 and 1994–1998).^[268]
2002 – Ray Nagin, later mayor of New Orleans, Louisiana (2002–2010)
2003 – Nancy Boyda, later served as U.S. representative from Kansas (2007–2009)
2003 – Corey Corbin, New Hampshire state representative^[269]
2003 – Michael Decker, North Carolina state representative
2003 – Barbara Hafer, state treasurer of Pennsylvania (1997–2005)^[270]
2003 – Stan Moody, Maine state representative
2003 – John E. Moore, later lieutenant governor of Kansas (2003–2007)
2003 – Bazy Tankersley, horse breeder, conservationist, and daughter of U.S. senator and publisher Joseph M. McCormick.^[271]
2004 – Teresa Heinz, philanthropist, widow of U.S. senator John Heinz and current wife of John Kerry
2004 – Arthur Mayo, Maine state senator
2005 – Steve Lukert, Kansas state representative^[272]
2005 – Tim Mahoney, later served as U.S. representative for Florida (2007–2009)
2005 – Paul J. Morrison, district attorney for Johnson County, Kansas, later Kansas attorney general (2006–2007)^[273]^[274]
2006 – Charles Barkley, basketball player
2006 – Wendy Davis, member of the Fort Worth city council, later Texas state senator and 2014 Democratic nominee for governor of Texas
2006 – Sam Kitzenberg, Montana state senator.^[275]
2006 – Cindy Neighbor, Kansas state representative
2006 – Mark Parkinson, Kansas state senator, later lieutenant governor of Kansas (2007–2009) and governor of Kansas (2009–2011)^[274]^[276]
2006 – Nancy Riley, Oklahoma state senator
2006 – Rodney Tom, Washington state representative
2006 – Diana Urban, Connecticut state representative
2006 – James Webb, former United States secretary of the Navy (1987–1988), later U.S. senator from Virginia (2007–2013)
2006 – Kate Witek, Nebraska state auditor (1999–2007)^[277]
2007 – Karen Awana, Hawaii state representative^[246]
2007 – Walter Boasso, Louisiana state senator
2007 – Francis Bodine, New Jersey state representative
2007 – Janet DiFiore, district attorney of Westchester County, New York^[278]^[279]
2007 – Kirk England, Texas state representative^[280]
2007 – Paul D. Froehlich, Illinois state representative.^[37]
2007 – Mike Gabbard, Hawaii state senator^[246]^[281]
2007 – Robert Garcia, later mayor of Long Beach, California^[282]
2007 – Fred Jarrett, Washington state representative^[29]
2007 – Chris Koster, Missouri state senator, later Missouri attorney general (2009–2017) and 2016 Democratic nominee for governor of Missouri^[283]
2007 – Pete McCloskey, former U.S. representative from California (1967–1983)^[284]^[285]
2007 – Mike Spano, New York state assemblyman
2007 – Debbie Stafford, Colorado state representative^[286]
2008 – Gil Cisneros, later served as U.S. representative for California (2019–2021)^[287]
2008 – David L. Hogue, Utah state representative^[288]
2008 – Stacey Plaskett, later served as delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives from the United States Virgin Islands (2015–present).^[289]
2008 – Bill Walters, former Arkansas state representative^[290]
2009 – Dale Swenson, Kansas state representative^[291]^[292]

2010–2019

2010 – Steve Fox, California state assemblyman
2011 – Patrick Murphy, later served as U.S. representative from Florida (2013–2017)
2012 – Ron Erhardt, Minnesota state representative
2012 – Peter Koo, New York City, New York councilman^[293]
2012 – Gil Riviere, while Hawaii state representative^[246]
2013 – Brad Ashford, Nebraska state senator, later U.S. representative from Nebraska (2015–2017)
2013 – John Bohlinger, former lieutenant governor of Montana (2005–2013)
2013 – Nathan Fletcher, California state assemblyman.^[294]
2013 – Tom O'Halleran, Arizona state senator, later U.S. representative from Arizona (2017–2023).^[295]
2013 – Jean Schodorf, Kansas state senator
2014 – Aaron Johanson, Hawaii state representative^[296]
2014 – Sam Satoru Kong, later a Hawaii state representative^[297]
2014 – Ana Rivas Logan, previously a Florida state senator.^[298]^[299]
2015 – Jane Castor, later mayor of Tampa, Florida (2019–present).^[300]
2015 – John Ceretto, New York state assemblyman
2016 – William Mundell, former Arizona Corporation Commissioner^[301]
2017 – Beth Fukumoto, Hawaii state representative and Republican minority leader.^[302]
2018 – Barbara Bollier, Kansas state senator^[303]
2018 – Stephanie Clayton, Kansas state representative^[304]
2018 – Joy Koesten, Kansas state representative^[305]
2018 – Richard Painter, chief White House ethics lawyer (2005–2007)^[306]^[307]
2018 – Steve Schmidt, political strategist and operations chief for John McCain's 2008 presidential campaign, as well as co-founder of The Lincoln Project.^[308]
2018 – Meagan Simonaire, Maryland state delegate^[309]
2018 – Dinah Sykes, Kansas state senator^[310]
2018 – Grant Woods, former attorney general of Arizona (1991–1999)^[311]
2019 – Dawn Addiego, New Jersey state senator^[312]
2019 – Wayne Gilchrest, former U.S. representative from Maryland (1991–2009).^[313]
2019 – Andy McKean, Iowa state representative^[314]
2019 – Brian Maienschein, while California state assemblyman^[315]^[316]

2020–present

2020 – Frank Aguilar, member of the Cook County board of commissioners. Previously an Illinois state representative^[317]
2021 – Joy Hofmeister, Oklahoma superintendent of public instruction and 2022 Democratic gubernatorial nominee^[318]
2021 – William Marsh, New Hampshire state representative^[319]
2021 – Jennifer McCormick, former Indiana superintendent of public instruction (2017–2021)^[320]
2022 – Jim Leach, former U.S. representative from Iowa (1977–2007)^[321]
2022 – Kevin Priola, Colorado state senator^[322]
2023 – Michelle Henry, attorney general of Pennsylvania^[323]
2023 – Samuel D. Thompson, New Jersey state senator^[324]

Republican to other (third) party

1870 – Joseph Pulitzer, founder and long-time newspaper publisher of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch and The World, served as a Republican U.S. representative from New York before switching to the Liberal Republican party for the following four years.
1891 – James Weaver, Republican U.S. representative from Iowa turned Greenbacker, later was a founder of the Populist Party and ran for president on that party's ticket in 1892.
1893 – William M. Stewart, U.S. senator from Nevada (1864–1875 and 1887–1905) switched to the Silver Party^[325]
1895 – John P. Jones, U.S. senator from Nevada (1873–1903) switched to Silver Party^[326]
1896 – Wharton Barker, former Republican activist, switched to the Populist Party and was a presidential candidate in 1900.
1896 – Frank J. Cannon, U.S. senator from Utah (1896–1899) switched to Silver Republican Party.^[327]
1896 – Lee Mantle, U.S. senator from Montana (1895–1899) switched to Silver Republican Party.^[328]
1896 – Richard F. Pettigrew, U.S. senator from South Dakota (1889–1901) switched to Silver Republican Party.^[329]
1897 – Fred T. Dubois, U.S. senator from Idaho (1891–1897 and 1901–1907) switched to Silver Republican Party.^[330]
1897 – Henry M. Teller, U.S. senator from Colorado (1876–1882 and 1885–1909) switched to Silver Republican Party^[331]
1934 – Robert M. La Follette Jr., U.S. senator from Wisconsin (1925–1947) switched to the Progressive Party.^[332]
1937 – Vito Marcantonio, U.S. representative from New York (1935–1937 and 1939–1951) switched to the American Labor Party
2000 – Rick Jore, Montana state representative to U.S. Constitution Party.^[333]
2012 – Daniel P. Gordon, Rhode Island state representative joined the Libertarian Party.^[334]^[335]
2012 – Gary Johnson, former governor of New Mexico (1995–2003), switched to the Libertarian Party and became their nominee for president of the United States in both the 2012 election and 2016 election.
2012 – Buddy Roemer, former governor of Louisiana (1988–1992), switched to the Reform Party.
2016 – Laura Ebke, Nebraska state senator, switched to the Libertarian Party.^[336]
2016 – Mark B. Madsen, Utah state senator, switched to the Libertarian Party.^[337]
2016 – Mary Matalin, deputy campaign manager for George H. W. Bush's 1992 presidential campaign, switched to Libertarian Party^[338]
2016 – John Moore, Nevada state assemblyman switched to Libertarian Party^[339]
2016 – Bill Weld, former governor of Massachusetts (1991–1997), switched to the Libertarian Party
2017 – Caleb Dyer, New Hampshire state representative switched to the Libertarian Party^[168]
2017 – Brandon Phinney, New Hampshire state representative switched to the Libertarian Party^[340]
2018 – Aubrey Dunn Jr., New Mexico commissioner of public lands switched to the Libertarian Party.^[341]^[342]
2018 – Sam McCann, Illinois state senator switched to the Conservative Party.^[343]
2022 – Christine Todd Whitman, former Republican governor of New Jersey and administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency switched to the Forward Party^[344]
2023 – Jarrod Sammis, Vermont state representative switched to the Libertarian Party^[345]

Republican to independent

1936 – George William Norris, U.S. senator from Nebraska (1913–1943)^[346]
1980 – John Anderson, U.S. representative from Illinois (1961–1981) and 1980 Independent presidential candidate.
1990 – Lowell Weicker, former U.S. senator for Connecticut (1971–1989). Later Independent governor of Connecticut (1991–1995)^[347]
1994 – Paul Horcher, California state representative^[348]
2001 – James M. Jeffords, U.S. senator from Vermont (1989–2007).^[349]^[350]^[351]
2005 – David Durenberger, former U.S. senator from Minnesota (1979–1995).^[352]
2007 – Rick Singleton, Rhode Island state representative^[353]
2007 – Micheal R. Williams, Tennessee state senator^[354]
2008 – Ron Erhardt, Minnesota state representative.^[355]
2009 – Jim Campbell, Maine state representative^[356]
2012 – Bruce McPherson, former California secretary of State and state assemblymember^[357]
2014 – Larry Pressler, former U.S. senator from South Dakota (1979–1997)^[358]
2014 – Sue Wagner, former lieutenant governor of Nevada (1991–1995)^[359]
2014 – Bill Walker, later Independent governor of Alaska (2014–2018)^[360]
2015 – Nate Bell, Arkansas state representative.^[361]
2016 – Tom Campbell, former U.S. representative from California (1989–2001).^[362]
2016 – Larry Dunphy, Maine state representative^[363]
2016 – Gordon J. Humphrey, former U.S. senator from New Hampshire (1979–1990)^[364]
2016 – David Johnson, Iowa state senator^[365]
2016 – Evan McMullin, Republican congressional staff member until July 2016, launched an independent presidential campaign in August 2016
2016 – George Will^[366]
2017 – Kevin Battle, Maine state representative^[188]
2017 – Norm Higgins, Maine state representative^[188]
2017 – Joe Scarborough, former U.S. representative from Florida (1995–2001) and host of Morning Joe^[367]
2017 – Chris Vance, former Washington state representative and chair of the Washington Republican Party^[368]
2017 – Rick Wilson, political strategist and operations chief for Evan McMullin 2016 presidential campaign, as well as co-founder of The Lincoln Project.
2018 – Tani Cantil-Sakauye, chief justice of the California Supreme Court (2011–present)^[369]
2018 – Charles Djou, former U.S. representative from Hawaii (2010–2011)^[370]
2018 – John Doll, Kansas state senator^[371]
2018 – David Jolly, former U.S. representative from Florida (2014–2017)^[372]
2018 – Steve Poizner, former California insurance commissioner (2007–2011)^[373]
2020 – Paul Mitchell, former U.S. representative from Michigan (2017–2021)
2020 – Joe Walsh, former U.S. representative from Illinois (2011–2013)
2021 – Phelps Anderson, New Mexico state representative^[374]
2021 – Knute Buehler, former Oregon state senator and Oregon gubernatorial nominee in 2018
2021 – Joe Camacho, Northern Mariana Islands territorial representative^[375]
2021 – Jim Hendren, Arkansas state senator^[376]
2021 – Jim Nussle, former U.S. representative from Iowa (1991–2007)^[377]
2021 – Arnold Palacios, lieutenant governor of the Northern Mariana Islands
2022 – Rick Becker, North Dakota state representative^[378]
2022 – Dennis Pyle, Kansas state senator^[379]
2022 – Denver Riggleman, former U.S. representative from Virginia (2019–2021)^[380]
2023 – Nathan Hochman, former U.S. assistant attorney general^[381]
2024 – Thomas Fisher, Guam territorial senator^[382]
2024 – George Santos, former U.S. representative from New York (2023)^[383]

Switches by independents or other parties

Independent or other party to Democratic

1874 – Joseph Pulitzer, publisher of The World newspaper switched from the Liberal Republican party to the Democratic party, where he served as a U.S. representative from New York as a Democrat until 1911.
1969 – Joe Biden, later member of the New Castle County council from the 4th district (1971–1973), U.S> senator from Delaware (1973–2009), vice president of the United States (2009–2017), president of the United States (2021–present), was previously registered as an independent^[384]
1974 – Raúl Grijalva, U.S. representative from Arizona (2003–present), was previously a member of the Raza Unida Party^[385]
1990s – Brian Schatz, later state representative (1998–2006), Hawaii Democratic Party chair (2008–2010), lieutenant governor (2010–2012), and U.S. senator (2012–present) from Hawaii. Switched from the Green Party.^[386]
1996 – Walt Minnick, staff assistant and deputy assistant director for the Office of Management and Budget for Richard Nixon, and 1996 Democratic nominee for U.S. Senate, later U.S. representative from Idaho (2009–2011)^[387]
2002 – Joe Bertram, later a Hawaii state representative, switched from the Green Party.^[388]
2004 – Peter Clavelle, while mayor of Burlington left the Vermont Progressive Party.
2006 – David Segal, initially elected as a Green to the Providence city council, he joined the Democratic Party to run for the Rhode Island House of Representatives, where he served from 2007 to 2011.^[389]^[390]
2009 – Richard Carroll, Arkansas state representative. At the time of his switch, he was the only Green Party state legislator in the United States.^[391]
2015 – Ben Chipman, Maine state representative.^[392]
2023 – Roy Daryl Adams, Louisiana state representative.^[393]

Independent or other party to Republican

1941 – Henrik Shipstead, while U.S. senator from Minnesota, switched from the Farmer-Labor Party to the Republican Party.^[394]
2011 – Joel Robideaux, while a Louisiana state representative. He was initially elected as an independent.^[395]
2016 – Blake Filippi, Rhode Island state representative, switched from Independent to Republican; he had also been Republican previously until 2012.^[396]
2024 - Cara Mund, Miss America 2018, independent candidate for U.S. House in North Dakota 2022, and candidate in Republican primary for U.S. House in 2024^[397]

Multiple party switches

Democratic to Republican to Democratic

1854 – Francis Preston Blair, a supporter of presidents Andrew Jackson and Abraham Lincoln who became disillusioned with radical Reconstruction policies.
1854 – Francis Preston Blair Jr., Democratic nominee for vice president of the United States in 1868. His family had been unwavering supporters of Republican Abraham Lincoln, but he opposed the post-war Reconstruction policy. He had earlier been a friend of Democrat Thomas Hart Benton, and like his father he had also been a member of the Free Soil Party.
1854 – Montgomery Blair, postmaster general for President Lincoln. His family left the Democratic Party to join the Republican Party, but he rejoined the Democratic Party after the war.
1965 – Arlen Specter, U.S. senator from Pennsylvania (1981–2011). He was a Republican from 1965 to 2009 and a Democrat from 1951 to 1965 and 2009 to 2012.^[398]
1995 – Eric Adams, mayor of New York City, New York (2022–present). Joined the Republican Party in 1995, but returned to the Democratic Party in 2002.
2003 – Tommy Dickerson, Mississippi state senator.^[399]
2003 – Johnny Ford, Alabama state representative.^[400]^[401]
2008 – Jim Bradford, South Dakota state representative.
2009 – Parker Griffith, former U.S. representative from Alabama (2009–2011). Joined the Republican Party in 2009, but returned to the Democratic Party in 2014.^[402]
2012 – Artur Davis, former U.S. representative from Alabama (2003–2011). Joined the Republican Party in 2012, but returned to the Democratic Party in 2015.^[403]
2015 – Joe Baca, former U.S. representative from California (1999–2013). Joined the Republican Party in 2015, but returned to the Democratic Party in 2018.^[404]^[405]

Republican to Democratic to Republican

1960 – Jerry Solomon, later U.S. representative from New York (1979–1999)^[406]
1974 – Matthew G. Martinez, U.S. representative from California (1982–2001)^[407]
1992 – Evan Jenkins, West Virginia state delegate. Later U.S. representative for West Virginia (2015–2019)^[408]
1997 – Betsy McCaughey, lieutenant governor of New York (1995–1998)
2001 – Robert R. Neall, Maryland state senator.^[409]
2017 – Jim Justice, governor of West Virginia (2017–present).^[410]
2018 – Daniel Boman, Alabama state representative.

Other variations

1890 – Thomas E. Watson switched to the Populist Party. Later U.S. senator for Georgia as a Democrat (1921–1922).
1897 – John F. Shafroth, U.S. representative (1895–1904), governor (1909–1913), and U.S. senator from Colorado (1913–1919). First elected as a Republican, became a Silver Republican in 1897, and a Democrat in 1903.^[411]
1908 – Theodore A. Bell, former U.S. representative from California (1903–1905). He ran in several elections under different party's banners.
1912 – Edward P. Costigan, later a U.S. senator from Colorado (1931–1937). Initially a Republican, launched the Progressive Party of Colorado in 1912, and was elected as a Democrat to the U.S. Senate in 1930.^[412]
1913 – Miles Poindexter, U.S. senator from Washington (1911–1923) switched to the Progressive Party until rejoining the Republican Party two years later.^[413]
1920 – Homer Bone, later a Washington state representative (1923–1925), U.S. senator from Washington (1933–1944) and judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (1944–1970). First a member of the Socialist Party, unsuccessfully ran for the U.S. House in 1920 with the Farmer-Labor Party and was elected to the Washington House of Representatives in 1923 with the Farmer-Labor Party, unsuccessfully ran for a U.S. House seat in 1928 as a Republican, and finally registered as a Democrat in 1932 to run for the U.S. Senate.^[414]
1932 – Henry A. Wallace, United States secretary of agriculture (1933–1940), vice president of the United States (1941–1945), United States secretary of commerce (1945–1946). He was a Republican, then a Democrat (1932–1947), then a Progressive (1947–1953)
1952 – Wayne Morse, U.S. senator from Oregon (1945–1969), changed from Republican to Independent in 1952^[415] and Independent to Democrat on February 17, 1955^[416]
1974 – D. French Slaughter Jr., while a Virginia state delegate became an independent. Later a U.S. representative as a Republican (1985–1991).
1976 – Harold L. Silverman, Maine state representative as a Republican (1973–1976), resigned to become a staffer to independent Governor James B. Longley, Maine state senator as an Independent (1979–1980), Democratic nominee for Maine's 2nd congressional district in 1980.
1986 – Ray Metcalfe, former Alaska state representative (1979–1983) and activist. Republican until 1986, founded the Republican Moderate Party of Alaska that year, and became a Democrat in 2006.^[417]^[418]
1988 – Ron Paul, former U.S. representative from Texas (1976–1977 and 1979–1985), became the Libertarian presidential nominee in 1988; later re-elected as a Republican U.S. representative (1997–2012) and was a Republican presidential candidate in 2008 and 2012.
1990 – Steve Beren, political activist from Washington. First a member of the Socialist Workers Party, became a Democrat in 1990, and a Republican in 2004.^[419]
1990 – Wally Hickel, former U.S. secretary of the interior (1969–1970) left Republican Party before his successful bid for governor of Alaska (1966–1969 and 1990–1994), as nominee of the Alaskan Independence Party.^[420] He rejoined the Republican party in 1994.
1994 – Wes Watkins, Democratic U.S. representative from Oklahoma (1977–1991), Democratic (1990) & Independent (1994) candidate for governor of Oklahoma and Republican U.S. representative from Oklahoma (1997–2003)
1995 – Colin Powell, former United States secretary of state under George W. Bush (2001–2005), former chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff under George H. W. Bush and Bill Clinton (1989–1993), former national security advisor under Ronald Reagan (1986–1989); switched from Independent to Republican in 1995. After supporters of President Donald Trump stormed the U.S. Capitol in January 2021, Powell said that he could no longer call himself a fellow Republican. He switched back to Independent.^[421]
1999 – Joel Giambra, city comptroller of Buffalo, New York (1990–1999), county executive of Erie County, New York (2000–2007). He joined the Republican Party in 1999. In 2018, he joined the Reform Party of New York State to run for governor.^[422]
1999 – Bob Smith, U.S. senator from New Hampshire (1990–2003), left the Republican Party on July 13, 1999, while running for the party's presidential nomination; became an independent and declared himself a candidate for the U.S. Taxpayers Party presidential nomination and an independent candidate. On November 1, 1999, he returned to the Republican Party when a Senate committee chairmanship became open.^[423]
1999 – Donald Trump, businessman and real-estate developer, later 45th (2017–2021) and 47th (2025–)president of the United States, has been at various times a Republican, Democratic, Independent, and Reform Party member.
2000 – Virgil Goode, former U.S. representative from Virginia (1997–2009). Initially a Democrat, he sat as an Independent and later a Republican during his time in Congress. After Congress, he switched to the Constitution Party and became their nominee for president of the United States in the 2012 election.^[424]^[425]
2001 – Michael Bloomberg, was a Democrat before running for mayor of New York City, New York as a Republican. He later became an independent before rejoining the Democratic Party in 2018 and being a Democratic presidential candidate in 2020.^[426]
2002 – Sheila Kiscaden, Minnesota state representative elected as a Republican. She joined and won reelection as the Independence Party of Minnesota candidate before accepting an invitation to join the Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party in 2006.^[51]
2004 – Kyrsten Sinema, U.S. senator from Arizona (2019–present) and former U.S. representative from Arizona (2013–2019), left the Green Party in 2004 to join the Democratic Party, then later became an independent.^[427]
2006 – Kari Lake, Republican nominee for governor of Arizona in 2022 and U.S. Senate in 2024, switched from Republican to Independent in 2006, became a Democrat in 2008, and returned to the Republican party in 2012^[428]
2007 – Lincoln Chafee, former Independent and Democratic governor of Rhode Island (2011–2015), former Republican U.S. senator for Rhode Island (1999–2007), switched from Republican to Independent in 2007, switched from Independent to Democrat in 2013 while serving as governor of Rhode Island, ran for President in the 2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries, switched to Libertarian Party in 2019^[429]
2008 – Mike Gravel, former U.S. senator from Alaska (1969–1981) and 2008 presidential candidate switched from Democratic to Libertarian before returning to the Democratic Party in 2010.^[430]
2009 – Jared Kushner, former senior advisor to the President (2017–2021) and director of the Office of American Innovation (2017–2021), has been at various times a Democrat, Independent, and Republican.
2010 – Charlie Crist, former Republican governor of Florida (2007–2011) and Independent senatorial candidate in 2010, switched to Democrat, then elected as Democratic U.S. representative (2017–2022).^[431]
2010 – Tom Tancredo, former U.S. representative from Colorado (1999–2009), switched to the Constitution Party to run for governor of Colorado, returned to Republican Party in 2011, became an Independent in 2015, returned to the Republican Party again in 2017
2017 – Bob Krist, Nebraska state senator was elected as a Republican, switched to an Independent and then a Democrat to run for governor of Nebraska, then returned to the Republican party.^[432]
2017 – Kenneth Mejia, Los Angeles, California city controller (2022–present) switched from Democratic to Green in 2017 before switching back to the Democratic Party in 2021.^[433]
2019 – S. Marshall Wilson, then a West Virginia state delegate, changed his party affiliation from Republican to Independent in 2019, then to the third party America Coming Together in 2022, and then to the US Constitution Party in 2023.^[434]^[435]^[436]
2021 – Malinda White, while a Louisiana state representative, switched from Independent to Republican; she had been a Democrat until 2021.
2022 – Miles Taylor, former chief of staff of the United States Department of Homeland Security left the Republican Party to become an independent, then joined the Forward Party.^[437]
2023 – Megan Hunt, Nebraska state senator, left the Democratic Party to become an independent, but has previously been a member of the Republican and Libertarian parties.^[438]
2024 – Justin Amash, U.S. representative from Michigan (2011–2021), left the Republican Party in 2019 to become an Independent, joined the Libertarian Party in 2020, then rejoined the Republican Party in 2024 and was a candidate for U.S. Senate^[439]
2024 – Tulsi Gabbard, former representative from Hawaii (2013–2021) and candidate in the 2020 Democratic presidential primaries, left the Democratic Party in 2022, became an Independent, and joined the Republican Party in 2024^[440]

Within other parties

2000 – Jesse Ventura, while governor of Minnesota, left the Reform Party, along with most of his supporters, to re-found the Independence Party of Minnesota.^[441]

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List of party switchers in the United States

Contents

Switches by Democrats

Democratic to Republican

1850–1899

1900–1949

1950–1959

1960–1969

1970–1979

1980–1989

1990–1999

2000–2009

2010–2019

2020–present

Democratic to other (third) party

Democratic to independent

Switches by Republicans

Republican to Democratic

Before 1960

1960–1969

1970–1979

1980–1989

1990–1999

2000–2009

2010–2019

2020–present

Republican to other (third) party

Republican to independent

Switches by independents or other parties

Independent or other party to Democratic

Independent or other party to Republican

Multiple party switches

Democratic to Republican to Democratic

Republican to Democratic to Republican

Other variations

Within other parties

See also

References