List of modern Russian small arms and light weapons

(Redirected from List of Russian weaponry)

The following is a list of modern Russian small arms and light weapons which were in service in 2024:

Handguns

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Revolvers

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Weapon Caliber In service Variants Photo Country
Nagant M1895
7 shot revolver
7.62×38mmR
(7.62 mm Nagant)
1895–present
still used by some police and security forces
Single action "Private's model", early and WW1 production, most converted to double action Interwar

Double action "Officer's model", produced pre-WW1, WW1, interwar and WW2
Suppressed model produced after 1931
Civilian variants produced post-WW2, including long barrel carbine Shadow-7 (caliber 5.45×18mm) in 2020
Belgian, Greek, Luxembourgish, Norwegian, Polish, Spanish and Swedish variants

    Russia
  Belgium

Pistols

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Weapon Caliber In service Variants Photo Country
Tokarev pistol 7.62×25mm Tokarev 1930–present in use in some reserve forces and carried by military officers TT-30

TT-33 1933
K54 (Vietnamese clone)
M48 (Hungarian modification)
PW wz. 33 (Polish clone)
Type 54 (Chinese clone)
Type 68 (North Korean clone)
TTC (Romanian clone)
Zastava M57 (Yugoslav clone)

    Soviet Union
Makarov pistol 9×18mm Makarov 1951–present
still widely used by police,
military and security forces
IZh-70, IZh-71, MP-71 commercial variants:     Russia
  Soviet Union
PSM pistol 5.45×18mm 1973–present
still issued to high
ranking government
officials, police, military
& security forces
IZh-75 (commercial)
Baikal-441 (.25 ACP)
    Russia
  Soviet Union
P-96 pistol 9×19mm Parabellum
(9×18mm Makarov)
2000s–present P-96S (9×17mm)     Russia
OTs-27 Berdysh 9×18mm Makarov
(9×19mm Parabellum)
(7.62×25mm Tokarev)
1994–present
used as service pistol in Ministry of Internal Affairs and other law enforcement.
Ots-27 (9×18mm Makarov)
OTs-27-2 (9×19mm Parabellum)
Ots-27-7 (7.62×25mm Tokarev)
    Russia
OTs-33 Pernach 9×18mm Makarov 1996-present designed to replace the Stechkin APS in various special OMON units, the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs, and other paramilitary units     Russia
GSh-18 9×19mm Parabellum 2000–present one of the
standard sidearms
for all branches of
Russian Armed Forces
    Russia
MP-443 Grach
Yarygin pistol
9×19mm Parabellum 2003–present one of the
standard sidearms
for all branches of
Russian Armed forces
6P35 Yarygin (prototype)
9×19mm Parabellum

MP-446 Viking (commercial)
9×19mm Parabellum

MP-446C (sporting variant)
9×19mm Parabellum

    Russia
SR-1 Vektor Serdyukov pistol 9×21mm Gyurza 2003–present
sidearm utilized in limited numbers by the Spetsnaz
SR-1M
SR-1MP
    Russia
Udav 9×21mm Gyurza 2019-present
successfully passed official trials in January 2019, becoming approved for adoption by the Russian Army[1]
    Russia
Poloz pistol 9×19mm Parabellum 2020–present
compact version Udav pistol intended primarily for Russian Police[2]
  Russia
Lebedev pistol 9×19mm Parabellum P Currently in testing with Russian Police PL-14 (prototype)
PL-15 (full size)
PL-15K (compact)
    Russia

Special purpose

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Weapon Caliber In service Variants Photo Country
Stechkin APS
Stechkin automatic pistol
select-fire machine-pistol
9×18mm Makarov 1951–present AO-44 / APB (variant
with attaching suppressor
and steel wire stock)
    Soviet Union
SPP-1 underwater pistol 4.5×39mm 1971–present SPP-1M (updated model)     Soviet Union
OTs-38 Stechkin silent revolver 7.62×42mm SP-4 2002–present     Russia
PSS silent pistol also called MSS "Vul"
("wool" in English)
7.62×42mm SP-4 1983–present
replaced all previous
noiseless pistols[3]
PSS-2 Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine (modernized;
7.62×45mm SP-16)
    Soviet Union
NRS-2
NR-2 (survival kit
instead of pistol)
7.62×42mm SP-4 1986–present NRS (initial variant;
7.62×35mm SP-3)
knife / single-shot
noiseless pistol
designed to complement
the PSS[4]
    Soviet Union

Submachine guns

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Weapon Caliber In service Variants Photo Country
PP-19 Bizon 9×18mm Makarov 1996–present
succeeded by
Vityaz-SN[citation needed]
Bizon-2 (improved variant):
2 (9×18mm Makarov)
2B (configuration with
attaching suppressor)
2-01 (9×19mm Parabellum)
2-02 (.380 ACP)
2-03 (integral suppressor)
2-07 (7.62×25mm Tokarev,
box magazine)
Bizon-3 (improved variant)
 
helical magazine
  Russia
SR-2 Veresk 9×21mm Gyurza 1999–present SR-2M     Russia
Vityaz-SN[5]

closed bolt
blowback operated
Kalashnikov variant

9×19mm Parabellum 1990s–present
standard SMG
for all branches of
Russian military
and police forces[6]
Vityaz-SN      Russia
PP-2000 9×19mm Parabellum 2008–present
standard SMG
for all branches of
police forces[6]
PP-2000     Russia
PP-91 KEDR 9×18mm Makarov 1994–present used by parts of Ministry of Internal Affairs PP-71
(prototype)
PP-90-01
(variant with
integrated silencer)
PP-9 "Klin"
(1996–2002 for
MVD
9×18mm PMM)
    Russia
PPK-20 9×19mm Parabellum

Special purpose

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Weapon Caliber In service Variants Photo Country
PP-90

Folding Submachine gun

9×18mm Makarov 1990s used by MVD     Russia
  Soviet Union
PP-90M1

Submachine gun Helical 64-round magazine

9×19mm Parabellum 1990s used by Spetsnaz   Russia
OTs-02 Kiparis

Submachine Gun 30-round magazine

9×18mm Makarov 1991–present     Soviet Union

Shotguns

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Weapon Caliber In service Variants Photo Country
RMB-93

Pump-action shotgun

12-gauge shotgun 1993 Used by Police of Russia and other security forces     Russia
Saiga-12

Automatic shotgun

12-gauge shotgun, 16, 20, .410 gauge shotgun Late 1990s Used by Russian armed forces     Russia
KS-23

Special Carbine

23mm bore shotgun 1970–present, used by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Border Guard Service     Soviet Union
Molot Bekas-M

Pump-action sporting shotgun

12, 20, 28, .410 and 32-gauge shotgun 1999 Used by Police of Russia[citation needed] and other security forces[citation needed]     Russia
Vepr-12

Magazine fed semi-automatic shotgun

12 gauge 2003 Used by Police of Russia[citation needed] and other security forces[citation needed]     Russia
MTs255

Double action 5 round internal revolving cylinder type shotgun

12 gauge, 20 gauge, 28 gauge, 32 gauge, 410 bore shotgun 1993 Used by Police of Russia and Russian armed forces and other security forces MTs255 (МЦ255) – civilian version, has a permanent wooden butt and fore-end. The guns are available in 12, 20, 28 and 32 gauges, and .410 bore.[1] At present, it is not commercially available, only parts are available on request.

MTs255-12 (МЦ255-12) – police version (for ammunition 12/70 and 12/76), designed for law enforcement and security agencies, is distinguished by accessories made of black plastic, folding stock and a "Picatinny rail" bar for attaching sighting devices.

    Russia
  Soviet Union

Rifles

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Bolt-action

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Weapon Caliber In service Variants Photo Country
Mosin–Nagant
"3-line rifle"
"Mosin rifle"
7.62×54mmR 1891–present
still used by some
militia forces
sniper rifle commonly
used by police and
military snipers
1891 infantry
1891 dragoon
1891 cossack
1891/1910
1891/1930
1891/1952 KGB
sniper
1907 carbine
1938 carbine
1944 carbine
     Russia
  Soviet Union
SV-98 7.62×51mm NATO
7.62×54mmR
.338 Lapua Magnum
2003–present Modernized (1)     Russia
VKS sniper rifle 12.7×55mm STs-130 2004–present Some variants are in deployment     Russia
Lobaev Sniper Rifle .338 Federal (.308 Winchester)
.408 Cheyenne Tactical
.300 Winchester Magnum
.338 Lapua Magnum
6.5×47mm Lapua
6.5-284 Norma
.40 Lobaev Whisper
.375 Cheyenne Tactical
2010–present SVL variant chambered for .408 Cheyenne Tactical is used by the Federal Protective Service of Russia.[7]
Other variants include OVL, SVLK-14S, SVLK-14M, DXL, TSVL and DVL.
    Russia
  United Arab Emirates
Orsis T-5000 7.62×51mm NATO (.308 Winchester)
.300 Winchester Magnum
.338 Lapua Magnum
6.5×47mm Lapua
.375 H&H Magnum
.260 Remington
2017–present[8] Some variants are in deployment     Russia

Semi-automatic

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Weapon Caliber In service Variants Photo Country
SKS / Simonov
self-loading carbine
7.62×39mm 1945–present
still used by some police &
militia forces, also used as
ceremonial rifle
    Soviet Union
Dragunov SVD 7.62×54mmR 1963–present SVU (bullpup)
SVDK (9.3×64mm)
SVDS (folding stock):
590mm barrel (SVDS-D)
    Soviet Union

Selective-fire

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Weapon Caliber In service Variants Photo Country
АК-47 / AK 7.62×39mm 1949–present replaced by AKM can still be
found in armories.
  • AKS folding stock
  • AK(S)N night scope rail
  • Issue 1949 stamped receiver
  • Issue 1951 milled receiver
  • Issue 1954 lightened milled receiver variant
    Soviet Union
AKM

modernized AK-47

7.62×39mm 1959–present replaced by AK-74 still in use by
police and militia forces
  • S-04-M, A-55 prototypes
  • AKMS folding stock
  • AKM(S)N night scope rail
  • AKM(S)L flash suppressor & night scope rail
  • RPK (machine gun)
    Soviet Union
AK-74 5.45×39mm 1974–present replaced by AK-74M can still be found
in large numbers
  • 40-P/720-P/A-017, A-3 prototypes
  • AKS 74 (folding stock)
  • AKS 74
  • AK(S)-74N night scope rail
  • RPK 74 (machine gun)
  • AKS-74U (carbine)
    Soviet Union
AK-74M

modernized AK-74

5.45×39mm 1991–present current issue     Soviet Union
  Russia
AN-94 / Nikonov
Assault Rifle
5.45×39mm 1997–present used in limited numbers too
expensive for general issue
    Russia
AM-17 5.45×39mm 2017-The AM-17 is in limited use with FSB, FSO, Russian National Guard     Russia
AK-12 / AK-15 5.45×39mm
7.62×39mm
Accepted into service in January 2018 in a small quantity of ~50,000 units. A new revision was released in August 2020. All new rifles manufactured will be the revised version. All of the previous revision rifles will be upgraded to the latest revision. Changes include an updated pistol grip, buttstock and many other changes.[9]     Russia
A-545 / A-762

modernized AEK-971, also known as KORD assault rifle

5.45×39mm
7.62×39mm
In January 2018 it was announced that the rifle has been adopted in 5.45×39mm and 7.62×39mm chamberings by the Russian military.[10] The first orders for the A-545 rifle were announced in mid-2020. It is believed these orders total about 500 assault rifles that were destined for Spetsnaz units and some Airborne personnel.[11]     Russia
AK-203 7.62×39mm The AK-203 was developed in the 2010s by Kalashnikov Concern. The Indian Army is procuring 670,000 AK-203 assault rifles to replace the INSAS, through a contract with Russia.   Russia

Special purpose

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Weapon Caliber In service Variants Photo Country
APS

underwater automatic rifle

5.66×39mm MPS 1975–present     Soviet Union
AS Val

silent assault rifle

9×39mm 1980s–present VSS Vintorez (sniper rifle)     Soviet Union
9A-91

compact assault rifle

9×39mm 1993–present VSK-94 (sniper rifle)
A-9 (9×19mm Parabellum)
A-7.62 (7.62×25mm Tokarev)
    Russia
AK-9

carbine, subsonic ammunition

9×39mm 2000s–present     Russia
SR-3 Vikhr 9×39mm 1996-present SR-3M and SR-3MP modernizations     Russia
ShAK-12

urban assault rifle

12.7×55mm ASh-12.7 2010–present     Russia
ADS

amphibious
assault rifle

5.45×39mm /
5.45×39mm PSP
2013–present Carbine

A-91 (non-amphibious):
7.62×39mm, 5.56×45mm

    Russia

Anti-materiel rifles

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Weapon Caliber In service Variants Photo Country
OSV-96

folding barrel

12.7×108mm 1990s–present V-94 (early variant)     Soviet Union
  Russia
KSVK / ASVK /
6S8 / ASV Kord
12.7×108mm 1990s–present     Russia

Machine guns

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Squad automatic weapons (SAWs)

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Weapon Caliber In service Variants Photo Country
RPD / Light Machine Gun 7.62×39mm 1945–present
still used by special forces
and militia forces
    Soviet Union
RPK / Kalashnikov
Light Machine Gun
7.62×39mm 1959–present
still used by police
and militia forces
AKM (assault rifle)

S-108(-M), P-55
prototypes

RPKS (folding stock)

RPK(S)N
night scope rail

RPK(S)L
flash suppressor
& night scope rail

RPKM (modernized)

RPK-203 (export variant)

RPK-204 (7.62×51mm NATO)

  Soviet Union
RPK-74 5.45×39mm 1974–present
current issue
AK-74 (assault rifle)

RPKS-74 (folding stock)

RPK(S)-74N:
night scope rail

RPK-74M (modernized)

RPK-201 (5.56×45mm NATO)

    Soviet Union
RPK-16 5.45×39mm 2018–present [12]     Russia
RPL-20 5.45×39mm 2020     Russia

General-purpose

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Weapon Caliber In service Variants Photo Country
PK machine gun
Kalashnikov Machine Gun
7.62×54mmR 1961–present PKM (modernized)

PK(M)S (configuration
with mount)

PK(M)B (APC
configuration)

PKT(M) (tank variant)

Pecheneg (rifle-
caliber SAW)

    Soviet Union
Pecheneg machine gun
Kalashnikov Machine Gun
7.62×54mmR 2001–present PKM (modernized)

PK(M)S (configuration
with mount)

PK(M)B (APC
configuration)

PKT(M) (tank variant)

Pecheneg (rifle-
caliber SAW)

    Russia
AEK-999 7.62×54mmR 2008-present     Russia

Heavy

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Weapon Caliber In service Variants Photo Country
DShK 1938 / Degtyaryov-Shpagin Large-Calibre 12.7×108mm 1938–present DShKM (Modernized version)

Type 54 (Chinese unlicensed production)

HMG PK-16 (Pakistani variant)

    Soviet Union
KPV / Vladimirov
Machine Gun
14.5×114mm 1949–present PKP (infantry variant; not
to be confused with
Pecheneg machine gun)

KPVT (vehicle-mounted)

ZPU-1 / 2 / 4 (AA mounts)

    Soviet Union
NSV Utyos / Nikitin–
Sokolov–Volkov
12.7×108mm 1971–present
succeeded by Kord
can still be found
in large numbers
NSVT (vehicle-mounted)
Utyos-M (naval twin-mount)
    Soviet Union
Kord

can be fired
from bipod

12.7×108mm 1998–present     Russia

Hand grenades

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Fragmentation

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Weapon Weight In service Variants Photo Country
RGD-5
offensive fragmentation grenade
310g 1954–present
replaced by RGN
can still be found
in large numbers
    Soviet Union
RGO
defensive fragmentation grenade
530g 1990s–present     Soviet Union
RGN
offensive fragmentation grenade
290g 1990s–present     Soviet Union

Anti-tank

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Weapon Weight In service Variants Photo Country
RKG-3

shaped charge

1,070 g 1950–present
still stockpiled
succeeded by RPG-18
rocket launcher
RKG-3Ye (170 mm RHA)
RKG-3YeM (220 mm RHA)
    Soviet Union

Grenade launchers

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Stand-alone

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Weapon Caliber In service Variants Photo Country
RGS-50 50mm grenade 1989–present RGS-50M     Soviet Union
RG-6 / 6G30 40mm caseless grenade
(VOG-25M)
1994–present     Russia
RGM-40 Kastet
stand alone version
of GP-30 with
telescoping stock
40mm caseless grenade
(VOG-25M)
late 1990s–present     Soviet Union
GM-94 43mm grenade
(VGM-93)
2007–present     Russia

Attached

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Weapon Caliber In service Variants Photo Country
Kalashnikov grenade launcher
(cup type launcher)[13]
uses special blank
cartridge to launch
standard RGD-5
hand-grenades also
launches various
riot control ammunition
mid 1950s–present     Soviet Union
GP-25 Kostyor 40mm caseless grenade
(VOG-25M)
1978–present BG-15 Mukha
initial variant
GP-30 Obuvka:
1989 issue
2000 issue
GP-30M Archived 2012-11-14 at the Wayback Machine
GP-30U Granat
(can be mounted
on foreign rifles)
GP-34 ([1])
    Soviet Union

Automatic grenade launchers

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Weapon Caliber In service Variants Photo Country
AGS-17 Plamya 30 mm VOG-17M /
VOG-30 / GPD-30
1970s–present
succeeded by AGS-30 & AGS-40 Balkan
AGS-17M
modernized

AG-17M
naval version

AG-17A (AP-30
Plamya-A)
aircraft version

    Soviet Union
AGS-30 Atlant

light automatic
grenade launcher

30 mm VOG-17M /
VOG-30 / GPD-30
1995–present TKB-722(K)
prototype
    Russia
AGS-40 Balkan

automatic
grenade launcher

40mm caseless 7P39 grenades 2017–present     Russia

Rocket launchers

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General purpose

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Weapon Caliber Penetration In service Variants Photo
RPG-7 Anti-tank
PG-7VL "Luch"
93mm, 2.6 kg, 1977

Tandem AT
PG-7VR "Rezyume"
105mm, 4.5 kg, 1988

Thermobaric
TBG-7V "Tanin"
105mm, 4.5 kg, 1988

Fragmentation
OG-7V "Oskolok"
40mm, 2.0 kg, 1998

Outdated (AT)
PG-7V (85/2.2/61)
PG-7VM (70/2.0/69)
PG-7VS (72/2.0/72)

260 mm (V)
300 mm (VM)
400 mm (VS)
500 mm (VL)
750 mm (VR)
1961–present
still used in large numbers
succeeded by
RPG-30 & RPG-32
RPG-7D
paratrooper

RPG-7N/DN
night vision scope

RPG-7V
improved optics

RPG-7V1/D1
updated optics
for PG-7VR and
TBG-7V

RPG-7V2/D2
universal optics

RPG-7D3

 
RPG-16 58,3mm HEAT 300mm (RHA) 1970s–1990s
RPG-26 Aglen

(one-shot disposable launcher)

72.5mm 440 mm 1985–present RShG-2 (combined
warhead (light))
 
RPG-27 Tavolga

(one-shot disposable launcher)

medium AT
rocket launcher

105mm 600 mm 1989–present RShG-1

RMG

 

External:
[2], [3]

RPG-29 Vampir

for ranges of 500–800
metres is installed on
tripod

105mm (AT,
thermobaric)
750 mm 1989–present  
RPG-32 Hashim

developed
in cooperation
with Jordan

72.5 and 105mm 650 mm 2008–present
RPG-28 Klyukva

(one-shot disposable launcher)

heavy AT
rocket launcher

125mm ~1000 mm 2011–present  
RPG-30 Kryuk

(one-shot disposable launcher)

105mm 600 mm 2012–present  

Incendiary and thermobaric

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Weapon Caliber In service Variants Photo
RPO Rys
Incendiary
rocket launcher
replaced the
flamethrower in
Soviet service
122mm late 1970s–present

succeeded by
RPO-A Shmel

 
RPO-A Shmel

(one-shot disposable launcher)

93mm late 1980s–present

succeeded by
RPO-M

RPO-A:
thermobaric
RPO-Z:
incendiary
RPO-D:
smoke warhead
RPO-M:
90mm reusable launcher
Bur:
62mm reusable launcher
 
MRO-A

(one-shot disposable launcher)

72.5mm 2002–present MRO-A:
thermobaric
MRO-Z:
incendiary
MRO-D:
smoke warhead
 
Varna

(Incendiary rocket launcher)

2005–present[14]

Special purpose

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Weapon Caliber In service Variants Photo
Grad-P Light portable
rocket system

man-portable variant
of BM-21 Grad MLRS

122mm 9M22M

10,800 / 15,000m
aiming / max. range

1960s–present  
DP-61 Duel 55mm depth charges late 1970s–present

supplemented by
DP-64

MRG-1 Ogonyok:
stationary variant
with 7 launch tubes
External:
[4]
DP-64 45mm depth charges 1990–present  

Recoilless rifles

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Weapon Caliber In service Variants Photo
SPG-9 Kopyo 73mm 1962–present SPG-9D
paratrooper variant

SPG-9(D)M
modernized

SPG-9(M)N/D(M)N
night vision scope

 

Mortars

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Weapon Caliber In service Variants Photo
82-BM-37
M37
M1937
PM37
82mm 1936–present
replaced by the Podnos
can still be found
in large numbers
M37M
M41
M43
 
2B14 Podnos 82mm 1980s–present  
2B25 Gall
suppressed mortar
82mm 2011–present

Anti-tank guided missiles

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Weapon Missile Range In service Variants Photo
9K111 Fagot /
AT-4 Spigot
9M111 2,000m 1970–present 9M111M  
9M113 Konkurs /
AT-5 Spandrel
9M113 4,000m 1974–present 9M113M  
9K115-2 Metis-M /
AT-13 Saxhorn-2
9M131 1,000m/ 2000m[15] 1992–present Metis-M / Metis-M1 HEAT tandem warhead, Armor penetration behind ERA 900–950 mm[16]  
9K135 Kornet /
AT-14 Spriggan

replaced 9M113 Konkurs

9M133-1
9M133F-1

9M133M-2
9M133FM-2
9M133FMX
5,500m

8,000–10,000m
1998–present[17] Kornet-E (export)
Kornet-D / EM
 
9K11-2 Malyutka-2 /
AT-3D Sagger D

modernized
Malyutka (1999)

9M14-2
9M14-2M
9M14-2P
9M14-2F
3,000m

min. 400m
1999–present Malyutka-2M  

Man-portable air defense system

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Weapon Range Altitude In service Variants Photo
Igla / SA-18 Grouse

succeeded by Igla-S

5,200m 3,500m 1981–present

Igla-1 (early variant;
NATO reporting name:
SA-16 Gimlet)

Igla-D (paratrooper
variant)

Dzhigit (two-barrel
stationary variant)

 
Igla-S / SA-24 Grinch

succeeded by 9K333 Verba

6,000m 3,500m 2004–present  
9K333 Verba 8,000m 4,500m 2014–present  

Landmines

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Weapon Type In service Variants Photo
POMZ Anti-personnel
tripwire type
fragmentation mine
1945 – late 1960s POMZ-2
POMZ-2M
 
PMN mine Anti-personnel late 1950s – present PMN-1
PMN-2
PMN-4
 
OZM anti-personnel
bounding
OZM-3
OZM-4
OZM-72
MON-50 anti-personnel
directional (Claymore) type
 
MON-90
larger version
of MON-50
anti-personnel
directional (Claymore) type
MON-100 anti-personnel
directional (Claymore) type
 
MON-200
larger version
of MON-100
anti-personnel
directional (Claymore) type,
can also be used against
light-skinned vehicles
and helicopters
TM-57 mine anti-tank  
TM-62 series of mines anti-tank TM-62M
TM-62B
TM-62D
TM-62P
TM-62T
 
TM-72 mine anti-tank
stand-off
magnetic fuze
TM-89  

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Udav Pistol". 28 January 2019.
  2. ^ "Poloz Pistol". 26 August 2020.
  3. ^ "Пистолеты НИИ Точмаш". Archived from the original on 16 June 2016. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
    one-shot pistol
  4. ^ "-2". Retrieved 13 November 2014.
  5. ^ "Официальный сайт группы предприятий "ИЖМАШ"". 9 November 2011. Archived from the original on 9 November 2011. Retrieved 28 December 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  6. ^ a b "New guns for Russia's cops – so what? – In Moscow's Shadows". In Moscow's Shadows. 23 October 2008. Retrieved 13 November 2014.
  7. ^ Lobaev SVL sniper rifle (Russia)
  8. ^ "ФСБ и Росгвардия приняли на вооружение уникальные винтовки "Точность"". 27 September 2017.
  9. ^ "firearm blog". 27 August 2020.
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