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List of European ultra-prominent peaks

This is a list of all the mountains in Europe with ultra-prominent peaks with topographic prominence greater than 1,500 metres or 4,900 feet.

European peaks by prominence

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Mont Blanc from the Tour du Mont Blanc trail

The column "Col" in the chart below denotes the highest elevation to which one must descend from a peak in order to reach peaks with higher elevations; note that the elevation of any peak is the sum of its prominence and col.

No Peak Country Elevation (m) Prominence (m) Col (m)
1 Mount Elbrus   Russia 5,642 4,741 901
2 Monte Bianco/ Mont Blanc   Italy/   France 4,810 4,697 113
3 Mount Etna   Italy (Sicily) 3,357 3,357 0
4 Mulhacén   Spain 3,479 3,285 194
5 Aneto   Spain 3,404 2,812 592
6 Monte Cinto   France (Corsica) 2,706 2,706 0
7 Corno Grande   Italy 2,912 2,476 436
8 Musala   Bulgaria 2,925 2,473 432
9 Mount Ida   Greece (Crete) 2,456 2,456 0
10 Grossglockner   Austria 3,798 2,423 1375

The above European Top 10 list excludes peaks on lands and islands that are part of European countries but are outside or on the limits of the European continent and its tectonic and geographic boundaries, like Teide (with prominence of 3,715 m, 12,188 ft), Tenerife Island, Spain; Belukha peak of the Altai Mountains in Russia (with prominence of 3,343 m, 10,968 ft); and Piton des Neiges (with prominence of 3,069 m, 10,069 ft), Réunion, France.

For ease of reference, the complete list below is divided into sections. Islands in the Atlantic, like Azores and Iceland, the Arctic archipelagos of Jan Mayen, Svalbard, and Novaya Zemlya, Mediterranean Sicily and the other Mediterranean islands, territories of European countries, have also been included as sections (with the exception of Greenland), and are taken into account for the Top 10 List, although being somehow on the European boundaries. Mount Etna active volcano is somehow on, or just outside the boundaries of the Eurasian Plate, resting on the subduction boundary where the African tectonic plate is being pushed under the Eurasian plate, but geographically is part of Europe, and is also included in the Top 10 list.

The sections include peaks on the African Plate, the Canary Islands and Madeira, and some peaks on or just outside the European boundaries located in the Caucasus Mountains (European Russia and the Caucasus states) and the Ural Mountains, both forming the geographic boundaries between the Europe and Asia, but those last mentioned aren't included in the Top 10 List. Mount Narodnaya, the highest peak in the Ural Mountains, is on the main watershed ridge, so on the limits of Europe, and cannot be considered a strictly European mountain and peak. Mount Elbrus is a dormant stratovolcano, forming part of the Caucasus Mountains, and geographically it is laying entirely in Europe and Russia, 20 km (12 mi) north of the main ridge and watershed of the Greater Caucasus, considered as the one that is forming the limits of Europe, that also forms great part of the length of the border between Russia and Georgia.[1] Mount Bazardüzü, also in the Caucasus, has a prominence of 2,454 metres (8,051 ft), but is located on the boundary between Europe and Asia, on the border between Russia and Azerbaijan, so it cannot be considered a strictly European mountain and peak.

Alps

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Main article: List of Alpine peaks by prominence

There are 44 ultra-prominent peaks, the 5 most prominant of which are:

No Peak Country Elevation (m) Prominence (m) Col height (m) Col location Parent
1 Mont Blanc France/Italy 4,810 4,697 113 somewhere along the Volga–Baltic Waterway[2] Mount Everest
2 Großglockner Austria 3,798 2,423 1375 Brenner Pass Mont Blanc
3 Finsteraarhorn Switzerland 4,274 2,279 1995 near Simplon Pass Mont Blanc
4 Wildspitze Austria 3,768 2,261 1507 Reschen Pass Finsteraarhorn1 / MB2
5 Piz Bernina Switzerland 4,048 2,236 1812 Maloja Pass Finsteraarhorn1 / MB2

Apennines, Italian peninsula and neighbouring islands

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Monte Cinto, Corsica
 
Corno Grande, Italy
No Peak Country Elevation (m) Prominence (m) Col (m)
1 Mount Etna   Italy (Sicily) 3,357 3,357 0
2 Monte Cinto   France (Corsica) 2,706 2,706 0
3 Corno Grande   Italy 2,912 2,476 436
4 Punta La Marmora   Italy (Sardinia) 1,834 1,834 0
5 Monte Amaro   Italy 2,795 1,812 983
6 Monte Dolcedorme   Italy 2,267 1,715 552
7 Montalto   Italy 1,955 1,709 246
8 Monte Cimone   Italy 2,165 1,577 588

Arctic islands

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Beerenberg, Norway
No Peak Country Elevation (m) Prominence (m) Col (m)
1 Beerenberg   Norway (Jan Mayen) 2,277 2,277 0
2 Newtontoppen   Norway (Svalbard) 1,717 1,717 0
3 Mount Kruzenshtern   Russia (Novaya Zemlya) 1,549 1,549 0

Atlantic islands

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Teide, Canary Islands (Spain)
No Peak Country Elevation (m) Prominence (m) Col (m)
1 Teide   Spain (Canaries) 3,715 3,715 0
2 Roque de los Muchachos   Spain (Canaries) 2,423 2,423 0
3 Mount Pico   Portugal (Azores) 2,351 2,351 0
4 Hvannadalshnúkur   Iceland 2,110 2,110 0
5 Pico de las Nieves   Spain (Canaries) 1,949 1,949 0
6 Pico Ruivo   Portugal (Madeira) 1,861 1,861 0
7 Pico de Malpaso   Spain (Canaries) 1,501 1,501 0

Southeast Europe

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Musala, Bulgaria
 
Mount Olympus, Greece
 
Maja e Jezercës, Albania
 
Vihren, Pirin Mountain, Bulgaria
 
Radomir/Kalabak/Kerkini, Belasitsa, Bulgaria and Greece
 
View of Botev Peak from I-6 road (Bulgaria)
No Peak Country Elevation (m) Prominence (m) Col (m)
1 Musala   Bulgaria 2,925 2,473 452
2 Mount Olympus (Mytikas)   Greece 2,917[3][4] 2,353[5] 564
3 Korab   Albania /   North Macedonia  2,764 2,169 595
5 Jezercë   Albania 2,694 2,036 658
6 Mount Athos   Greece 2,030 2,012 18
7 Mount Ossa   Greece 1,978 1,854 124
8 Maja e Papingut   Albania 2,482 1,792 690
9 Vihren   Bulgaria 2,914 1,783[6] 1131
10 Pangaion Hills   Greece 1,956 1,773 183
11 Kajmakchalan   North Macedonia /  Greece  2,528 1,758 770
12 Smolikas   Greece 2,637 1,736 901
13 Mount Giona   Greece 2,510 1,702 808
14 Jakupica   North Macedonia 2,540 1,666 874
15 Maja e Këndrevicës   Albania 2,121 1,666 455
16 Radomir   Bulgaria /   Greece 2,031 1,595 436
17 Mount Parnassus   Greece 2,457 1,590 867
18 Botev Peak   Bulgaria 2,376 1,567 809
19 Maja e Çikës   Albania 2,044 1,563 481
20 Valamara   Albania 2,373 1,526 847
21 Pelister   North Macedonia 2,601 1,516 1085
22 Psili Koryfi   Greece 1,589 1,514 75

Carpathian Mountains

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Gerlachovský štít, Slovakia
No Peak Country Elevation (m) Prominence (m) Col (m)
1 Gerlachovský štít   Slovakia 2,655 2,356 300
2 Parângu Mare   Romania 2,519 2,103 416
3 Moldoveanu Peak   Romania 2,544 2,046 498
4 Peleaga   Romania 2,509 1,759 750
5 Pietrosul Rodnei[7]   Romania 2,303 1,565 738

Caucasus Mountains

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Mount Elbrus, Russia, Europe
 
Dykh-Tau, Russia, Europe
 
Mount Addala-Shukhgelmeer, Russia, Europe
No Peak Country Elevation (m) Prominence (m) Col (m)
1 Mount Elbrus   Russia 5,642 4,741 901
2 Mount Bazarduzu   Russia /   Azerbaijan 4,466 2,454 2012
3 Mount Kazbek   Russia /   Georgia 5,034 2,353 2681
4 Tebulosmta   Russia /   Georgia 4,493 2,145 2348
5 Dykh-Tau   Russia 5,205 2,002 3203
6 Dyultydag   Russia 4,127 1,834 2293
7 Gora Addala Shukgelmezr   Russia 4,152 1,792 2360
8 Gora Shan   Russia /   Georgia 4,451 1,775 2676

The boundary between Asia and Europe is following the main ridge of the Caucasus Mountains, also forming most of the border between Georgia and Russia. From the above listed 8 peaks, four (Mount Elbrus, Dykh-Tau, Dyultydag, Gora Addala Shukgelmezr) are entirely in Europe, and four are on the border itself and so are both in Asia and Europe.

Crimea

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Roman-Kosh, Crimea
No Peak Country Elevation (m) Prominence (m) Col (m)
1 Roman-Kosh Territory of Ukraine, occupied by Russia[8] 1,545 1,541 4

Greek islands and Peloponnese

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Mount Ida, Greece
No Peak Country Elevation (m) Prominence (m) Col (m)
1 Mount Ida   Greece (Crete) 2,456 2,456 0
2 Taygetus   Greece 2,404 2,344 60
3 Lefka Ori   Greece (Crete) 2,453 2,038 415
4 Mount Kyllini   Greece 2,376 1,870 506
5 Dikti   Greece (Crete) 2,148 1,798 350
6 Dirfi   Greece (Euboea) 1,743 1,743 0
7 Mount Ainos   Greece (Kefalonia) 1,628 1,628 0
8 Fengari   Greece (Samothrace) 1,611 1,611 0

Pyrenees & Iberian Peninsula

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Torre de Cerredo, Spain
No Peak Country Elevation (m) Prominence (m) Col (m)
1 Mulhacén   Spain 3,479 3,285 194
2 Aneto   Spain 3,404 2,812 592
3 Torre de Cerredo   Spain 2,648 1,931 717
4 Pico Almanzor   Spain 2,592 1,690 902

Massif Central

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Puy de Sancy, France
No Peak Country Elevation (m) Prominence (m) Col (m)
1 Puy de Sancy   France 1,885 1,578 307

Scandinavia

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Galdhøpiggen, Oppland
No Peak Country Elevation (m) Prominence (m) Col (m)
1 Galdhøpiggen   Norway 2,469 2,372 97
2 Kebnekaise   Sweden 2,099 1,740 359
3 Jiehkkevárri   Norway 1,834 1,741 93
4 Snøhetta   Norway 2,286 1,675 611
5 Store Lenangstind   Norway 1,624 1,576 48
6 Sarektjåhkkå   Sweden 2,089 1,519 570

Ural Mountains

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No Peak Country Elevation (m) Prominence (m) Col (m)
1 Mount Narodnaya   Russia 1,894 1,772 123

Peaks over 1500 m elevation that miss the 1500-m cutoff

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Midžor, Bulgaria and Serbia
 
Dammastock, Switzerland
 
Ruen peak, Osogovo, Bulgaria and North Macedonia
No Peak Country Elevation (m) Prominence (m) Col (m)
1 Taillefer   France 2,857 1,490 1367
2 Monte Amiata   Italy 1,738 1,490 248
3 Midžor   Bulgaria/  Serbia 2,169[9] 1,479 690
4 Curcubăta Mare   Romania 1,849 1,478 371
5 Bobotov Kuk   Montenegro 2,522 1,477 1045
6 Monte Togano   Italy 2,301 1,474 827
7 Pourianos Stavros (Pelion)   Greece (Thessaly) 1,610 1,473 137
8 Torrecilla   Spain (Andalucia) 1,919 1,472 447
9 Dammastock   Switzerland (Urner) 3,630 1,465 2,165
10 Monte Vettore   Italy (Apennines) 2,476 1,463 1013
11 Raucheck   Austria 2,430 1,463 967
12 Haldensteiner Calanda   Switzerland 2,806 1,461 1,345
13 Gjegnen   Norway 1,670 1,460 210
14 Monte Cristallo[10]   Italy 3,221 1,420 1,801
15 Ruen[11]   Bulgaria /   North Macedonia 2,251 1,416 835
16 Schneeberg   Austria 2,076 1,348 728
17 Mount Yamantau   Russia 1,640 1,330 310
18 Cherni Vrah[12]   Bulgaria 2,290 1,259 1031
19 Torre   Portugal 1,993 1,204 789

Highest European ultra-prominent peaks

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List of the highest European ultra-prominent peaks (elevation above 2,900 m and prominence above 1,500 m):

No Peak Country Elevation (m) Prominence (m) Col (m)
1 Mount Elbrus   Russia 5,642 4,741 901
2 Dykh-Tau   Russia 5,205 2,002 3203
3 Mont Blanc   France/  Italy 4,810 4,697 113
4 Dufourspitze
(Monte Rosa) 		  Switzerland 4,634 2,165 2469
5 Grand Combin   Switzerland 4,314 1,517 2797
6 Finsteraarhorn   Switzerland 4,274 2,280 1994
7 Gora Addala Shukgelmezr   Russia 4,152 1,792 2360
8 Dyultydag   Russia 4,127 1,834 2293
9 Barre des Écrins   France 4,102 2,045 2057
10 Gran Paradiso   Italy 4,061 1,891 2170
11 Piz Bernina   Switzerland 4,049 2,234 1815
12 Ortler   Italy 3,905 1,953 1952
13 Monte Viso   Italy 3,841 2,062 1779
14 Grossglockner   Austria 3,798 2,423 1375
15 Wildspitze   Austria 3,768 2,261 1507
16 Tödi   Switzerland 3,614 1,570 2044
17 Presanella   Italy 3,558 1,676 1882
18 Mulhacén   Spain 3,479 3,285 194
19 Piz Kesch   Switzerland 3,418 1,502 1916
20 Aneto   Spain 3,404 2,812 592
21 Marmolada   Italy 3,343 2,131 1212
22 Mount Etna   Italy (Sicily) 3,357 3,357 0
23 Monte Antelao   Italy 3,264 1,735 1529
24 Dents du Midi   Switzerland 3,257 1,796 1461
25 Cima Tosa   Italy 3,173 1,521 1652
26 Pizzo di Coca   Italy 3,050 1,878 1172
27 Hoher Dachstein   Austria 2,995 2,136 859
28 Zugspitze   Austria/  Germany 2,962 1,746 1216
29 Hochkönig   Austria 2,941 2,181 760
30 Musala[13]   Bulgaria 2,925 2,473 432
31 Mount Olympus (Mytikas)   Greece 2,917[14][15] 2,353[16] 564
32 Vihren   Bulgaria 2,915 1,784[17] 1131
33 Corno Grande   Italy 2,912 2,476 436

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "CIA World Factbook – Russia, Geography". US CIA. US Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 22 February 2016.
  2. ^ "Volga-Baltic Canal". Peakbagger.
  3. ^ "Mount Olympus | mountain, Greece | Britannica".
  4. ^ "Olympus".
  5. ^ "Olympus - Peakbagger.com".
  6. ^ "Vihren - Peakbagger.com".
  7. ^ "The European 100 Finest Mountains ranked by primary factor".
  8. ^ This place is located on the Crimean peninsula, which is internationally recognized as part of Ukraine, but since 2014 under Russian occupation. According to the administrative-territorial division of Ukraine, there are the Ukrainian divisions (the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city with special status of Sevastopol) located on the peninsula. Russia claims these as federal subjects of the Russian Federation (the Republic of Crimea and the federal city of Sevastopol).
  9. ^ "Midžor - Peakbagger.com".
  10. ^ Peakvisor.com - Monte Cristallo
  11. ^ "Ruen - Peakbagger.com".
  12. ^ "Cherni Vrah - Peakbagger.com".
  13. ^ "Musala - Peakbagger.com".
  14. ^ "Mount Olympus | mountain, Greece | Britannica".
  15. ^ "Olympus".
  16. ^ "Olympus - Peakbagger.com".
  17. ^ "Vihren - Peakbagger.com".
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