Lipetsk Oblast (Russian: Липецкая область, romanized: Lipetskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).[12] Its administrative center is the city of Lipetsk. As of the 2021 Census, its population was 1,143,224.[13]
Lipetsk Oblast | |
|---|---|
| Липецкая область | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
_-_Lipetsk_Oblast.svg) | |
| Coordinates: 52°42′N 39°09′E / 52.700°N 39.150°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal district | Central[1] |
| Economic region | Central Black Earth[2] |
| Administrative center | Lipetsk[3] |
| Government | |
| • Body | Oblast Council of Deputies[4] |
| • Head[6] | Igor Artamonov[5] |
| Area | |
• Total | 24,047 km2 (9,285 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 71st |
| Population | |
• Total | 1,143,224 |
• Estimate (2018)[9] | 1,150,201 |
| • Rank | 43rd |
| • Density | 48/km2 (120/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 63.1% |
| • Rural | 36.9% |
| Time zone | UTC 3 (MSK  [10]) |
| ISO 3166 code | RU-LIP |
| License plates | 48 |
| OKTMO ID | 42000000 |
| Official languages | Russian[11] |
| Website | http://admlip.ru/ |
Geography
editLipetsk Oblast borders with Ryazan Oblast (NE), Tambov Oblast (E), Voronezh Oblast (S), Kursk Oblast (SW), Oryol Oblast (W), and Tula Oblast (NW).
History
editAccording to archaeologists and historians, the territory of the modern Lipetsk Oblast has been inhabited since ancient times. Even before the arrival of the Mongol-Tatar troops, the area had the following settlements: Yelets, Dobrinsk (presumed to be the village of Dobroye) Dubok (presumed to be the village Dubki) (Dankovsky District), Staroye Gorodische (presumably Bogorodskoye of the Dankovsky district) Vorgol (destroyed), Onuza (destroyed), Voronozh (destroyed), Lipets (destroyed) and others. During the Mongol invasion of Rus', many fortified cities were destroyed.
At the beginning of the period belonged to the disintegration of the Principality of Chernigov. After 1202, after the fall of Chernigov, Prince Igor Svyatoslavich Yelets arose, Lipetsk and Vorgolskoe fiefdoms. Taking advantage of the weakness of the Principality of Chernigov, Ryazan princes seized all the lands of the upper Don, Voronezh River and annexed them. The newly acquired territories in the south of the Ryazan principality subsequently used the name "Ryazan Ukraine."
The revival of the territory began after the expulsion of the nomads. In a relatively short period of time (end of the 16th and early 17th centuries) were built fortified city: Duncan Talitskii jail, Eletskaya fortress Lebedian. In 1635, construction began on a strong fortified line - Belgorod defense line, which in the Lipetsk region within a modern fortress stood out: Good, Sokolsk and Usman.
Near the plants have populations of workers. One of these settlements was working Lipetsk settlement that gave rise to the city of Lipetsk.
At this time, because of the creation of the Navy and the regular army increased the need for flax, hemp and wool. So begins to actively develop agriculture.
The 18th century saw the continued growth of large land estates. Lipetsk region, with its rich black earth, was the breadbasket of the Russian state. Subsequently, it became widely known as a resort town, mainly because of its mineral waters.
During the February Revolution, the October Revolution of 1917 and the Russian Civil War, the lives of many cultural values, private collections of art and literature, but because of the ensuing repression against the church and the "bourgeois past" seriously affected the architectural ensembles of the estates of the nobility, monasteries and churches.
The modern oblast was formed by the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on January 6, 1954 from parts of Voronezh, Ryazan, Tambov, Tula and Oryol Oblasts.[12]
Politics
edit
During the Soviet period, the high authority in the oblast was shared between three persons: The first secretary of the Lipetsk CPSU Committee (who in reality had the biggest authority), the chairman of the oblast Soviet (legislative power), and the chairman of the oblast Executive Committee (executive power). Since 1991, CPSU lost all the power, and the head of the Oblast administration, and eventually the governor was appointed/elected alongside elected regional parliament.
The Charter of Lipetsk Oblast is the fundamental law of the region. The current charter was adopted on 27 March, 2003. The Lipetsk Oblast Council of Deputies is the province's standing legislative (representative) body. The Council of Deputies consists of 56 deputies elected for a five-year term by the Oblast's inhabitants and exercises its authority by passing laws, resolutions, and other legal acts and by supervising the implementation and observance of the laws and other legal acts passed by it. The current head of the Council of Deputies is Pavel Putilin.
The highest executive body is the Oblast Government, which includes territorial executive bodies such as district administrations, committees, and commissions that facilitate development and run the day to day matters of the province. The Oblast administration supports the activities of the Governor who is the highest official, who is elected by the Oblast's inhabitants for a five year term and acts as guarantor of the observance of the oblast Charter in accordance with the Constitution of Russia.
Since 2019, the Governor is Igor Artamonov.
Representatives of the Lipetsk Oblast in the Federation Council of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation are:
- Maksim Kavdzharadze — a representative of the legislative (representative) body of state power of the Lipetsk Oblast;
- Oksana Khlyakina — representative from the executive body of state power of the Lipetsk Oblast.
Representatives of the Lipetsk Oblast in the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation are:
- Nikolay Bortsov (United Russia);
- Mikhail Tarasenko (United Russia);
- Darya Lukina (United Russia);
- Mikhail Gulevsky (United Russia).
Economy
editThe most important industrial branches are the iron processing and the mechanical engineering. The most industrialized cities are Lipetsk, the administrative center, and Yelets. The region's fuel and energy complex is represented by petroleum product marketing companies, a network of consumer gas pipelines, and a power grid.
The largest companies in the region include NLMK (revenues of $7.06 billion in 2017), Cherkizovo Pig Farming ($421.65 million), JSC Progress (baby food manufacturer$, 347.94 million), and the local branch of Indesit ($342.8 million).[14]
Agriculture
editCrop cultivation and horticulture form the basis of the region's agriculture. Livestock farming specializes in cattle, pigs, goats, sheep, and poultry. The processing industry is also well developed.
Administrative divisions
editDemographics
edit| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1959 | 1,141,567 | — |
| 1970 | 1,224,344 | 7.3% |
| 1979 | 1,224,653 | 0.0% |
| 1989 | 1,230,220 | 0.5% |
| 2002 | 1,213,499 | −1.4% |
| 2010 | 1,173,513 | −3.3% |
| 2021 | 1,143,224 | −2.6% |
| Source: Census data | ||
Population: 1,143,224 (2021 Census);[13] 1,173,513 (2010 Census);[15] 1,213,499 (2002 Census);[16] 1,230,220 (1989 Soviet census).[17]
Vital statistics for 2022:[18][19]
- Births: 8,147 (7.3 per 1,000)
- Deaths: 17,243 (15.5 per 1,000)
Total fertility rate (2022):[20]
1.20 children per woman
Life expectancy (2021):[21]
Total — 68.58 years (male — 63.89, female — 73.30)
Ethnic composition (2010):[15]
- Russians: 96.3%
- Ukrainians: 0.9%
- Armenians: 0.6%
- Azerbaijanis: 0.3%
- Others: 1.9%
- 45,268 people were registered from administrative databases, and could not declare an ethnicity. It is estimated that the proportion of ethnicities in this group is the same as that of the declared group.[22]
Religion
editAccording to a 2012 survey[23] 71.3% of the population of Lipetsk Oblast adheres to the Russian Orthodox Church, 3% are unaffiliated generic Christians, 1% are Muslims, and 1% of the population adheres to the Slavic native faith (Rodnovery) movement. In addition, 15% of the population declares to be "spiritual but not religious", 6% is atheist, and 2.7% follows other religions or did not give an answer to the question.[23]
Attractions
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The world's first hyperboloid structure—a steel open-work lattice tower—is located in Polibino, Dankovsky District of Lipetsk Oblast. The hyperboloid tower was built and patented in 1896 by the famous Russian engineer and scientist Vladimir Shukhov. The hyperboloid structures were subsequently built by other architects, such as Antoni Gaudí, Le Corbusier, and Oscar Niemeyer.
References
edit
Notes
edit- ^ Президент Российской Федерации. Указ №849 от 13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». Вступил в силу 13 мая 2000 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства РФ", No. 20, ст. 2112, 15 мая 2000 г. (President of the Russian Federation. Decree #849 of May 13, 2000 On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District. Effective as of May 13, 2000.).
- ^ Госстандарт Российской Федерации. №ОК 024-95 27 декабря 1995 г. «Общероссийский классификатор экономических регионов. 2. Экономические районы», в ред. Изменения №5/2001 ОКЭР. (Gosstandart of the Russian Federation. #OK 024-95 December 27, 1995 Russian Classification of Economic Regions. 2. Economic Regions, as amended by the Amendment #5/2001 OKER. ).
- ^ Charter of Lipetsk Oblast, Article 13
- ^ Charter of Lipetsk Oblast, Article 25
- ^ Official website of the Administration of Lipetsk Oblast. Oleg Petrovich Korolyov, Head of the Administration of Lipetsk Oblast (in Russian)
- ^ Charter of Lipetsk Oblast, Article 40
- ^ "Сведения о наличии и распределении земель в Российской Федерации на 01.01.2019 (в разрезе субъектов Российской Федерации)". Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography. Archived from the original on February 9, 2022. Retrieved August 29, 2023.
- ^ "Оценка численности постоянного населения по субъектам Российской Федерации". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved September 1, 2022.
- ^ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Official throughout the Russian Federation according to Article 68.1 of the Constitution of Russia.
- ^ a b c Decree of January 6, 1954
- ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service. Всероссийская перепись населения 2020 года. Том 1 [2020 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1] (XLS) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ Выписки ЕГРЮЛ и ЕГРИП, проверка контрагентов, ИНН и КПП организаций, реквизиты ИП и ООО. СБИС (in Russian). Retrieved October 20, 2018.
- ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ "Information on the number of registered births, deaths, marriages and divorces for January to December 2022". ROSSTAT. Archived from the original on March 2, 2023. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
- ^ "Birth rate, mortality rate, natural increase, marriage rate, divorce rate for January to December 2022". ROSSTAT. Archived from the original on March 2, 2023. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
- ^ Суммарный коэффициент рождаемости [Total fertility rate]. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (in Russian). Archived from the original (XLSX) on August 10, 2023. Retrieved August 10, 2023.
- ^ "Демографический ежегодник России" [The Demographic Yearbook of Russia] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service of Russia (Rosstat). Retrieved June 1, 2022.
- ^ "ВПН-2010". www.perepis-2010.ru. Retrieved April 5, 2018.
- ^ a b c "Arena: Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia". Sreda, 2012.
- ^ 2012 Arena Atlas Religion Maps. "Ogonek", № 34 (5243), 27/08/2012. Retrieved 21/04/2017. Archived.
Sources
edit- Липецкий областной Совет депутатов. №46-ОЗ 9 апреля 2003 г. «Устав Липецкой области», в ред. Закона №329-ОЗ от 5 декабря 2014 г. «О поправках к Уставу Липецкой области Российской Федерации». Опубликован: "Липецкая газета", №71, 17 апреля 2003 г. (Lipetsk Oblast Council of Deputies. Law #46-OZ of April 9, 2003 Charter of Lipetsk Oblast, as amended by the Law #329-OZ of December 5, 2014 On the Amendments to the Charter of Lipetsk Oblast of the Russian Federation. ).
- Президиум Верховного Совета СССР. Указ от 6 января 1954 г. «Об образовании в составе РСФСР Липецкой области». (Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. Decree of January 6, 1954 On Establishing Lipetsk Oblast Within the RSFSR. ).