The Liberation War Museum (Bengali: মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জাদুঘর, romanized: Muktijuddho Jadughôr) is a museum at Agargaon in Dhaka,[1] the capital of Bangladesh, which commemorates the Bangladesh Liberation War that led to the independence of Bangladesh from Pakistan.
মুক্তিযুদ্ধ জাদুঘর | |
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 Liberation War Museum in 2024 | |
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| Established | 22 March 1996 |
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| Location | F11/A & F11/B, Sher-e Bangla Nagar Civic Centre, Agargaon, Dhaka |
| Collection size | 21,000 artifacts |
| Website | liberationwarmuseumbd |
History
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The Liberation War Museum began under the initiative of an eight-person board of trustees as a means of preserving the memory of the 1971 Liberation War. The trustees sought donations from the general public to fund the museum and for the general public to come forward with artifacts to be displayed artifacts from the war, including personal belongings, weapons and human remains, as well as creating an archive of documents and personal histories related to the war. Over the years, the museum collected more than 21,000 artifacts (as of 2016) with some as exhibits on display in the museum and many more stored in its archives. The museum describes itself as "the outcome of a citizens' effort"[2] due to the crowd-funded nature of the museum (which is independent of the Govt. of Bangladesh) and the collective contribution of the general public to the museum's collection.
Relocation
editDue to a lack of space, it was only possible to display a fraction of the collected artifacts at the original premises so it was decided that bigger and more modern premises were required. In 2009, an architectural contest was held for the new design of the museum, with architects Tanzim Hasan Salim and Naheed Farzana winning the first prize for their designs. In 2013, land was acquired in Agargaon for the new building and construction began. The new premises of the Liberation War Museum were officially opened on 16 April 2017.[3] The new building provided much more space, with 3500 square meters of gallery space.
Galleries
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Note: These paragraphs relate specifically to the galleries of the older (pre-2017) premises.
The galleries begin with coverage of the early history of Bangladesh and the Indian independence movement against British Raj in Bengal. A major section records the events of the Language Movement for the recognition of the Bengali language in Pakistan, which is regarded as the beginning of the movement for Bangladesh's independence. Several galleries highlight the building sectional conflict between West Pakistan and Bangladesh (then East Pakistan), the rise of Bengali nationalist leader Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and the events of 1971, when the postponement by Pakistan's military ruler Gen. Yahya Khan of the convening of the National Assembly of Pakistan, in which Sheikh Mujib's Awami League had won a majority, led to the call for the independence of Bangladesh.
The coverage of the liberation war includes the training and operations of the Mukti Bahini, the guerrilla army built by the Awami League to resist Pakistani forces. Several galleries focus on the genocide carried out by the Pakistani army against the Bengali population, with Operation Searchlight targeting Bengali intellectuals, students, Hindus and Awami League leaders, and the humanitarian crisis created with the pouring of an estimated ten million refugees into neighbouring India.[1]
The coverage of the war continues to India's support for the Mukti Bahini and its subsequent direct intervention with the outbreak of the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, which led to the surrender of all Pakistani forces in Bangladesh on 16 December 1971.
The galleries display the weapons used by the Mukti Bahini, personal effects of many Mukti Bahini fighters and civilian victims of the atrocities committed by Pakistani forces, many donated by their families after the conflict. Also displayed are remains of human skulls and bones retrieved from mass graves of civilians killed by Pakistani forces.
Activities
editThe museum is involved in a number of outreach and reachout programs.[4] These include programs working with schools to educate the youth about the Liberation War as well as regular conferences and seminars within the museum premises. The museum also supported for varied art and cultural events. Commissioned artworks and collaborated artist art projects. Under the patronage of the museum, it had several art exhibitions including a Photographic exhibition on the "Liberation War : Towards 25th Anniversary" held at ‘ La Galerie' in Dhaka [March, 1995], published a Photographic album containing 100 historic photographs portraying the Liberation struggle of Bangali people from the beginning (British Period) ending with the establishment of Bangladesh. The format of this album was such that it could be mounted anywhere for an exhibition [December, 1994], commissioned and collaborated (along with EMK center Dhaka) the war related art project of artist Firoz Mahmud's Sucker wfp21 project [March, 2016] among many others.[citation needed]
International links
editIn 2006, the museum was fitted with modern audiovisual and exhibition equipment as a donation from the Japanese government to help preserve the culture and heritage of Bangladesh's independence movement.[5] The museum is an institutional member of the American Alliance of Museums.[6] It is also a founder member of the International Coalition of Historic Site Museums of Conscience.[7]
Board of trustees
editThe eight person board of trustees of the museum include: Aly Zaker, Asaduzzaman Noor, Sara Zaker, Sarwar Ali, Mofidul Hoque, Ziauddin Tariq Ali, Rabiul Hussain and H. Akku Chowdhury.[8]
Criticism
editThe museum has been accused of censorship and downplaying the persecution of Biharis.[9]
In 2020, the museum removed books on US documents related to the 1971.[10]
The museum also terms massacres against Biharis as "isolated incidents," and "not a systematic genocide."[9]
See also
edit- Muktijuddho e-Archive, a Digital Library, working to 'preserve and publicly distribute' the historical documents regarding the Liberation War of Bangladesh and Genocide of Innocent Bengali People in 1971.
References
edit- ^ a b Sirajul Islam; Miah, Sajahan; Khanam, Mahfuza; Ahmed, Sabbir, eds. (2012). "Liberation War Museum". Banglapedia: the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. ISBN 984-32-0576-6. OCLC 52727562. OL 30677644M. Retrieved 19 December 2024.
- ^ "About Us". 14 March 2018. Archived from the original on 14 March 2018. Retrieved 26 December 2018.
- ^ "Re-visiting the Liberation War Museum". The Daily Star. 15 August 2017. Archived from the original on 16 June 2023. Retrieved 26 December 2018.
- ^ "Projects and Programs – Liberation War Museum". 2 February 2018. Archived from the original on 2 February 2018. Retrieved 26 December 2018.
- ^ "Japan's Support to Liberation War Museum". The Japanese Embassy to Bangladesh. March 2006. Archived from the original on 31 May 2023. Retrieved 30 June 2017.
- ^ "Liberation War Museum:Executive Summary". The Liberation War Museum, Dhaka. 2004. Archived from the original on 13 August 2022. Retrieved 6 January 2017.
- ^ "Home". liberationwarmuseum.org. Archived from the original on 4 August 2022. Retrieved 9 September 2014.
- ^ "Board of Trustees – Liberation War Museum". 14 March 2018. Archived from the original on 14 March 2018. Retrieved 26 December 2018.
- ^ a b "Bangladesh war trial sparks rival calls for justice". Dawn. Agence France-Presse. 23 November 2011. Retrieved 26 April 2023.
- ^ "Bangladesh: The manuscript of a forbidden history". South Asia Journal. 15 February 2020. Archived from the original on 29 April 2023. Retrieved 26 April 2023.