Wikipedia

Lepraria

Lepraria is a genus of leprose (powdery) crustose lichens that grows on its substrate like patches of granular, caked up, mealy dust grains.[2][3] Members of the genus are commonly called dust lichens.[3]: 305 [4][5] The main vegetative body (thallus) is made of patches of soredia (little balls of algae wrapped in fungus).[3] There are no known mechanisms for sexual reproduction, yet members of the genus continue to speciate.[2][3] Some species can form marginal lobes and appear squamulose.[3] Because of the morphological simplicity of the thallus and the absence of sexual structures, the composition of lichen products (i.e., secondary metabolites made by lichens) are important characters to distinguish between similar species in Lepraria.[6]

Lepraria
Lepraria lobificans
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Lecanoromycetes
Order: Lecanorales
Family: Stereocaulaceae
Genus: Lepraria
Ach. (1803)
Type species
Lepraria incana
(L.) Ach. (1803)
Synonyms[1]
  • Pulina Adans (1763)
  • Conia Vent. (1799)
  • Epinyctis Wallr. (1831)
  • Amphiloma Nyl. (1855)
  • Leproloma Nyl. (1883)
  • Leproloma Nyl. ex Cromb. (1894)

Taxonomy

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Lepraria was circumscribed in 1803 by Swedish lichenologist Erik Acharius.[7] Jack Laundon assigned Lepraria incana as the type species of the genus in 1992.[8] It is in the family Stereocaulaceae.[9]

Species

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Lepraria finkii
 
Lepraria harrisiana
 
Lepraria lanata
 
Lepraria xerophila

References

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  1. ^ "Synonymy. Current Name: Lepraria Ach., Methodus, Sectio prior (Stockholmiæ): 3 (1803)". Species Fungorum. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  2. ^ a b A taxonomic revision of the North American species of Lepraria s.l. that produce divaricatic acid, with notes on the type species of the genus L. incana, James C. Lendemer , Mycologia 103(6): 1216-1229, [1]
  3. ^ a b c d e Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, ISBN 978-0-300-19500-2
  4. ^ Dust Lichen (Lepraria), Encyclopedia of Life
  5. ^ USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Name Search
  6. ^ Fehrer, Judith; Slavíková-Bayerová, Štěpánka; Orange, Alan (2008). "Large genetic divergence of new, morphologically similar species of sterile lichens from Europe (Lepraria, Stereocaulaceae, Ascomycota): concordance of DNA sequence data with secondary metabolites". Cladistics. 24 (4): 443–458. doi:10.1111/j.1096-0031.2008.00216.x. PMID 34879629.
  7. ^ Acharius, E. (1803). Methodus qua Omnes Detectos Lichenes Secundum Organa Carpomorpha ad Genera, Species et Varietates Redigere atque Observationibus Illustrare Tentavit Erik Acharius (in Latin). Stockholm: Impensis F.D.D. Ulrich. p. 3.
  8. ^ Laundon, Jack R. (1992). "Lepraria in the British Isles". The Lichenologist. 24 (4): 315–350. doi:10.1017/S002428299200046X.
  9. ^ Sharnoff S, Brodo IM, Sharnoff SD (2001). Lichens of North America. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-08249-5.
  10. ^ Flakus, Adam; Elix, John A.; Rodriguez, Pamela; Kukwa, Martin (2007). "New species and records of Lepraria (Stereocaulaceae, lichenized Ascomycota) from South America". The Lichenologist. 43 (1): 57–66. doi:10.1017/S0024282910000502.
  11. ^ Elix, J.A. (2013). "New crustose lichen taxa (lichenized Ascomycota) from Australia". Australasian Lichenology. 73: 45–53.
  12. ^ Orange, A. (2001). "Lepraria atlantica, a new species from the British Isles". The Lichenologist. 33 (6): 461–465. doi:10.1006/lich.2001.0361.
  13. ^ Orange, Alan; Wolseley, Patricia (2005). "Two new thamnolic acid-containing Lepraria species from Thailand". The Lichenologist. 37 (3): 247–250. doi:10.1017/S0024282905015136.
  14. ^ a b c d Lendemer, James C. (2010). "Notes on Lepraria s.l. (Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota) in North America: New species, new reports, and preliminary keys". Brittonia. 62 (3): 267–292. doi:10.1007/s12228-010-9142-4. JSTOR 40980940.
  15. ^ Tønsberg, T. (2002). "Notes on non-corticolous Lepraria s. lat. in Norway". Graphis Scripta. 13 (2): 45–51.
  16. ^ Lohtander, K. (1994). "The genus Lepraria in Finland". Annales Botanici Fennici. 31 (4): 223–231.
  17. ^ Lendemer, J.C.; Tønsberg, T. (2014). "Lepraria brodoi (Stereocaulaceae, Lichenized Ascomycetes), a new species from the temperate rainforests of western Canada and southeastern Alaska, U.S.A.". Opuscula Philolichenum. 13: 20–25.
  18. ^ Lendemer, J.C. (2005). "Lichens of Eastern North America Exsiccati. Fascicle IV, nos. 151–200". Opuscula Philolichenum. 2: 37–52.
  19. ^ a b c Barcenas-Peña, Alejandrina; Diaz, Rudy; Grewe, Felix; Widhelm, Todd; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2021). "Contributions to the phylogeny of Lepraria (Stereocaulaceae) species from the Southern Hemisphere, including three new species". The Bryologist. 124 (4): 494–505. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-124.4.494.
  20. ^ Elix, J.A. (2008). "Additional new lichen taxa (lichenized Ascomycota) from Australia". Australasian Lichenology. 63: 30–36.
  21. ^ Tønsberg, T.; Zhurbenko, M. (2006). "Lepraria gelida, a new species from the Arctic". Graphis Scripta. 18: 64.
  22. ^ Slavíková-Bayerová, Štěpánka; Fehrer, Judith (2007). "New species of the Lepraria neglecta group (Stereocaulaceae, Ascomycota) from Europe". The Lichenologist. 39 (4): 319–327. doi:10.1017/s0024282907006688.
  23. ^ Lendemer, J.C. (2012). "Perspectives on chemotaxonomy: molecular data confirm the existence of two morphologically distinct species within a chemically defined Lepraria caesiella (Stereocaulaceae)". Castanea. 77 (1): 89–105. doi:10.2179/11-042.
  24. ^ Baajpai, R.; Nayaka, S.; Upreti, D.K. (2018). "The Lichen genera Lepraria (Stereocaulaceae) and Leprocaulon (Leprocaulaceae) in India". Phytotaxa. 356 (2): 101–116. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.356.2.1.
  25. ^ Kukwa, Martin (2018). "Lepraria juanfernandezii, a new lichen species from the Southern Hemisphere". Plant and Fungal Systematics. 64 (2): 233–235. doi:10.2478/pfs-2019-0019.
  26. ^ a b Tønsberg, T. (2007). "Notes on the lLichen genus Lepraria in Great Smoky Mountains National Park; southeastern North America: Lepraria lanata and L. salazinica spp. nov". Opuscula Philolichenum. 4: 51–54.
  27. ^ Lendemer, James C. (2010). "Lepraria larrainiana (Stereocaulaceae, lichenized Ascomycetes), a new species from central Chile". Gayana Botánica. 67 (2): 238–241. doi:10.4067/S0717-66432010000200010.
  28. ^ Elix, J.A. (2006). "New species of sterile crustose lichens from Australasia". Mycotaxon. 94: 219–224.
  29. ^ Fryday, Alan M.; Øvstedal, Dag O. (2012). "New species, combinations and records of lichenized fungi from the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)". The Lichenologist. 44 (4): 483–500. doi:10.1017/s0024282912000163.
  30. ^ Aptroot, A. (2002). "New and interesting lichens and lichenicolous fungi in Brazil" (PDF). Fungal Diversity. 9 (1): 15–45.
  31. ^ Lumbsch, H.T.; Ahti, T.; Altermann, S.; De Paz, G.A.; Aptroot, A.; Arup, U.; et al. (2011). "One hundred new species of lichenized fungi: a signature of undiscovered global diversity". Phytotaxa. 18 (1): 81–82. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.18.1.1. hdl:11336/4198.
  32. ^ Elix, J.A. (2006). "A new species of Lepraria (lichenized Ascomycota) from Australia". Australasian Lichenology. 58: 20–23.
  33. ^ Slavíková-Bayerová, štěpánka; Orange, Alan (2006). "Three new species of Lepraria (Ascomycota, Stereocaulaceae) containing fatty acids and atranorin". The Lichenologist. 38 (6): 503–513. doi:10.1017/S0024282906006177.
  34. ^ Pérez-Ortega, S.; Spribille, T. (2009). "Lepraria torii, a new epiphytic species with fumarprotocetraric acid from northwest North America". Graphis Scripta. 21 (2): 36–41.
  35. ^ Nash, T.H. III; Ryan, B.D.; Diederich, P.; Gries, C.; Bungartz, F. (2004). Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region. Vol. 2. Tempe: Lichens Unlimited, Arizona State University. p. 665. ISBN 978-0-9716759-1-9.
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