Lee Vining Creek is a 16.2-mile-long (26.1 km)[3] stream in Mono County, California, flowing into the endorheic basin of Mono Lake. It is the second largest stream flowing into the lake, after Rush Creek.
| Lee Vining Creek | |
|---|---|
 Lee Vining Creek near Mono Lake | |
 | |
| Location | |
| Country | United States |
| State | California |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | Conness Lakes |
| • location | Sierra Nevada |
| • coordinates | 37°58′36″N 119°18′23″W / 37.97667°N 119.30639°W |
| • elevation | 10,617 ft (3,236 m) |
| Mouth | Mono Lake |
• location | 1 mi (1.6 km) north of Lee Vining |
• coordinates | 37°58′40″N 119°06′07″W / 37.97778°N 119.10194°W |
• elevation | 6,378 ft (1,944 m) |
| Length | 16 mi (26 km), west-east |
| Basin size | 36 sq mi (93 km2) |
| Discharge | |
| • location | Lee Vining, CA[1] |
| • average | 65.4 cu ft/s (1.85 m3/s)[2] |
| • minimum | 8.67 cu ft/s (0.246 m3/s) |
| • maximum | 590 cu ft/s (17 m3/s) |
| Basin features | |
| Tributaries | |
| • left | Warren Fork |
| • right | Mine Creek |
Geography
editThe stream rises near Tioga Pass in the Eastern Sierra Nevada, more than 10,000 feet (3,000 m) above sea level, in the Hoover Wilderness of the Inyo National Forest just outside the eastern boundary of Yosemite National Park. The headwaters of the creek consist of many high-altitude lakes, Saddlebag Lake being the largest, as well as permanent snowfields and the Conness Glacier. It flows southeast to Ellery Lake, a natural lake enlarged by a dam, where it turns east and drops over Ellery Lake Falls into the deep Lee Vining Canyon. From there, it flows eastwards out of the mountains past the small town of Lee Vining. The creek terminates at a small sandy delta on the western shore of Mono Lake.
Human use
editThe Lee Vining Canyon provides the route for California State Route 120 (Tioga Pass Road), the main road crossing Yosemite. Due to the ruggedness of the area, the construction of the road along the sheer canyon walls during the 1930s was the most difficult part of the trans-Sierra crossing. Route 120 joins U.S. Route 395 in Lee Vining just north of the US 395 bridge over Lee Vining Creek.
The creek is used for hydropower generation at the Poole power plant operated by Southern California Edison, located within Lee Vining Canyon. Water impounded by dams at Ellery (formerly Rhinedollar) and Saddlebag Lakes are released to generate power over a total drop of 1,700 feet (520 m). The original hydroelectric system, developed by Nevada-California Power Company in the 1920s, was larger and consisted of three power plants known as Lee Vining Nos. 1, 2 and 3. Today, only Lee Vining No. 1 remains operational.[4][5]
A portion of the creek is diverted into the Second Los Angeles Aqueduct near Lee Vining to provide water to metropolitan Southern California. The diversion of Lee Vining Creek and other streams such as Rush Creek and Mill Creek has led to a severe reduction in streamflow and a drop in lake level, damaging the fragile ecosystem of the lake.
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ "Surface Water data for USA: Surface-Water Monthly Statistics". USGS.
- ^ "Surface Water data for USA: Surface-Water Monthly Statistics". USGS.
- ^ U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. The National Map Archived 2012-03-29 at the Wayback Machine, accessed March 17, 2011
- ^ "Proposal to Establish a Regional General Permit for Maintenance of Existing Hydro Electric Generation Facilities in Inyo and Mono Counties, California" (PDF). U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. 2013.
- ^ "Historic Overview of the Rush Creek and Lee Vinlng Creek Hydroelectric Projects" (PDF). Theodoratus Cultural Research, Inc. 1988.
External links
edit- Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. CA-180-A, "Lee Vining Creek Hydroelectric System, Triplex Cottage, Lee Vining Creek, Lee Vining, Mono County, CA", 38 photos, 10 data pages, 6 photo caption pages
- HAER No. CA-298-A, "Los Angeles Aqueduct, Lee Vining Intake Structure", 3 photos, 1 photo caption page