I-182 (originally I-82) was am Imperial Japanese Navy Kaidai-type cruiser submarine of the KD7 sub-class commissioned in 1943. During World War II, she was lost in 1943 while on her first war patrol.
 Sister ship I-176 at sea, 1942
| |
| History | |
|---|---|
 Empire of Japan | |
| Name | I-82 |
| Builder | Yokosuka Naval Arsenal, Yokosuka, Japan |
| Laid down | 10 November 1941 |
| Renamed | I-182 on 20 May 1942 |
| Launched | 30 May 1942 |
| Completed | 10 May 1943 |
| Fate | Lost early September 1943 (see text) |
| Stricken | 1 December 1943 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | Kaidai type, KD7-class |
| Displacement |
|
| Length | 105.5 m (346 ft 2 in) |
| Beam | 8.25 m (27 ft 1 in) |
| Draft | 4.6 m (15 ft 1 in) |
| Installed power |
|
| Propulsion | |
| Speed |
|
| Range |
|
| Test depth | 80 m (262 ft) |
| Complement | 86 |
| Armament |
|
Design and description
editThe submarines of the KD7 sub-class were medium-range attack submarines developed from the preceding KD6 sub-class. They displaced 1,862 metric tons (1,833 long tons) surfaced and 2,644 metric tons (2,602 long tons) submerged. The submarines were 105.5 meters (346 ft 2 in) long and had a beam of 8.25 meters (27 ft 1 in) and a draft of 4.6 meters (15 ft 1 in). They had a diving depth of 80 m (262 ft) and a complement of 86 officers and crewmen.[1]
For surface running, the submarines were powered by two 4,000-brake-horsepower (2,983 kW) diesel engines, each driving one propeller shaft. When submerged, each propeller was driven by a 900-horsepower (671 kW) electric motor. The submarines could reach 23 knots (43 km/h; 26 mph) on the surface and 8 knots (15 km/h; 9.2 mph) submerged. On the surface, the KD7s had a range of 8,000 nautical miles (15,000 km; 9,200 mi) at 16 knots (30 km/h; 18 mph); submerged, they had a range of 50 nmi (93 km; 58 mi) at 5 knots (9.3 km/h; 5.8 mph).[2]
The submarines were armed with six internal 53.3 cm (21.0 in) torpedo tubes, all in the bow. They carried one reload for each tube, a total of 12 torpedoes. They were originally intended to be armed with two twin-gun mounts for the 25 mm (1.0 in) Type 96 anti-aircraft gun, but a 120 mm (4.7 in) deck gun was substituted for one 25 mm mount during construction.[3]
Construction and commissioning
editI-182 was laid down at the Yokosuka Naval Arsenal in Yokosuka, Japan, on 10 November 1941 as I-82.[4] Renamed I-182 on 20 May 1942,[4] she was launched on 30 May 1942.[4] She was completed and commissioned on 10 May 1943.[1][4][5]
Service history
editFirst war patrol
editI-182 departed Sasebo, Japan, on 8 August 1943 bound for Truk Atoll in the Caroline Islands, which she reached on 15 August 1943.[4][5] She got underway from Truk on 22 August 1943[4][5] to begin her first war patrol, assigned a patrol area in the vicinity of Espiritu Santo[4] in the New Hebrides.[4][5] She did not return from her patrol.
Loss
editThe exact circumstances of I-182′s loss remain unknown. I-182 and the submarine I-20 both were patrolling in the vicinity of the New Hebrides at the time, and neither returned.[5][6] United States Navy forces reported two successful antisubmarine attacks off Espiritu Santo in early September 1943.[5][6]
The first action took place on 1 September 1943, when the destroyer USS Wadsworth (DD-516), operating as part of a hunter-killer group, began a search for a reported Japanese submarine off Espiritu Santo at 10:55.[5] After searching on a north-south axis, she picked up a strong sonar contact at 13:00,[5] and dropped a pattern of ten depth charges set to explode at an average depth of 150 feet (46 m).[5] The attack produced no signs of success, so Wadsworth commenced a second attack, with her depth charges set for an average of 250 feet (76 m).[5] The submarine turned to port just before Wadsworth launched the depth charges, then headed south before turning northeast, creating an underwater wake that degraded Wadsworth′s sonar detection capability.[5] Wadsworth made several attack runs without dropping depth charges before firing a deep pattern set to explode at an average depth of 425 feet (130 m).[5] This resulted in a very large air bubble rising to the surface, but no other sign of a submarine in distress.[5] Wadsworth continued to pursue the submarine, which maneuvered to create more underwater turbulence in an attempt to defeat Wadsworth′s sonar.[5] Wadsworth dropped a final pattern of ten depth charges set to explode at an average depth of 250 feet (76 m), then turned east and opened the range.[5] A PBY Catalina flying boat reported debris and a 400-by-600-yard (370 by 550 m) oil slick that smelled like diesel fuel on the surface just south of the location of Wadsworth′s final attack.[5] Wooden debris also was sighted on the surface at 15°38′S 166°57′E / 15.633°S 166.950°E.[5]
The second action occurred on 3 September 1943, when the destroyer USS Ellet (DD-398) conducted a sweep for a reported Japanese submarine off Espiritu Santo.[6] Ellet picked up a radar contact at a range of 13,000 yards (11,900 m) at 19:35, closed to a range of about 5,000 yards (4,600 m), and challenged the unseen contact with a visual signal.[6] After Ellet received no reply, she illuminated the area with star shells.[6] The target disappeared from radar at a range of 3,400 yards (3,100 m), but Ellet then picked up a sonar contact at a range of 3,000 yards (2,700 m).[6] Between 20:12 and 20:38 Ellet conducted a series of depth charge attacks.[6] She lost sonar contact at 20:59, and at dawn on 4 September 1943 a large oil slick and debris were sighted on the surface at 13°10′S 165°28′E / 13.167°S 165.467°E.[6]
The submarines Wadsworth and Ellet sank remain unidentified.[5][6] It seems likely that one of them was I-182 and the other I-20.[6][5]
On 15 September 1943, the Japanese sent I-182 orders to return to Truk, but she did not acknowledge the signal.[5] On 22 October 1943, the Imperial Japanese Navy declared I-182 lost with her entire crew of 87 men off Espiritu Santo.[4][5] The Japanese struck her from the Navy list on 1 December 1943.[4]
Notes
edit- ^ a b Carpenter & Polmar, p. 105
- ^ Chesneau, p. 199
- ^ Bagnasco, pp. 183, 186
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j I-182 ijnsubsite.com 16 June 2018 Accessed 18 June 2022
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Hackett, Bob; Kingsepp, Sander (6 February 2004). "IJN Submarine I-182: Tabular Record of Movement". combinedfleet.com. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Hackett, Bob; Kingsepp, Sander (20 July 2017). "IJN Submarine I-20: Tabular Record of Movement". combinedfleet.com. Retrieved 19 August 2020.
References
edit- Bagnasco, Erminio (1977). Submarines of World War Two. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-962-6.
- Carpenter, Dorr B. & Polmar, Norman (1986). Submarines of the Imperial Japanese Navy 1904–1945. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-396-6.
- Chesneau, Roger, ed. (1980). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946. Greenwich, UK: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-146-7.
- Jentschura, Hansgeorg; Jung, Dieter & Mickel, Peter (1977). Warships of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1869–1945. Annapolis, Maryland: United States Naval Institute. ISBN 0-87021-893-X.