Tetrairidium dodecacarbonyl is the chemical compound with the formula Ir4(CO)12. This tetrahedral cluster is the most common and most stable "binary" carbonyl of iridium. This air-stable species is only poorly soluble in organic solvents.[1][2][3] It has been used to prepare bimetallic clusters and catalysts, e.g. for the water gas shift reaction, and reforming, but these studies are of purely academic interest.
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| Names | |
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| IUPAC names
dodecacarbonyl-1κ3C,2κ3C,3κ3C,4κ3C-[Td-(13)-Δ4-closo]-tetrairidium(6 Ir—Ir)
tetrahedro-tetrakis(tricarbonyliridium)(6 Ir—Ir) | |
| Other names
iridium(0) carbonyl; iridium carbonyl; iridium dodecacarbonyl
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.038.718 |
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PubChem CID
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| Ir4(CO)12 | |
| Molar mass | 1104.92 g/mol |
| Appearance | Canary-yellow crystals |
| Melting point | 195 °C (383 °F; 468 K) |
| Solubility | Chlorocarbons, toluene, tetrahydrofuran |
| Related compounds | |
Related compounds
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Tetrarhodium dodecacarbonyl |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Structure
editEach Ir center is octahedral, being bonded to 3 other iridium atoms and three terminal CO ligands. Ir4(CO)12 has Td symmetry with an average Ir-Ir distances of 2.693 Å.[4] The related clusters Rh4(CO)12 and Co4(CO)12 have C3v symmetry because of the presence of three bridging CO ligands in each.
Preparation
editIt is prepared in two steps by reductive carbonylation of hydrated iridium trichloride. The first step gives [Ir(CO)2Cl2]−.[5]
- IrCl3 3 CO H2O → [Ir(CO)2Cl2]− CO2 2 H Cl−
- 4 [Ir(CO)2Cl2]− 6 CO 2 H2O → Ir4(CO)12 2 CO2 4 H 8 Cl−
References
edit- ^ "Tetrairidium dodecacarbonyl". WebElements. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
- ^ Uzun, Alper; Dixon, David A.; Gates, Bruce C. (10 January 2011). "Prototype Supported Metal Cluster Catalysts: Ir4 and Ir6". ChemCatChem. 3 (1): 95–107. doi:10.1002/cctc.201000271. S2CID 96876029. Retrieved 16 July 2021.95-107&rft.date=2011-01-10&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002/cctc.201000271&rft_id=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:96876029#id-name=S2CID&rft.aulast=Uzun&rft.aufirst=Alper&rft.au=Dixon, David A.&rft.au=Gates, Bruce C.&rft_id=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/278129841&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Tetrairidium dodecacarbonyl" class="Z3988">
- ^ Muetterties, E L; Burch, R R; Stolzenberg, A M (October 1982). "Molecular Features of Metal Cluster Reactions". Annual Review of Physical Chemistry. 33 (1): 89–118. Bibcode:1982ARPC...33...89M. doi:10.1146/annurev.pc.33.100182.000513. Retrieved 16 July 2021.89-118&rft.date=1982-10&rft_id=info:doi/10.1146/annurev.pc.33.100182.000513&rft_id=info:bibcode/1982ARPC...33...89M&rft.aulast=Muetterties&rft.aufirst=E L&rft.au=Burch, R R&rft.au=Stolzenberg, A M&rft_id=https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.pc.33.100182.000513&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Tetrairidium dodecacarbonyl" class="Z3988">
- ^ Churchill, Melvyn Rowen; Hutchinson, John P. (1978). "Crystal Structure of tetrairidium dodecacarbonyl, Ir4(CO)12. An Unpleasant Case of Disorder". Inorganic Chemistry. 17 (12): 3528–35. doi:10.1021/ic50190a040.3528-35&rft.date=1978&rft_id=info:doi/10.1021/ic50190a040&rft.au=Churchill, Melvyn Rowen&rft.au=Hutchinson, John P.&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Tetrairidium dodecacarbonyl" class="Z3988">
- ^ Pergola, R. D.; Garlaschelli, L.; Matinengo, S. (1990). Dodecacarbonyltetrairidium: Ir4(CO)12. Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 28. pp. 245–247. doi:10.1002/9780470132593.ch63. ISBN 9780470132593.245-247&rft.date=1990&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002/9780470132593.ch63&rft.isbn=9780470132593&rft.au=Pergola, R. D.&rft.au=Garlaschelli, L.&rft.au=Matinengo, S.&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Tetrairidium dodecacarbonyl" class="Z3988">