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Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance

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"INDIA" redirects here. For the country, see India.

The Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance (INDIA) is a big tent multi-party political alliance of several political parties in India led by the country's largest opposition party, the Indian National Congress.[2] The alliance is in opposition to the ruling National Democratic Alliance (NDA) government led by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in the 2024 Indian general elections.[3] In the 2024 general election, the alliance won 234 seats,[b] gaining more than 100 seats from dissolution, and the majority of seats in states like Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, and West Bengal. The BJP lost its sole majority, with the alliance forcing Modi to govern with his coalition, the NDA.

Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance
AbbreviationINDIA
ChairmanMallikarjun Kharge[1]
Lok Sabha LeaderRahul Gandhi (LOP)
Rajya Sabha LeaderMallikarjun Kharge (LOP)
Founder
List
Founded17 July 2023; 17 months ago (2023-07-17)
Preceded byUPA
UO
Political positionBig tent[a]
Colours    (Official)
  (Alternative)
ECI StatusNot Required
Alliance37 Parties
Seats in Lok Sabha
238 / 543
Seats in Rajya Sabha
87 / 245
Seats in State Legislative Assemblies
1,658 / 4,036
Seats in State Legislative Councils
96 / 423
Number of states and union territories in government
10 / 31

Etymology

The Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance, commonly known by its backronym I.N.D.I.A.[7] is an opposition front announced by the leaders of 28 parties to contest the 2024 Lok Sabha elections. The name was proposed during a meeting in Bengaluru and was unanimously adopted by the 28 participating parties. While some sources attribute the suggestion of the name to Rahul Gandhi, the leader of the Indian National Congress (INC),[8] others mention that it was suggested by Mamata Banerjee, the Trinamool Congress (TMC) supremo and chief minister of West Bengal.[9]

History

On September 25, 2022, Indian National Lok Dal (INLD) supremo Om Prakash Chautala hosted a rally in Fatehabad on the occasion of Former Deputy Prime Minister Devi Lal's birth anniversary. During this rally, the ideas of a national alliance were first openly called on stage. Chief Minister of Bihar Nitish Kumar had said "I'll urge all parties, including Congress, to get together and then they (BJP) will lost badly".[10] JD(U) spokesperson K. C. Tyagi had also stated that the foundation of the alliance was during this same rally.[11]

The first major Opposition parties' meeting, held in Patna, Bihar, was chaired by Nitish Kumar on 23 June 2023, when the proposal for a new alliance was put on the table. The meeting was attended by 16 Opposition parties. INLD was not included in this meeting.[12]

The second meeting, was held in Bengaluru, Karnataka on 17–18 July. It was chaired by UPA Chairperson Sonia Gandhi when the proposal for an alliance was accepted and ten more parties were added to the list. The alliance's name was finalized and given the name Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance.[13]

The third meeting was held in Mumbai, Maharashtra from 31 August to 1 September. The meeting was hosted by Shiv Sena (UBT) President Uddhav Thackeray and saw Sonia Gandhi, Rahul Gandhi, and chief ministers of 5 states in attendance. Over the two-day deliberations, the alliance discussed major electoral issues for the upcoming general elections, carved out the coordination committee, and passed a three-point resolution to fight 2024 Indian general elections together 'as far as possible'.[14][15]

The fourth meeting was held in New Delhi on 19 December. The meeting was primarily held to discuss seat-sharing, joint rallies, and the prime ministerial face and/or convenor of the alliance. The alliance adopted a resolution to ensure maximum use of VVPATs in upcoming elections. "To enhance confidence in elections, VVPAT slips should be directly given to voters to self-verify and place in a separate box, instead of them falling into the main box. Eventually, all VVPAT slips must be 100% counted, ensuring truly free and fair elections," read the resolution passed by the alliance at the meeting. Seat sharing was also to be done by either 31 December 2023 or mid-January 2024. It was also decided that protests will be held across the country on 22 December 2023 against the suspensions of opposition MPs in the Indian Parliament. Some leaders said that the alliance would hold a grand joint rally at Patna on 30 January 2024, the death anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, although this was not officially announced.[16]

The alliance held its 5th meeting virtually with some leaders not attending.[17] Following the meeting, the Indian National Congress President Mallikarjun Kharge was declared the alliance chairperson.[1] Members also had discussions about seat sharing.[18] Nitish Kumar, the chief minister of Bihar, was offered the post of national convenor of the alliance which he declined.[19] Kumar went on to join the National Democratic Alliance in the 2024 Bihar political crisis two weeks later.[20]

Campaign

The bloc held its first event together on 22 December 2023, when nationwide protests were launched against the suspensions of opposition MPs in the Indian Parliament. Congress President Mallikarjun Kharge, party leader Rahul Gandhi, NCP President Sharad Pawar, CPI(M) leader Sitaram Yechury and other leaders held protests against the suspensions of MPs under the banner "Save Democracy" at Jantar Mantar, New Delhi.[21][22]

The bloc's first joint rally was held in Patna, Bihar on 3 March 2024. The rally saw, among others, Kharge, Rahul Gandhi, Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD) chief Lalu Prasad Yadav, former Bihar Deputy Chief Minister Tejashwi Yadav, Samajwadi Party supremo Akhilesh Yadav, and senior Left leaders Sitaram Yechury and D. Raja. Kharge attacked Kumar for frequently changing alliances and criticised the BJP for not fulfilling its promise of jobs and neglecting the country's poor and the majority.[23]

Member parties

Main article: List of Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance members

The Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance comprises a diverse range of political parties from across India. The 37 member parties of the alliance are:[24]

Party Logo/Flag Base Political Position Leader Ref.(s)
National Parties
1 INC Indian National Congress
 
 National Party Centre[28]   Mallikarjun Kharge [8][9]
2 CPI(M) Communist Party of India (Marxist)
 
 National Party Left-wing   Prakash Karat [21]
3 AAP Aam Aadmi Party
 
 National Party Centre-left   Arvind Kejriwal [29]
State Parties
4 SP Samajwadi Party
 
 Uttar Pradesh Left-wing   Akhilesh Yadav [30][31]
5 AITC All India Trinamool Congress
 
 West Bengal, Meghalaya Centre   Mamata Banerjee [32][33]
6 DMK Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
 
 Puducherry, Tamil Nadu Centre-left   M. K. Stalin [34][3]
7 SHS(UBT) Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray)
 
 Maharashtra Centre-right to right-wing   Uddhav Thackeray [14][13]
8 NCP(SP) Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar)   Maharashtra, Kerala Centre   Sharad Pawar [35]
9 RJD Rashtriya Janata Dal
 
 Bihar, Jharkhand Centre-left to left-wing   Lalu Prasad Yadav [24][14]
10 JMM Jharkhand Mukti Morcha   Jharkhand Regionalism   Hemant Soren [36]
11 JKNC Jammu and Kashmir National Conference
 
 Jammu and Kashmir Regionalism   Farooq Abdullah [37]
12 CPI Communist Party of India
 
 Kerala, Bihar, Telangana, Tamil Nadu Left-wing   Doraisamy Raja [33]
13 CPI(ML)L Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation
 
 Bihar Far-left   Dipankar Bhattacharya [20]
14 RSP Revolutionary Socialist Party
 
 Kerala Far-left   Manoj Bhattacharya [32]
15 VCK Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi
 
 Tamil Nadu Syncretic   Thol. Thirumavalavan [38]
16 IUML Indian Union Muslim League
 
 Kerala Centre-right   K. M. Kader Mohideen [39]
17 MDMK Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
 
 Tamil Nadu Centre-left   Vaiko [40]
18 RLP Rashtriya Loktantrik Party   Rajasthan Regionalism
 
 Hanuman Beniwal [41][42]
19 KMDK Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi
 
 Tamil Nadu Indigenism   E. R. Eswaran [43]
20 BAP Bharat Adivasi Party   Rajasthan Regionalism   Rajkumar Roat [44]
21 MMK Manithaneya Makkal Katchi   Tamil Nadu Regionalism   M. H. Jawahirullah [45]
22 KC(M) Kerala Congress (M)
 
 Kerala Centre-left to left-wing   Jose K. Mani [46]
23 KC Kerala Congress
 
 Kerala Centre   P. J. Joseph [47]
24 PDP Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party   Jammu and Kashmir Regionalism   Mehbooba Mufti [48]
25 AIFB All India Forward Bloc
 
 West Bengal Far-left   G. Devarajan [32]
26 PWPI Peasants and Workers Party of India   Maharashtra Left-wing   Jayant Prabhakar Patil [49]
27 RD Raijor Dal
 
 Assam Left-wing   Akhil Gogoi [50]
28 AJP Assam Jatiya Parishad
 
 Assam Regionalism   Lurinjyoti Gogoi [50]
29 AGM Anchalik Gana Morcha
 
 Assam Regionalism   Ajit Kumar Bhuyan [50]
30 APHLC All Party Hill Leaders Conference
 
 Assam Regionalism   Jonas Ingti Kathar (J. I. Kathar) [50]
31 MNM Makkal Needhi Maiam
 
 Tamil Nadu Centre   Kamal Haasan [51]
32 GFP Goa Forward Party
 
 Goa Regionalism   Vijai Sardesai [52]
33 VIP Vikassheel Insaan Party   Bihar Regionalism Mukesh Sahni [53]
34 HP Hamro Party
 
 West Bengal Regionalism   Ajoy Edwards [54]
35 PLP Purvanchal Lok Parishad
 
 Assam Regionalism   Charan Chandra Deka
36 JDA Jatiya Dal Assam
 
 Assam Regionalism   M.G. Hazarika [55]
37 SGP Samajwadi Ganarajya Party   Maharashtra Regionalism   Kapil Patil (Lok Bharati) [56]
IND Independent INDEPENDENTS

Organisational structure

Organisational structure of the Alliance
Party Coordination Committee and Election Strategy Committee Campaign Committee Working Group for Media Working Group for Social Media Working Group for Research
Aam Aadmi Party Raghav Chadha Sanjay Singh Raghav Chadha Raghav Chadha Jasmine Shah
All India Forward Bloc  – G. Devarajan Naren Chatterjee  –  –
All India Trinamool Congress Abhishek Banerjee TBD TBD TBD TBD
Communist Party of India D. Raja Binoy Viswam Bhalchandran Kango Bhalchandran Kango  –
Communist Party of India (Marxist) TBD Arun Kumar Pranjal Pranjal  –
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation  – Ravi Rai Sucheta Di V Arun Kumar  –
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam T R Baalu Tiruchi Siva Kanimozhi Karunanidhi Dayanidhi Maran A Raja
Indian National Congress K. C. Venugopal Gurdeep Singh Sappal Jairam Ramesh
Pawan Khera 		Supriya Srinate Amitabh Dubey
Indian Union Muslim League  – K. M. Kader Mohideen  –  –  –
Jammu & Kashmir National Conference Omar Abdullah Hasnain Masoodi Tanvir Sadiq Ifra Ja Imran Nabi Dar
Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party Mehbooba Mufti Dr Mehboob Beg Mohit Bhan Iltija Mehbooba Ad. Aditya
Jharkhand Mukti Morcha Hemant Soren Champai Soren Supriyo Bhattacharya
Alok Kumar 		Avindani Sudivya Kumar Sonu
Kerala Congress (M)  – Jose K. Mani  –  –  –
Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar) Sharad Pawar P C Chako Jitendra Ahwad  – Vandana Chavan
Rashtriya Janata Dal Tejashwi Yadav Sanjay Yadav Manoj Jha Sumit Sharma Prof. Subodh Mehta
Revolutionary Socialist Party  – N. K. Premachandran  –  –  –
Samajwadi Party Javed Ali Khan Kiranmoy Nanda Ashish Yadav
Rajeev Nigam 		Ashish Yadav Alok Ranjan
Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray) Sanjay Raut Anil Desai Arvind Sawant  – Priyanka Chaturvedi
Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi  – Thirumavalavan  –  –  –

List of current chief ministers

Main article: List of current Indian chief ministers

 

State Portrait Chief Minister Ministry Portrait Deputy Chief Minister Governing parties
Delhi   Atishi Marlena (AAP) Marlena I Vacant AAP
Himachal Pradesh   Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu (INC) Sukhu I   Mukesh Agnihotri (INC) INC
Jammu and Kashmir   Omar Abdullah (JKNC) Omar II   Surinder Kumar Choudhary (JKNC) JKNC
INC
Independents
AAP
CPI(M)
Jharkhand   Hemant Soren (JMM) Soren IV Vaccant JMM
INC
RJD
CPI(M-L)L
Karnataka   Siddaramaiah (INC) Siddaramaiah II   D. K. Shivakumar (INC) INC
IND
Kerala   Pinarayi Vijayan (CPI(M)) Vijayan II Vacant CPI(M)
CPI
KC(M)
JD(S)
NCP (SP)
RJD
KC(B)
C(S)
INL
NSC
JKC
IND
Punjab   Bhagwant Mann (AAP) Mann I Vacant AAP
Tamil Nadu   M. K. Stalin (DMK) Stalin I Udhayanidhi (DMK) DMK
INC
VCK
CPI
CPI(M)
Telangana   Revanth Reddy (INC) Revanth Reddy I   Mallu Bhatti Vikramarka (INC) INC
CPI
West Bengal   Mamata Banerjee (TMC) Banerjee III Vacant TMC

Strength in parliament

Party-wise strength

The following is the party-wise strength of INDIA parties in the Parliament of India:

Party Lok Sabha Rajya Sabha Presence
Indian National Congress (INC)[c]
101 / 543
27 / 245
 National Party
Samajwadi Party (SP)
37 / 543
4 / 245
 Uttar Pradesh
All India Trinamool Congress (AITC)
28 / 543
12 / 245
 West Bengal
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK)
22 / 543
10 / 245
 Tamil Nadu
Shiv Sena (UBT) (SHS-UBT)
9 / 543
2 / 245
 Maharashtra
Nationalist Congress Party (SCP) (NCP-SP)
8 / 543
2 / 245
 Maharashtra
Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD)
4 / 543
5 / 245
 Bihar
Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M))
4 / 543
4 / 245
 National Party
Aam Aadmi Party (AAP)
3 / 543
10 / 245
 National Party
Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (JMM)
3 / 543
3 / 245
 Jharkhand
Indian Union Muslim League (IUML)
3 / 543
2 / 245
 Kerala
Communist Party of India (CPI)
2 / 543
2 / 245
 Tamil Nadu
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation (CPI(ML)L)
2 / 543
  – Bihar
Jammu and Kashmir National Conference (JKNC)
2 / 543
  – Jammu and Kashmir
Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi (VCK)
2 / 543
  – Tamil Nadu
Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (MDMK)
1 / 543
1 / 245
 Tamil Nadu
Kerala Congress (KEC)
1 / 543
  – Kerala
Bharat Adivasi Party (BAP)
1 / 543
  – Rajasthan
Rashtriya Loktantrik Party (RLP)
1 / 543
  – Rajasthan
Revolutionary Socialist Party (India) (RSP)
1 / 543
  – Kerala
Azad Samaj Party (Kanshi Ram) (ASP (KR))
1 / 245
  – Uttar Pradesh
Voice of the People Party (VPP)
1 / 543
  – Meghalaya
Anchalik Gana Morcha (AGM)  –
1 / 245
 Assam
Kerala Congress (M) (KCM)  –
1 / 245
 Kerala
IND
1 / 543
1 / 245
  –
Total
238 / 543
87 / 245
 India

State-UT-wise Strength

State/UT Lok Sabha Rajya Sabha
Total Seats INDIA Overall Tally Total Seats INDIA Overall Tally
Andaman and Nicobar 1 None
Andhra Pradesh 25 None 11 None
Arunachal Pradesh 2 1
Assam 14 INC (3)
3 / 14
 7 AGM (1)
1 / 7
Bihar 40 RJD (4)
10 / 40
 16 RJD (6)
7 / 16
INC (4) INC (1)
CPI(ML)L (2)
Chandigarh 1 INC (1)
1 / 1
 None
Chhattisgarh 10 INC (1)
1 / 11
 5 INC (4)
4 / 5
Dadra and Nagar Haveli 2 None
Delhi 7 None 3 AAP (3)
3 / 3
Goa 2 INC (1)
1 / 2
 1 None
Gujarat 26 INC (1)
1 / 26
 11 INC (3)
3 / 11
Haryana 10 INC (5)
5 / 10
 5 INC (1)
1 / 5
Himachal Pradesh 4 None 3 None
Jammu and Kashmir 5 JKNC (2)
2 / 5
 4
Jharkhand 14 JMM (3)
5 / 14
 6 JMM (2)
3 / 6
INC (2) INC (1)
Karnataka 28 INC (9)
9 / 28
 12 INC (5)
5 / 12
Kerala 20 INC (14)
19 / 20
 9 CPI(M) (4)
9 / 9
IUML (2) IUML (2)
KEC (2) INC (1)
CPI(M) (1) CPI (2)
KEC (1)
Ladakh 1 IND (1)
1 / 1
 None
Lakshadweep 1 INC (1)
1 / 1
Madhya Pradesh 29 None 11 INC (3)
3 / 11
Maharashtra 48 INC (14)
31 / 48
 19 SS(UBT) (3)
9 / 19
SS(UBT) (9) INC (3)
NCP-SP (8) NCP-SP (3)
Manipur 2 INC (1)
2 / 2
 1 None
Meghalaya 2 INC (1)
1 / 2
 1
Mizoram 1 None 1
Nagaland 1 INC (1)
1 / 1
 1
Odisha 21 INC (1)
1 / 21
 10
Puducherry 1 INC (1)
1 / 1
 1
Punjab 13 INC (7)
10 / 13
 17 AAP (7)
7 / 7
AAP (3)
Rajasthan 25 INC (8)
11 / 25
 10 INC (6)
6 / 10
RLP (1)
BAP (1)
CPI(M) (1)
Sikkim 1 None 1 None
Tamil Nadu 39 DMK (22)
39 / 39
 18 DMK (10)
12 / 18
INC (9)
VCK (2) INC (1)
CPI (2)
CPI(M) (2) MDMK (1)
IUML (1)
MDMK (1)
Telangana 17 INC (8)
8 / 17
 7 INC (4)
4 / 7
Tripura 2 None 1 None
Uttar Pradesh 80 SP (37)
43 / 80
 31 SP (4)
5 / 31
INC (6) IND (1)
Uttarakhand 5 None 3 None
West Bengal 42 AITC (29)
30 / 42
 16 AITC (13)
14 / 16
INC (1) CPI(M) (1)


Strength in legislative assemblies

State Wise strength in legislative assemblies
State/UT Total Seats Last Election INDIA Overall Tally CM from
Andhra Pradesh 175 2024 None TDP
Arunachal Pradesh 60 2024 INC (1)
1 / 60
 BJP
Assam 126 2021 INC (23)
25 / 126
 BJP
CPI(M) (1)
RD (1)
Bihar 243 2020 RJD (77)
109 / 243
 JD(U)
INC (17)
CPI(ML)L (11)
CPI (2)
CPI(M) (2)
Chhattisgarh 90 2023 INC (35)
35 / 90
 BJP
Delhi 70 2020 AAP (62)
62 / 70
 AAP
Goa 40 2022 INC (3)
6 / 40
 BJP
AAP (2)
GFP
Gujarat 182 2022 INC (12)
17 / 182
 BJP
AAP (4)
SP (1)
Haryana 90 2024 INC (37)
37 / 90
 BJP
Himachal Pradesh 68 2022 INC (40)
40 / 68
 INC
Jammu and Kashmir 90 2024 JKNC (42)
59 / 90
 JKNC
INC (6)
JKPDP (3)
CPI(M) (1)
AAP (1)
Independent (5)
Jharkhand 81 2024 JMM (34)
56 / 81
 JMM
INC (16)
RJD (4)
CPI(ML)L (2)
Karnataka 224 2023 INC (138)
140 / 224
 INC
Independent (2)
Kerala 140 2021 CPI(M) (61)
138 / 140
 CPI(M)
INC (21)
CPI (17)
IUML (15)
KC(M) (5)
KEC (2)
NCP-SP (2)
Madhya Pradesh 230 2023 INC (65)
66 / 230
 BJP
BAP (1)
Maharashtra 288 2024 SS(UBT) (20)
49 / 288
 SHS
INC (15)
NCP-SP (10)
SP (2)
PWPI (1)
CPI(M) (1)
Manipur 60 2022 INC (5)
5 / 60
 BJP
Meghalaya 60 2023 AITC (5)
6 / 60
 NPP
INC (1)
Mizoram 40 2023 INC (1)
1 / 40
 ZPM
Nagaland 60 2023 None NDPP
Odisha 147 2024 INC (14)
15 / 147
 BJP
CPI(M) (1)
Puducherry 33 2021 DMK (6)
8 / 33
 AINRC
INC (2)
Punjab 117 2022 AAP (94)
110 / 117
 AAP
INC (16)
Rajasthan 200 2023 INC (66)
70 / 200
 BJP
BAP (4)
Sikkim 32 2024 None SKM
Tamil Nadu 234 2021 DMK (133)
159 / 234
 DMK
INC (18)
VCK (4)
CPI (2)
CPI(M) (2)
Telangana 119 2023 INC (75)
76 / 119
 INC
CPI (1)
Tripura 60 2023 CPI(M) (10)
13 / 60
 BJP
INC (3)
Uttar Pradesh 403 2022 SP (108)
110 / 403
 BJP
INC (2)
Uttarakhand 70 2022 INC (20)
20 / 70
 BJP
West Bengal 294 2021 AITC (226)
226 / 294
 AITC
Total 4036 INDIA
1,658 / 4,036

Strength in legislative councils

State/UT Total Seats INDIA Overall Tally Party with a plurality/majority
Andhra Pradesh 58 None TDP
Bihar 75 RJD (15)
20 / 75
 JD(U)
INC (2)
CPI(ML)L (1)
CPI (1)
Karnataka 75 INC (35)
35 / 75
 INC
Maharashtra 78

(27-vaccant)

INC (7)
17 / 51
 SHS
SS(UBT) (7)
NCP-SP (3)
Telangana 40 INC (14)
14 / 40
 INC
Uttar Pradesh 100 SP (10)
10 / 100
 BJP

Electoral Performances

Lok Sabha

Election Seats won Change Total votes Share of votes Swing Status INDIA Chairman
2024 Lok Sabha Elections
234 / 543
 New TBD 40.6% New Opposition Mallikarjun Kharge

Legislative Assembly

2024 Legislative Assembly elections
Election Seats won Change Total votes Share of votes Swing Status Leadership
2024 Haryana Assembly election
37 / 90
 New 5,464,975 39.34% New Opposition Bhupinder Singh Hooda
2024 Jammu and Kashmir Assembly election
49 / 90
 New 20,52,447 35.99% New Government Farooq Abdullah
Tariq Hameed Karra
2024 Maharashtra Assembly election
49 / 288
   107 22,710,220 35.16%   Opposition Sharad Pawar
Udhav Thackeray
Nana Patole
2024 Jharkhand Assembly election
56 / 81
   9 7,911,028 44.33   8.98 Government Hemant Soren
Rameshwar Oraon
Tejaswi Yadav

Candidates in election

2024 general elections

2024 general election
Seat sharing summary
INDIA parties seat sharing
Seat sharing under INDIA bloc[57][58][59][60]
Party States/UTs Seats contested Seats Won
Indian National Congress Karnataka 28 326 9 99
Madhya Pradesh 27 0
Andhra Pradesh 23 0
Gujarat 23 1
Rajasthan 22 8
Odisha 20 1
Maharashtra 17 13
Telangana 17 8
Uttar Pradesh 17 6
Kerala 16 14
Assam 13 3
Punjab 13 7
West Bengal 12 1
Chhattisgarh 11 1
Bihar 9 3
Haryana 9 5
Tamil Nadu 9 9
Jharkhand 7 2
Uttarakhand 5 0
Himachal Pradesh 4 0
Delhi 3 0
Arunachal Pradesh 2 0
Dadra Nagar Haveli and Daman Diu 2 0
Goa 2 1
Jammu and Kashmir 2 0
Manipur 2 2
Meghalaya 2 1
Andaman and Nicobar Islands 1 0
Chandigarh 1 1
Ladakh 1 0
Lakshadweep 1 1
Mizoram 1 0
Nagaland 1 1
Puducherry 1 1
Sikkim 1 0
Tripura 1 0
Samajwadi Party Uttar Pradesh 62 37
Communist Party of India (Marxist) West Bengal 23 29 0 3
Tamil Nadu 2 2
Andhra Pradesh 1 0
Bihar 1 0
Rajasthan 1 1
Tripura 1 0
Rashtriya Janata Dal Bihar 23 24 4 4
Jharkhand 1 0
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam Tamil Nadu 21 22 21 22
Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi 1 1
Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray) Maharashtra 21 9
Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar) Maharashtra 10 8
Aam Aadmi Party Delhi 4 7 0
Gujarat 2
Haryana 1
Communist Party of India Tamil Nadu 2 6 2 2
West Bengal 2 0
Andhra Pradesh 1 0
Bihar 1 0
Jharkhand Mukti Morcha Jharkhand 5 6 3 3
Odisha 1 0
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation Bihar 3 4 2 2
Jharkhand 1 0
Revolutionary Socialist Party West Bengal 3 4 0 1
Kerala 1 1
All India Forward Bloc West Bengal 2 3 0
Madhya Pradesh 1
Indian Union Muslim League Kerala 2 3 2 3
Tamil Nadu 1 1
Jammu & Kashmir National Conference Jammu and Kashmir 3 2
Vikassheel Insaan Party Bihar 3 0
Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi Tamil Nadu 2 2
All India Trinamool Congress Uttar Pradesh 1 0
Assam Jatiya Parishad Assam 1 0
Bharat Adivasi Party Rajasthan 1 1
Kerala Congress Kerala 1 1
Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam Tamil Nadu 1 1
Rashtriya Loktantrik Party Rajasthan 1 1
Total 541 201
INDIA parties under regional coalition/outside the alliance
Seats contested by INDIA parties outside the alliance
Parties States/UTs Seats contested Seats Won
All India Trinamool Congress West Bengal 42 47 29 29
Assam 4 0
Meghalaya 1 0
All India Forward Bloc Maharashtra 8 29 0
Andhra Pradesh 5
Uttar Pradesh 5
Telangana 3
Bihar 2
Delhi 2
Jammu and Kashmir 2
Odisha 1
West Bengal 1
Communist Party of India Uttar Pradesh 6 24 0
Jharkhand 4
Kerala 4
Madhya Pradesh 3
Punjab 3
Assam 1
Chhattisgarh 1
Maharashtra 1
Odisha 1
Communist Party of India (Marxist) Kerala 15 23 1 1
Andaman and Nicobar Islands 1 0
Assam 1
Jharkhand 1
Karnataka 1
Maharashtra 1
Odisha 1
Punjab 1
Telangana 1
Bharat Adivasi Party Madhya Pradesh 5 21 0
Rajasthan 5
Maharashtra 4
Gujarat 2
Jharkhand 2
Andhra Pradesh 1
Chhattisgarh 1
Dadra Nagar Haveli and Daman Diu 1
Aam Aadmi Party Punjab 13 15 3 3
Assam 2 0
Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi Telangana 7 11 0
Karnataka 2
Andhra Pradesh 1
Kerala 1
Samajwadi Party Andhra Pradesh 7 9 0
Gujarat 1
Odisha 1
Revolutionary Socialist Party Andhra Pradesh 3 6 0
Punjab 2
Telangana 1
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation Andhra Pradesh 1 3 0
Odisha 1
West Bengal 1
Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party Jammu and Kashmir 3 0
Indian National Congress West Bengal 1 2 0
Rajasthan 1
Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar) Haryana 1 2 0
Lakshadweep 1
Kerala Congress (M) Kerala 1 0
Total 196 33

Results

2024 general election
 
Party or allianceVotes%Seats /–
Indian
National
Developmental
Inclusive
Alliance		Indian National Congress136,759,06499 47
Samajwadi Party29,549,38137 32
All India Trinamool Congress28,213,39329 7
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam11,754,71022– 2
Communist Party of India (Marxist)11,342,5534 1
Rashtriya Janata Dal10,107,4024 4
Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray)9,567,7799 9
Aam Aadmi Party3 2
Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar)5,921,1628 8
Communist Party of India3,157,18420
Jharkhand Mukti Morcha2,652,9553 2
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation1,736,7712 2
Indian Union Muslim League1,716,18630
Jammu and Kashmir National Conference1,147,0412– 1
Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi2 1
Bharat Adivasi Party1 1
Kerala Congress10
Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam1 1
Rashtriya Loktantrik Party596,95510
Revolutionary Socialist Party10
All India Forward Bloc289,94100
Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party435,98000
Vikassheel Insaan Party00
Assam Jatiya Parishad00
Kerala Congress (Mani)277,36500
Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi00
Independents2-
Total236—
Total2360
Registered voters/turnout968,821,926–
Source: ECI

Ideology and objectives

According to the Congress president Mallikarjun Kharge, the alliance's ideology revolves around the principles of developmentalism, inclusivity, and social justice. By combining their efforts, the member parties aim to protect democratic values, promote welfare and progress, and counter what they perceive as an ideology that threatens the idea of India.[61] It was formed with the objective of defeating the incumbent BJP led NDA in the 2024 Indian general election.

Resolution

The alliance passed a three-point resolution in its Mumbai meeting on 1 September 2023 to collectively contest 2024 Indian General elections.[62]

  • We, the INDIA parties, hereby resolve to contest the forthcoming Lok Sabha elections together as far as possible. Seat-sharing arrangements in different states will be initiated immediately and concluded at the earliest in a collaborative spirit of give-and-take.
  • We, the INDIA parties, hereby resolve to organize public rallies at the earliest in different parts of the country on issues of public concern and importance.
  • We, the INDIA parties, hereby resolve to coordinate our respective communications and media strategies and campaigns with the theme Judega BHARAT, Jeetega INDIA in different languages.

Timeline

2024

Seat sharing

Assam

AAP declared candidates for three Lok Sabha seats in Assam after claiming they were tired of negotiations with Congress for seat sharing.[29]

Delhi

The AAP is likely to fight on 4 seats whereas the Congress may get 3 seats in Delhi.[63][64]

Punjab

The Congress and AAP declared that they will contest separately in Punjab, in what AAP supremo Arvind Kejriwal described as a "mutual agreement" with "no bad blood" between the parties.[65]

Uttar Pradesh

On 21 February 2024, in a joint press conference, the Congress and the Samajwadi Party announced that the Congress will fight in 17 of the 80 seats in Uttar Pradesh, leaving the rest for other alliance members.[30] There were also reported to be talks between the Congress and the SP for seat-sharing in Madhya Pradesh, in which the SP may be offered to contest the Khajuraho seat.[31]

West Bengal

West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee announced on 24 January 2024 that the Trinamool Congress (TMC) party would run alone in the state's forthcoming general elections.[32][66] Other members of the alliance will contest as part of there Secular Democratic Alliance.

Past members

Party Base State Leader Year of withdrawal Notes Reference(s)
Janata Dal (United) Bihar Nitish Kumar 2024 Joined NDA. [67][68]
Rashtriya Lok Dal Uttar Pradesh Jayant Singh 2024 [69]
Apna Dal (Kamerawadi) Uttar Pradesh Pallavi Patel 2024 Allied with All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen in PDM. [70]
Janvadi Party (Socialist) Uttar Pradesh Sanjay Chauhan 2024 [71]

Exits

On 28 January 2024, Nitish Kumar resigned as the Chief Minister of Bihar and decided to leave the Mahagathbandhan alliance, a part of the INDIA bloc in Bihar, by expressing dissatisfaction with the functioning of the government. He rejoined the National Democratic Alliance (NDA).[72]

The Rashtriya Lok Dal left the bloc to join the BJP-led NDA on 14 January 2024.[73]

See also

Note

  1. ^ Members consists of right-wing to far-left parties.
  2. ^ Two more Congress members also fought as independent outside the alliance and supported after elected as MP, taking the tally to 236. Later, one independent MP supported Congress, taking the tally to 237. Later lone MP from each ASP (KR) and VPP extended their suppport in issue based matters, making tally 238.
  3. ^ Including two more Congress members also fought as independent outside the alliance.

References

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