Abū Muḥammad al-Hasan ibn al-Hasan ibn ʿAlī al-Hāshimī (Arabic: أَبُو مُحَمَّد الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِي ٱلْهَاشِمِي, romanized: Abū Muḥammad al-Ḥasan ibn al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī al-Hāshimī, alias Hasan al-Mu'thannā; c. 661–715) was an Islamic scholar and theologian. He was a son of Hasan ibn Ali and Khawla bint Manzur. He was a grandson of the fourth caliph Ali (r. 656–661) and a great-grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
Al-Hasan ibn al-Hasan 5th Imam of the Zaydi Shi'ism | |
|---|---|
الْحَسَنِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ | |
 | |
| 5th Zaydi Imam | |
| In office 712–715 | |
| Preceded by | Ali Zayn al-Abidin |
| Succeeded by | Zayd ibn Ali |
| Personal life | |
| Born | Hasan al-Mu'thannā c. 661 |
| Died | c. 715 |
| Resting place | Al-Baqi Cemetery, Medina |
| Nationality | Rashidun Caliphate |
| Spouse |
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| Children |
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| Parents |
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| Relatives | Zayd ibn Hasan ibn Ali (brother) Hasan ibn Zayd ibn Hasan (nephew) Qasim ibn Hasan (brother) Abdullah ibn Hasan (brother) Bishr ibn Hasan (brother) Abu Bakr ibn Hasan (brother) Talha ibn Hasan (brother) Fatimah bint Hasan (sister) Husayn ibn Ali (uncle) Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya (half uncle) |
| Religious life | |
| Religion | Islam |
Al-Hasan ibn al-Hasan was a contemporary of Umayyad caliph al-Walid I.
Life
editHasan was born in Medina in c. 661. His father Hasan ibn Ali ruled briefly as caliph in 661 and was a grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.[1][2] Hasan's mother Khawla bint Manzur was a daughter of Manzur ibn Zaban, the chieftain of the Banu Fazara.[3]
His mother was Khawla bint Manzur ibn Zaban ibn Sayyar Fazari.[4] Hasan al-Muthanna was present in the Battle of Karbala. Ahmad ibn Ibrahim Hasani, in a tradition quoted from Abu Mikhnaf, he said that his age at that time was nineteen or twenty.[5]
On the day of Ashura,[6][7] he fought beside Imam Husayn and was injured and was kept as captive. His maternal uncle, Asma' ibn Kharijah Fazari, saved him. He was cured in Kufa; and after recovering, he returned to Medina.[8]
Hasan ibn Hasan's uncle Husayn ibn Ali reportedly offered him to choose either of Husayn's two daughters Sukayna and Fatima, to be his wife. Hasan, who was too shy to accept, consequently chose Fatima, as she resembled his grandmother Fatima al-Zahra.[9]
The caliph Al-Walid I had some correspondence with Al-Hassan Ibn Hassan through letters.[10]
Children
editSayyed Ibn Tawus writes about the merit and nobility of Hasan ibn Hasan and some other children of Imam Hasan: "These are people whose lofty position and merit all Muslims acknowledged".
According to a part of a narration reported from Imam Reza about the continuation of the offspring of Imam Hasan and Imam Husayn, it is inferred that Hasan al-Muthanna had many children and Imam Hasan's offspring continued through him and another brother of his named Zayd. It has been reported in this tradition: "Hasan ibn Ali's offspring continued through two of his sons named Zayd and Hasan. Zayd had a son whose name was Hasan. Also, Hasan al-Muthanna had sons named Abd Allah al-Mahd, Ibrahim al-Ghamr and Hasan al-Muthallath from Fatima bint Husayn; Ja'far and Da'wud from Umm al-Walad; Muhammad from Ramla bint Sa'id ibn Zayd; who continued a third generation of Imam Hasan."[11]
Although genealogically senior, Hasan's descendants never managed to establish serious claims to the imamate (other than Zaydism and Imams of Yemen). Moreover, many later shifted to Sunnism. The Banu Qatadah and the Hashemite dynasty claim descent from him.
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ Hasan Muthana Archived 2022-01-11 at the Wayback Machine ghadeer.org Retrieved 11 Oct 2018
- ^ The daughter of Imam Hussain islamicblessings.com Retrieved 11 Oct 2018
- ^ Madelung 1997, p. 380–384.
- ^ The marriage of Hasan al-Muthanna mehrnews.com Retrieved 11 Oct 2018
- ^ Ṭabarī, Tārīkh al-umam, vol. 5, p. 469.
- ^ Hasan Muthana Archived 2022-01-11 at the Wayback Machine ghadeer.org
- ^ The daughter of Imam Hussain islamicblessings.com
- ^ Ḥasanī, al-Maṣābih, p. 379; Mufīd, al-Irshād, vol. 2, p. 25.
- ^ The issue of Hasan al-Muthanna's marriage to Imam Hussain's daughter mehrnews.com Retrieved 11 Oct 2018
- ^ Marsham 2022, p. 38.
- ^ "Ibn Bābawayh(I)". Encyclopaedia of Islam (Second ed.). doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_com_0318.
Bibliography
edit- Marsham, Andrew (2022). "Kinship, Dynasty, and the Umayyads". In Osti, Letizia; van Berkel, Maaike (eds.). The Historian of Islam at Work: Essays in Honor of Hugh N. Kennedy. Leiden: Brill. pp. 12–45. ISBN 978-90-04-52523-8.
- Madelung, Wilferd (1997). The Succession to Muhammad: A Study of the Early Caliphate. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-52-164696-3.
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