The Hundred of Hartcliffe is one of the 40 historical hundreds in the ceremonial county of Somerset, England, dating from before the Norman conquest during the Anglo-Saxon era although exact dates are unknown. Each hundred had a 'fyrd', which acted as the local defence force and a court which was responsible for the maintenance of the frankpledge system.[1] They also formed a unit for the collection of taxes.[2] The role of the hundred court was described in the Dooms (laws) of King Edgar. The name of the hundred was normally that of its meeting-place.[3]
| Hartcliffe Hundred | |
|---|---|
 1815 Ordnance Survey map of the area | |
| Area | |
| 19,440 acres (7,870 ha) | |
| History | |
| • Created | unknown |
| Status | Hundred |
| Subdivisions | |
| • Type | Parishes |
| • Units | Long Ashton, Backwell, Barrow Gurney, Bedminster, Butcombe, Chelvey, and Winford |
At one time it was called Hartcliffe With Bedminster Hundred.[4] Bedminster was previously a separate hundred after 1086 having been called Betmenistra and Bedmynstra before changing to its current name.[5] The Hartcliffe Hundred also included Knowle West.[6] It consisted of the ancient parishes of: Long Ashton, Backwell, Barrow Gurney, Bedminster, Butcombe, Chelvey, and Winford. It covered an area of 19,440 acres (7,870 ha).[7]
The importance of the hundred courts declined from the seventeenth century. By the 19th century several different single-purpose subdivisions of counties, such as poor law unions, sanitary districts, and highway districts sprang up, filling the administrative role previously played by parishes and hundreds. Although the hundreds have never been formally abolished, their functions ended with the establishment of county courts in 1867[8] and the introduction of districts by the Local Government Act 1894.[9]
References
edit- ^ "Administrative Units Typology | Status definition: Hundred". Vision of Britain. Retrieved 31 January 2010.
- ^ "The Shire and the Hundred". Somerset County Council. Archived from the original on 14 August 2011. Retrieved 13 October 2011.
- ^ "Summary". Institute of Archaeology. Archived from the original on 25 May 2010. Retrieved 15 October 2011.
- ^ "Hartcliffe With Bedminster Hundred". A vision of Britain through time. University of Portsmouth. Retrieved 9 October 2011.
- ^ "Somerset Introduction". University of Hull. Retrieved 11 April 2017.
- ^ Palmer, John. "Ednoth the Constable". Domesday Map. University of Hull. Archived from the original on 6 January 2012. Retrieved 15 July 2011.
- ^ "Somerset Hundreds". GENUKI. Retrieved 6 October 2011.
- ^ County Courts Act 1867 (30 & 31 Vict. c. 142) s.28
- ^ "Mapping the Hundreds of England and Wales in GIS". University of Cambridge Department of Geography. 6 June 2008. Retrieved 15 October 2011.