Wikipedia

HDR10

HDR10 [1] is a high dynamic range (HDR) video technology that adds dynamic metadata[2] to HDR10 source files. The dynamic metadata are used to adjust and optimize each frame of the HDR video to the consumer display's capabilities in a way based on the content creator's intentions.

Logo

HDR10 is an alternative to Dolby Vision, which also uses dynamic metadata.[3] HDR10 is the default variant of dynamic metadata as part of the HDMI 2.1 standard.[4]

HDR10 Adaptive is an update designed to optimize HDR10 content according to the ambient light.[5]

Description

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HDR10 , also known as HDR10 Plus, was announced on 20 April 2017, by Samsung and Amazon Video. HDR10 updates HDR10 by adding dynamic metadata that can be used to more accurately adjust brightness levels up to the full range of PQ code values (10,000 nits maximum brightness) on a scene-by-scene or frame-by-frame basis.[6][7][8][9] The technology is standardized and defined in SMPTE ST 2094-40.[10][11][12][7][8][9] HDR10 is an open standard [disputed (for: "open" describing something not publicly available)  – discuss] and is royalty-free; it is supported by a growing list of post-production software and tools.[7][8][9] HDR10 specifications are not publicly available. A certification and logo program for HDR10 device manufacturers is available with an annual administration fee for certain adopter categories and no per-unit royalty.[13] Authorized test centers conduct certification testing for HDR10 devices.[13]

On 28 August 2017, Samsung, Panasonic, and 20th Century Fox created the HDR10 Technologies LLC[14] to promote the HDR10 standard.[15] HDR10 video started being offered by Amazon Video on 13 December 2017.[16] On 5 January 2018, Warner Bros. announced their support for the HDR10 standard.[17] On 6 January 2018, Panasonic announced Ultra HD Blu-ray players with support for HDR10 .[18] On 4 April 2019, Universal Pictures Home Entertainment announced a technology collaboration with Samsung Electronics to release new titles mastered with HDR10 .[19] It is considered[by whom?] to have most of the advantages of Dolby Vision over HDR10, as well as being royalty free.[citation needed]

HDR10 signals the dynamic range and scene characteristics on a scene-by-scene or even frame-by-frame basis. The display device then uses the dynamic metadata to apply an appropriate tone map through the process of dynamic tone mapping.[20] Dynamic tone mapping differs from static tone mapping by applying a different tone curve from scene-to-scene rather than use a single tone curve for an entire video.[21]

HDR10 and Dolby Vision do not use the same dynamic metadata.

Technical details

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HDR10 content profile

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  • EOTF: SMPTE ST 2084 (PQ)
  • Chroma subsampling: 4:2:0 (for compressed video sources), 4:2:2 and 4:4:4
  • Resolution: Agnostic (2K/4K/8K,[22] etc.)
  • Bit depth: 10-bit or more (up to 16-bit) per color channel
  • Color primaries: ITU-R BT.2020
  • Maximum linearized pixel value: 10,000 cd/m2 for each color R/G/B (content)
  • Metadata (required): Mastering Display Color Volume Metadata[23]
  • Metadata (optional): MaxCLL, MaxFALL[24]

HDR10 supports the full range PQ up to 10,000 cd/m2. Being resolution agnostic, metadata needs to be created only once and can be applied to any target resolution.

HDR10 content can be encoded using video encoding technologies including HEVC (implemented with VSEI) and AV1, VP9 compatibility is achieved via the WebM container.[25]

Workflow and ecosystem

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HDR10 distribution ecosystem

HDR10 utilizes an HDR10 master file within existing HDR post-production and distribution workflows.

The HDR10 ecosystem is used within current systems by,

  • storing HDR10 metadata in JSON files
  • embedding HDR10 metadata into HDR10 encoded content
  • distribution through digital stream (e.g. streaming with HDR10 SEI[26])
  • displaying HDR10 content on a capable display (e.g. HDMI interfaces with HDR10 VSIF) and mobile devices [27]

Metadata generation

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HDR10 metadata workflow

For offline and video-on-demand (VOD) (e.g. ultra-high-definition Blu-ray, over-the-top (OTT), multi-channel video programming distributor (MVPD)), HDR10 metadata may be created during the post-production mastering process or during transcoding/encoding for distribution back-ends by HDR10 content generation tools in two steps:

  1. Identifying scene cuts, and
  2. Performing an image analysis on each scene or frame to derive statistics

HDR10 metadata is interchanged through a low complexity JSON-structured text file,[28] which is then parsed and injected into video files.

Live encoding

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HDR10 live encoder workflow

Live use cases are possible by delivering HDR10 metadata in every frame. HEVC encoders generate and inject metadata on live content and mobile phones record video and create HDR10 [29] metadata in real-time during recording. Live encoding is detailed in the Live Encoder Workflow diagram and real time broadcast operations are supported at the point of transmission enabling a metadata-less broadcast operation.

Compatibility

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HDR10 backward compatibility

HDR10 metadata can co-exist with HDR10 static metadata that makes HDR10 content backward compatible[30] with non-HDR10 TVs. HDR10 metadata is ignored by devices that do not support the format and video is played back in HDR10.

Administration

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HDR10 Technologies, LLC[31] administers the license and certification program for products that want to adopt HDR10 . HDR10 Technologies, LLC provides the technical specifications, test specifications, and certified logo.

Founders

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Source:[32]

Authorized test centers

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Certification of products is done through authorized test centers. The following are a list of HDR10 authorized test centers:

Adoption

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Adopters

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Source:[33]

HDR10 certified products

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Certified product[34] categories include:

  • Ultra-High Definition displays
  • Ultra-High Definition Blu-ray disc players
  • Systems-on-chip (SoC)
  • Set-top boxes
  • A/V Receivers
  • Streaming applications
  • Mobile devices
  • Inflight Entertainment Systems

References

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  1. ^ "What is HDR10 ? What you need to know". Trusted Reviews. 2019-05-21. Archived from the original on 2019-06-09. Retrieved 2019-09-16.
  2. ^ "Understanding Dynamic Metadata". Creative Planet Network. 2016-11-30. Archived from the original on 2020-08-08. Retrieved 2019-09-16.
  3. ^ "HDR terminology demystified". FlatpanelsHD. 2019-08-23. Retrieved 2021-10-09.
  4. ^ Denison, Caleb. "HDMI 2.1: What it is, and why your next TV should have it". DigitalTrends. Digital Trends Media Group. Retrieved 29 October 2021.
  5. ^ "Samsung's HDR10 Adaptive goes head-to-head with Dolby Vision IQ". Trusted Reviews. 2021-01-06. Retrieved 2021-10-09.
  6. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 September 2019. Retrieved 3 January 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  7. ^ a b c "Samsung and Amazon Video Deliver Next Generation HDR Video Experience with Updated Open Standard HDR10 ". Samsung. 20 April 2017. Archived from the original on 13 June 2017. Retrieved 20 April 2017.
  8. ^ a b c Cho Mu-Hyun (20 April 2017). "Samsung, Amazon partner for HDR10 Plus". ZDNet. Archived from the original on 20 April 2017. Retrieved 20 April 2017.
  9. ^ a b c John Archer (20 April 2017). "Samsung And Amazon Just Made The TV World Even More Confusing". Forbes. Archived from the original on 20 April 2017. Retrieved 20 April 2017.
  10. ^ Dynamic Metadata for Color Volume Transform — Application #4. September 2016. pp. 1–26. doi:10.5863/SMPTE.ST2094-40.2016. ISBN 978-1-68303-048-5.
  11. ^ "SMPTE ST 2094 and Dynamic Metadata" (PDF). Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 25 January 2017.
  12. ^ John Laposky (20 April 2017). "Samsung, Amazon Video Team To Deliver Updated Open Standard HDR10 ". Twice. Archived from the original on 23 April 2017. Retrieved 29 April 2017.
  13. ^ a b "20th Century Fox, Panasonic and Samsung Gain Momentum for Best Possible TV-Viewing Experience with HDR10 Technology". hdr10plus.org. 4 January 2018. Archived from the original on 8 January 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2018.
  14. ^ "HDR10 LLC". hdr10 llc. 24 May 2019. Archived from the original on 18 May 2019. Retrieved 24 May 2019.
  15. ^ Ramus Larsen (28 August 2017). "Samsung, Panasonic & 20th Century Fox form HDR10 alliance". flatpanelshd. Archived from the original on 8 January 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2018.
  16. ^ John Archer (13 December 2017). "Amazon Video Has Made All Of Its HDR Shows Available In HDR10 ". Forbes. Archived from the original on 7 January 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2018.
  17. ^ John Archer (5 January 2018). "Warner Bros Boards The HDR10 Bandwagon". Forbes. Archived from the original on 5 January 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2018.
  18. ^ John Archer (6 January 2018). "Panasonic Unveils New 4K Blu-ray Players - Including World First Dolby Vision And HDR10 Support". Forbes. Archived from the original on 9 January 2018. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
  19. ^ Samsung Electronics (24 May 2019). "Samsung Electronics and Universal Pictures Home Entertainment Announce HDR10 Content Collaboration". Samsung Newsroom. Archived from the original on 4 April 2019. Retrieved 24 May 2019.
  20. ^ Werner, Ken (2017-02-16). "Two Keys to Optimal HDR TVs: Dynamic HDR Metadata and Tone Mapping". DisplayDaily. Archived from the original on 2021-01-25. Retrieved 2019-09-16.
  21. ^ "What is 4K HDR Dynamic Metadata?". AVForums. 2 January 2018. Retrieved 2019-11-19.
  22. ^ "Samsung brings its HDR10 tech to 8K TVs". Engadget. 4 September 2019. Archived from the original on 2019-09-15. Retrieved 2019-09-16.
  23. ^ Mastering Display Color Volume Metadata Supporting High Luminance and Wide Color Gamut Images. doi:10.5863/SMPTE.ST2086.2018. ISBN 978-1-68303-139-0.
  24. ^ Turner, Paul (30 May 2018). "HDR: Standards, Standards, Everywhere". TvTechnology. Archived from the original on 2020-09-27. Retrieved 2019-11-19.
  25. ^ "The WebM Project | VP9 Video Codec Summary". www.webmproject.org. Archived from the original on 2019-10-18. Retrieved 2019-09-05.
  26. ^ "SEI messages | MPEG". mpeg.chiariglione.org. Archived from the original on 2019-09-05. Retrieved 2019-09-05.
  27. ^ Katzmaier, David. "Galaxy S10 screen deep dive: Dynamic AMOLED, HDR10 , explained". CNET. Archived from the original on 2019-02-26. Retrieved 2019-09-16.
  28. ^ "Transkoder 2018: User Guide". www.colorfront.com. Archived from the original on 2021-02-28. Retrieved 2019-11-19.
  29. ^ HDR10 Video Recording on Your Galaxy S10, archived from the original on 2020-09-01, retrieved 2019-09-16
  30. ^ "Are You Ready for Your HDR Delivery?". Studio Daily. 2018-12-19. Archived from the original on 2019-10-29. Retrieved 2019-11-19.
  31. ^ "HDR10 ". Archived from the original on 2019-08-27. Retrieved 2019-08-27.
  32. ^ "HDR10 Technologies, LLC, Founded by 20th Century Fox, Panasonic and Samsung, Welcomes First Adopters of HDR10 Technology". www.businesswire.com. 2018-08-28. Archived from the original on 2019-09-05. Retrieved 2019-09-05.
  33. ^ "Adopters - HDR10 ". hdr10plus.org. Archived from the original on 2019-09-05. Retrieved 2019-09-05.
  34. ^ "HDR10 Certification Begins This Month, Brings the Tech to More TVS". www.digitaltrends.com. 2018-06-21. Archived from the original on 2019-10-19. Retrieved 2019-09-16.
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