The GPCR superfamily is the largest gene family in the human genome containing approximately 800 genes.[1] As the vertebrate superfamily can be phylogenetically grouped into five main families the GRAFS classification system has been proposed.
GRAFS stands for Glutamate, Rhodopsin, Adhesion, Frizzled/Taste2, Secretin.[2] They correspond to classical classes C (class C, glutamate), A (rhodopsin-like), B2 (Secretin receptor family, long N-terminal), F (Frizzled/Smoothened), and B1 3 (other secretin).[3] Taste2 has more recently considered to be closer to Rhodopsin-like receptors.[4]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Lander, ES; Linton, LM; Birren; International Human Genome Sequencing, Consortium; et al. (Feb 15, 2001). "Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome" (PDF). Nature. 409 (6822): 860–921. Bibcode:2001Natur.409..860L. doi:10.1038/35057062. PMID 11237011.860-921&rft.date=2001-02-15&rft_id=info:pmid/11237011&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038/35057062&rft_id=info:bibcode/2001Natur.409..860L&rft.aulast=Lander&rft.aufirst=ES&rft.au=Linton, LM&rft.au=Birren&rft.au=International Human Genome Sequencing, Consortium&rft_id=https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/62798/1/409860a0.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:GRAFS" class="Z3988">
- ^ Fredriksson, R; Lagerström, MC; Lundin, LG; Schiöth, HB (June 2003). "The G-protein-coupled receptors in the human genome form five main families. Phylogenetic analysis, paralogon groups, and fingerprints". Molecular Pharmacology. 63 (6): 1256–72. doi:10.1124/mol.63.6.1256. PMID 12761335.1256-72&rft.date=2003-06&rft_id=info:doi/10.1124/mol.63.6.1256&rft_id=info:pmid/12761335&rft.aulast=Fredriksson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.au=Lagerström, MC&rft.au=Lundin, LG&rft.au=Schiöth, HB&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:GRAFS" class="Z3988">
- ^ Krishnan, A; Almén, MS; Fredriksson, R; Schiöth, HB (2012). "The origin of GPCRs: identification of mammalian like Rhodopsin, Adhesion, Glutamate and Frizzled GPCRs in fungi". PLOS ONE. 7 (1): e29817. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...729817K. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0029817. PMC 3251606. PMID 22238661.
- ^ Nordström KJ, Sällman Almén M, Edstam MM, Fredriksson R, Schiöth HB (September 2011). "Independent HHsearch, Needleman—Wunsch-based, and motif analyses reveal the overall hierarchy for most of the G protein-coupled receptor families". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 28 (9): 2471–80. doi:10.1093/molbev/msr061. PMID 21402729.2471-80&rft.date=2011-09&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093/molbev/msr061&rft_id=info:pmid/21402729&rft.aulast=Nordström&rft.aufirst=KJ&rft.au=Sällman Almén, M&rft.au=Edstam, MM&rft.au=Fredriksson, R&rft.au=Schiöth, HB&rft_id=https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fmolbev%2Fmsr061&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:GRAFS" class="Z3988">
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