Galanin receptor 3

Galanin receptor 3 (GAL₃) is a G-protein coupled receptor encoded by the GALR3 gene.

GALR3
Identifiers
Aliases	GALR3, Galanin receptor 3
External IDs	OMIM: 603692; MGI: 1329003; HomoloGene: 20798; GeneCards: GALR3; OMA:GALR3 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 22 (human) Band 22q13.1 Start 37,823,382 bp End 37,825,485 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 15 (mouse) Band 15 E1|15 37.7 cM Start 78,926,085 bp End 78,927,758 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in cerebellar hemisphere right hemisphere of cerebellum nucleus accumbens skeletal muscle tissue right lobe of liver body of pancreas putamen Amygdala Hypothalamus muscle of thigh Top expressed in CA3 field intestinal villus Ileal epithelium embryo lactiferous gland yolk sac tracheobronchial tree inferior colliculi skin of abdomen islet of Langerhans More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function galanin receptor activity G protein-coupled receptor activity signal transducer activity peptide hormone binding G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity Cellular component integral component of membrane plasma membrane integral component of plasma membrane membrane non-motile cilium cilium Biological process learning or memory phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway neuropeptide signaling pathway feeding behavior positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II signal transduction adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway chemical synaptic transmission G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger negative regulation of adenylate cyclase activity galanin-activated signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 8484 14429 Ensembl ENSG00000128310 ENSMUSG00000114755 UniProt O60755 O88853 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_003614 NM_015738 RefSeq (protein) NP_003605 NP_056553 Location (UCSC) Chr 22: 37.82 – 37.83 Mb Chr 15: 78.93 – 78.93 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
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Function

The neuropeptide galanin modulates a variety of physiologic processes including cognition/memory, sensory/pain processing, hormone secretion, and feeding behavior. The human galanin receptors are G protein-coupled receptors that functionally couple to their intracellular effector through distinct signaling pathways. GALR3 is found in many tissues and may be expressed as 1.4-, 2.4-, and 5-kb transcripts

See also

• Galanin receptor

Further reading

• Smith KE, Walker MW, Artymyshyn R, Bard J, Borowsky B, Tamm JA, Yao WJ, Vaysse PJ, Branchek TA, Gerald C, Jones KA (Sep 1998). "Cloned human and rat galanin GALR3 receptors. Pharmacology and activation of G-protein inwardly rectifying K channels". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (36): 23321–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.36.23321. PMID 9722565.
• Kolakowski LF, O'Neill GP, Howard AD, Broussard SR, Sullivan KA, Feighner SD, Sawzdargo M, Nguyen T, Kargman S, Shiao LL, Hreniuk DL, Tan CP, Evans J, Abramovitz M, Chateauneuf A, Coulombe N, Ng G, Johnson MP, Tharian A, Khoshbouei H, George SR, Smith RG, O'Dowd BF (Dec 1998). "Molecular characterization and expression of cloned human galanin receptors GALR2 and GALR3". Journal of Neurochemistry. 71 (6): 2239–51. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.71062239.x. PMID 9832121. S2CID 1318986.
• Iismaa TP, Fathi Z, Hort YJ, Iben LG, Dutton JL, Baker E, Sutherland GR, Shine J (Dec 1998). "Structural organization and chromosomal localization of three human galanin receptor genes". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 863 (1): 56–63. Bibcode:1998NYASA.863...56I. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb10683.x. PMID 9928159. S2CID 42328897.
• Lapsys NM, Furler SM, Henderson NK, Dutton JL, Hort YJ, Eisman JA, Shine J, Iismaa TP (Aug 1999). "A polymorphism in the human GALR3 galanin receptor gene (GALNR3)". Molecular and Cellular Probes. 13 (4): 325–7. doi:10.1006/mcpr.1999.0254. PMID 10441207.
• Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP (Dec 1999). "The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22". Nature. 402 (6761): 489–95. Bibcode:1999Natur.402..489D. doi:10.1038/990031. PMID 10591208.
• Berger A, Tuechler C, Almer D, Kogner P, Ratschek M, Kerbl R, Iismaa TP, Jones N, Sperl W, Kofler B (Feb 2002). "Elevated expression of galanin receptors in childhood neuroblastic tumors". Neuroendocrinology. 75 (2): 130–8. doi:10.1159/000048229. PMID 11867941. S2CID 46848351.
• Belfer I, Hipp H, Bollettino A, McKnight C, Evans C, Virkkunen M, Albaugh B, Max MB, Goldman D, Enoch MA (Jul 2007). "Alcoholism is associated with GALR3 but not two other galanin receptor genes". Genes, Brain and Behavior. 6 (5): 473–81. doi:10.1111/j.1601-183X.2006.00275.x. PMID 17083333. S2CID 20809912.
• Runesson J, Sollenberg UE, Jurkowski W, Yazdi S, Eriksson EE, Elofsson A, Langel U (Dec 2010). "Determining receptor-ligand interaction of human galanin receptor type 3". Neurochemistry International. 57 (7): 804–11. doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2010.08.018. PMID 20817064. S2CID 18834008.

External links

• "Galanin Receptors: GAL₃". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. Archived from the original on 2019-10-26. Retrieved 2008-12-04.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.