File:GreatMigration1910to1970-UrbanPopulation.png

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Summary

Description
English: The Great Migration generally refers to the massive internal migration of Blacks from the South to urban centers in other parts of the country. Between 1910 and 1970, an estimated 6 million Blacks left the South. This graphic compares the early migration (1910-1940), sometimes referred to as the First Great Migration, and the later (1940-1970) also known as the Second Great Migration.

In the early 20th century, strict legislation limited immigration into the U.S. and brought about a shortage of labor in many industrial and manufacturing centers in the Northeast and Midwest. These cities became common destinations for Black migrants from the South. Cities that experienced substantial changes in racial composition between 1910 and 1940 include Chicago, Detroit, New York City, and Philadelphia. During and after WWII, Black migrants flooded into many of the cities that were destinations before the war, following friends and relatives that had made the journey earlier. Poor economic conditions in the Jim Crow South spurred a larger migration flow than was the case in the 1910-to-1940 period and resulted in the creation of large Black population centers in many cities across the Northeast, Midwest, and West.

NOTE: Data are from decennial censuses, 1910 through 1970. Population counts are based on unrevised numbers. Data for the Black population for cities in Alaska and Hawaii were not available in 1940 or earlier decades. Cities shown are those that were either in the top 100 cities in the country or top 3 of a state and had a Black population of at least 100 people. These criteria were placed on 1940 data for the First Great Migration and 1970 data for the Second Great Migration.


Español: La Gran Migración generalmente se refiere a la migración interna masiva de afroamericanos del sur hacia los centros urbanos en otras partes del país. Entre 1910 y 1970, se calcula que 6 millones de afroamericanos abandonaron el Sur. Este gráfico compara la migración temprana (1910-1940), a veces referida como la Primera Gran Migración, y la posterior (1940-1970) también conocida como la Segunda Gran Migración.

A principios del siglo XX, una legislación estricta limitó la inmigración a los EE.UU. y provocó una escasez de mano de obra en muchos centros industriales y manufactureros del noreste y el medio oeste. Estas ciudades se convirtieron en destinos comunes para los migrantes del Sur. Las ciudades que experimentaron cambios sustanciales en la composición racial entre 1910 y 1940 incluyen Chicago, Detroit, la ciudad de Nueva York y Filadelfia. Durante y después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, los migrantes afroamericanos llegaron a muchas de las ciudades que eran destinos antes de la guerra, siguiendo a los amigos y parientes que habían hecho el viaje antes. Las malas condiciones económicas en el sur y las leyes Jim Crow estimularon un mayor flujo migratorio que en el período de 1910 a 1940 y dieron lugar a la creación de grandes centros de población negra en muchas ciudades del noreste, el medio oeste y el oeste.

NOTA: Los datos provienen de censos decenales de 1910 a 1970. Los conteos poblacionales se basan en cifras no revisadas. Los datos de la población negra de las ciudades de Alaska y Hawaii no estaban disponibles en 1940 o en décadas anteriores. Las ciudades que se muestran son las que estaban entre las 100 mayores ciudades del país o entre las 3 mayores de un estado y tenían una población negra de por lo menos 100 personas. Estos criterios fueron colocados en los datos de 1940 para la Primera Gran Migración y en los datos de 1970 para la Segunda Gran Migración.
Date
Source US Census Bureau, Data Visualization Gallery, https://www.census.gov/dataviz/visualizations/020/
Author US Census Bureau

Licensing

Public domain
This image or file is a work of a United States Census Bureau employee, taken or made as part of that person's official duties. As a work of the U.S. federal government, the image is in the public domain.

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Great Migration 1910 to 1970. -UrbanPopulation.

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13 September 2012

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