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Duke of Buccleuch

(Redirected from Earl of Dalkeith)
"Duke of Buccleugh" redirects here. For ships with that name, see Duke of Buccleugh (ship).
This article is about the Dukedom of Buccleuch. For the 10th and present Duke of Buccleuch, see Richard Scott, 10th Duke of Buccleuch.

Duke of Buccleuch (/bəˈkluː/ bə-KLOO), formerly also spelt Duke of Buccleugh, is a title in the Peerage of Scotland created twice on 20 April 1663, first for James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, and second suo jure for his wife Anne Scott, 4th Countess of Buccleuch. Monmouth, the eldest illegitimate son of King Charles II, was attainted after rebelling against his uncle King James II and VII, but his wife's title was unaffected and passed on to their descendants, who have successively borne the surnames Scott, Montagu-Scott, Montagu Douglas Scott and Scott again. In 1810, the 3rd Duke of Buccleuch inherited the Dukedom of Queensberry, also in the Peerage of Scotland, thus separating that title from the Marquessate of Queensberry.

Dukedom of Buccleuch
held with
Dukedom of Queensberry
Creation date1663
Created byCharles II
PeeragePeerage of Scotland
First holderJames Scott
Present holderRichard Scott, 10th Duke
Heir apparentWalter Scott, Earl of Dalkeith
Remainder tothe 1st Duke's heirs male of the body lawfully begotten
Subsidiary titlesMarquess of Dumfriesshire
Earl of Buccleuch
Earl of Dalkeith
Earl of Doncaster
Earl of Drumlanrig and Sanquhar
Viscount of Nith, Tortholwald and Ross
Baron Scott of Tindale
Lord Scott of Buccleuch
Lord Scott of Whitchester and Eskdaill
Lord Douglas of Kilmount, Middlebie and Dornock
Seat(s)Bowhill House
Drumlanrig Castle
Boughton House
Eildon Hall (Scottish Borders)
Dalkeith Palace*
Former seat(s)Montagu House
MottoAmo ("I love")[1]
*Dalkeith Palace remains in the ownership of the Dukes, but is not presently inhabited by them or their family.

The substantial origin of the ducal house of the Scotts of Buccleuch dates back to the large grants of lands in Scotland to Sir Walter Scott of Kirkurd and Buccleuch, a border chief, by King James II, in consequence of the fall of the 8th Earl of Douglas (1452), but the family traced their descent back to a Sir Richard le Scott (1240–1285). Sir Walter Scott of Branxholme and Buccleuch (died 1552) distinguished himself at the Battle of Pinkie Cleugh (1547). His great-grandson Sir Walter was created Lord Scott of Buccleuch in 1606.[2]

Other subsidiary titles associated with the Dukedom of Buccleuch are: Earl of Buccleuch (1619), Earl of Dalkeith (1663) and Lord Scott of Whitchester and Eskdaill (1619) (all in the Peerage of Scotland). The Duke also holds the two subsidiary titles of the attainted Dukedom of Monmouth, namely Earl of Doncaster (1663) and Baron Scott of Tindale (1663) (both in the Peerage of England), and several subsidiary titles associated with the Dukedom of Queensberry, namely Marquess of Dumfriesshire (1683), Earl of Drumlanrig and Sanquhar (1682), Viscount of Nith, Tortholwald and Ross (1682) and Lord Douglas of Kilmount, Middlebie and Dornock (1682) (all in the Peerage of Scotland). The Earldom of Doncaster and Barony of Scott of Tindale had been forfeit at the time of the first Duke's attainder, but the titles were restored to the 2nd Duke of Buccleuch in 1742. Until 1835, the Dukes also held lands in the West Riding of Yorkshire and the ancient title of Lord of Bowland. The Duke of Buccleuch is the hereditary chief of Clan Scott.[3] The holder is one of only five people in the UK to hold two or more different dukedoms, the others being the Duke of Cornwall, Rothesay, and Cambridge (all currently held by the Prince of Wales), the Duke of Hamilton and Brandon, the Duke of Argyll (who holds two dukedoms named Argyll), and the Duke of Richmond, Lennox and Gordon.

The courtesy title used by the Duke's eldest son and heir is Earl of Dalkeith; and that of Lord Dalkeith's eldest son and heir is Lord Eskdaill.

The novelist Sir Walter Scott, Bart., was directly descended of the Lords of Buccleuch. His family history, fancifully interpreted, is the main subject of much of The Lay of the Last Minstrel.

The current Duke of Buccleuch, Richard Scott, the 10th Duke, is one of the largest private landowners in Scotland with some 200,000 acres (over 80,000 hectares)[4][5] and chairman of the Buccleuch Group, a holding company with interests in commercial property, rural affairs, food, and beverages. The title originally comes from a holding in the Scottish Borders, near Selkirk.

The family seats are Bowhill House, three miles from Selkirk, representing the Scott line; Drumlanrig Castle in Dumfries and Galloway, representing the Douglas line; and Boughton House in Northamptonshire, England, representing the Montagu line. These three houses are still lived in by the family and are also open to the public. The family also owns Dalkeith Palace in Midlothian, which is let, and has owned several other country houses and castles in the past. Its historic London residence was Montagu House, Whitehall, now demolished and replaced by the Ministry of Defence.

William Montagu Douglas Scott, The Earl of Dalkeith, who became the 7th Duke of Buccleuch was elected President of St. Andrew's Ambulance Association in 1908. The Presidency of the Association (now St Andrew's First Aid) has been held by the Buccleuch family from that date.

Sarah, Duchess of York, former wife of Prince Andrew, Duke of York, is a great-great-granddaughter of the 6th Duke of Buccleuch.

The 7th Duke of Buccleuch had a daughter, Alice, who married Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester (third son of King George V and uncle of Queen Elizabeth II) in 1935, becoming a member of the British Royal Family. Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester and Prince William of Gloucester are grandsons of the 7th Duke of Buccleuch.

Most of the Dukes of Buccleuch (the 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th) are buried in the Buccleuch Memorial Chapel in St. Mary's Episcopal Church, Dalkeith, Midlothian. The 2nd Duke (died 1751) is buried in Eton College Chapel. The most recent Dukes (the 8th and 9th) are buried among the ruins of Melrose Abbey in Melrose.[6]

Dukes of Buccleuch are invariably granted the honour of Knight of the Order of the Thistle.[7]

Feudal barons of Buccleuch (1488)

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Lords Scott of Buccleuch (1606)

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Earls of Buccleuch (1619)

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Dukes of Buccleuch, first creation (1663)

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Dukes of Buccleuch, second creation (1663)

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The heir apparent is the present holder's son Walter John Francis Montagu Douglas Scott, Earl of Dalkeith (b. 1984)
The heir apparent's heir apparent is his son, Willoughby Ralph Montagu Douglas Scott, Lord Eskdaill (b. 2016)

Line of succession (simplified)
  •   Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 5th Duke of Buccleuch, 7th Duke of Queensberry (1806–1884)
    •   William Montagu Douglas Scott, 6th Duke of Buccleuch, 8th Duke of Queensberry (1831–1914)
      •   John Montagu Douglas Scott, 7th Duke of Buccleuch, 9th Duke of Queensberry (1864–1935)
        •   Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, 8th Duke of Buccleuch, 10th Duke of Queensberry (1894–1973)
          •   John Montagu Douglas Scott, 9th Duke of Buccleuch, 11th Duke of Queensberry (1923–2007)
            •   Richard Montagu Douglas Scott, 10th Duke of Buccleuch, 12th Duke of Queensberry (b. 1954)
              • (1). Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, Earl of Dalkeith (b. 1984)
                • (2). Willoughby Montagu Douglas Scott, Lord Eskdaill (b. 2016)
              • (3). Lord Charles David Peter Montagu Douglas Scott (b. 1987)
                • (4). Rufus Peter Francis Montagu Douglas Scott (b. 2017)
                • (5). Wilfred Richard Montagu Douglas Scott (b. 2019)
            • (6). Lord William Henry John Montagu Douglas Scott (b. 1957)
            • (7). Lord Damian Torquil Francis Charles Montagu Douglas Scott (b. 1970)
              • (8). Alexander Edward James Montagu Douglas Scott (b. 2002)
              • (9). Orlando John Sebastian Montagu Douglas Scott (b. 2009)
        • Lord William Montagu-Douglas-Scott (1896–1958)
          • male issue in line
      • Lord George William Montagu Douglas Scott (1866–1947)
        • John Henry Montagu Douglas Scott (1911–1991)
          • male issue in line
        • Claud Everard Walter Montagu Douglas Scott (1915–1994)
          • male issue in line
      • Lord Herbert Andrew Montagu Douglas Scott (1872–1943)
    •   Henry Douglas-Scott-Montagu, 1st Baron Montagu of Beaulieu (1832–1905)

[8][9]

Coats of arms

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  •  
    Ancestral Scott arms: Or on a bend azure a mullet of six points between two crescents of the field[10]
  •  
    Arms of the 1st Duke of Monmouth & Buccleuch
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    Arms of the 3rd Duke of Buccleuch
  •  
    Arms of the 4th Duke of Buccleuch
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    Arms of the 5th Duke of Buccleuch
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    Arms of the 8th to 10th Duke of Buccleuch[11]
Coat of arms of the Duke of Buccleuch
 
 
Adopted
1935
Coronet
A coronet of a Duke
Crest
A Stag trippant proper armed and attired Or
Escutcheon
Quarterly: 1st grandquarter for the Earldom of Doncaster: the arms of King Charles II debruised by a Baton Sinister Argent; 2nd grandquarter for the Dukedom of Argyll: quarterly, 1st and 4th: Gyronny of eight Or and Sable (Campbell); 2nd and 3rd: Argent a Lymphad sails furled Sable flags and pennons flying Gules and oars in action of the second (Lorne); 3rd grandquarter for the Dukedom of Queensberry: quarterly, 1st and 4th: Argent a Heart Gules crowned with an Imperial Crown Or on a Chief Azure three Mullets of the field (Douglas); 2nd and 3rd, Azure a Bend between six Cross Crosslets fitchée Or (Mar); the whole of this grandquarter within a Bordure Or charged with a double Tressure flory-counter-flory Gules; 4th grandquarter for the Dukedom of Montagu: quarterly, 1st: Argent three Fusils conjoined in fess Gules a Bordure Sable (Montagu); 2nd: Or an Eagle displayed Vert beaked and membered Gules (Monthermer); 3rd: Sable a Lion rampant Argent on a Canton of the last a Cross Gules (Churchill); 4th: Argent a Chevron Gules between three Caps of Maintenance their fronts turned to the sinister Azure furred Ermine (Brudenell); over the grandquarters at the fess point an Inescutcheon Or on a Bend Azure a Mullet of six points between two Crescents of the field (Scott).
Supporters
On either side a Female Figure proper habited from the waist downwards in a Kirtle Azure gathered up at the knees the arms and bosom uncovered around the shoulders a Flowing Mantle as before suspended by the exterior hand girdle and sandals Gules and her head adorned with a Plume of three Ostrich Feathers Argent
Motto
Amo ("I Love")

Family tree

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In media

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  • Nick Carraway, the narrator of F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby, says his family has "a tradition that we're descended from the Dukes of Buccleuch", but then points out that this is not true.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Berry, William; Glover, Robert (1828). Encyclopædia Heraldica: Or, Complete Dictionary of Heraldry. Published by the author. p. 460.
  2. ^   One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Buccleuch, Dukes of". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 712.
  3. ^ "Requirements for recognition". The Standing Council of Scottish Chiefs. Archived from the original on 7 August 2012.
  4. ^ Who owns Scotland? The changing face of Scotland's landowners, Andrew Picken & Stuart Nicolson, BBC Scotland News, published 21 May 2019
  5. ^ Ross, David (5 June 2013). "Questions raised over land swap deal with billionaire". The Herald. Retrieved 12 January 2015.
  6. ^ "St Mary's Episcopal Chapel - Clan Scott Scotland".
  7. ^ Annex 1
  8. ^ Mosley, Charles, ed. (1999). "Buccleuch and Queensberry". Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage. Vol. 1 (106th ed.). Crans, Switzerland: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd. pp. 409–412. ISBN 2-940085-02-1.
  9. ^ Morris, Susan; Bosberry-Scott, Wendy; Belfield, Gervase, eds. (2019). "Buccleuch and Queensberry". Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage. Vol. 1 (150th ed.). London: Debrett's Ltd. pp. 692–697. ISBN 978-1-999767-0-5-1.
  10. ^ Scots Peerage, p. 249
  11. ^ scotarmigers.net
  12. ^ James Douglas, 3rd Marquess of Queensberry, a homicidal maniac, was excluded from the line of succession to the Dukedoms of Queensberry and Dover when his father — the 2nd Duke of Queensberry — surrendered all of his titles except the Marquessate and its subsidiary titles back to the Crown and obtained a new grant with the same precedence for the surrendered titles that altered the succession to his second son and then the heirs male and female of the 1st Earl of Queensberry. The succession of the Marquessate continued in remainder to the heirs male of the 1st Earl of Queensberry.

Attribution

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